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2022 Volume 41 Issue 11
2022, 41(11): 221100
doi: 10.14102/j.cnki.0254-5861.2022-0211
Abstract:
2022, 41(11): 221100
doi: 10.14102/j.cnki.0254-5861.2022-0114
Abstract:
Ion conduction plays key roles in electrochemical systems, including fuel cells, lithium ion batteries, and metal-air batteries. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), as a new class of porous polymers, constructed by pre-designable building blocks, are ideal hosts to accommodate ionic carries for conduction because of their straightforward pore channels, tunable pore size, controllable pore environment, and good chemical and thermal stability. Different from proton conduction, how to achieve high lithium ion conduction is still a challenge as it is difficult to dissociate ionic bonds of the lithium salts. To facilitate the dissociation of lithium salts, COFs with different pores and skeletons are well designed and constructed. This review focuses on emerging developments of lithium ion conduction in COFs, and discusses the structures of these COFs and conductive performance to elucidate the structure-property correlations. Furthermore, we have concluded the remaining challenge and future direction in these COF-based lithium conductive areas. This review provides deeper insight into COFs for ionic conduction.
Ion conduction plays key roles in electrochemical systems, including fuel cells, lithium ion batteries, and metal-air batteries. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), as a new class of porous polymers, constructed by pre-designable building blocks, are ideal hosts to accommodate ionic carries for conduction because of their straightforward pore channels, tunable pore size, controllable pore environment, and good chemical and thermal stability. Different from proton conduction, how to achieve high lithium ion conduction is still a challenge as it is difficult to dissociate ionic bonds of the lithium salts. To facilitate the dissociation of lithium salts, COFs with different pores and skeletons are well designed and constructed. This review focuses on emerging developments of lithium ion conduction in COFs, and discusses the structures of these COFs and conductive performance to elucidate the structure-property correlations. Furthermore, we have concluded the remaining challenge and future direction in these COF-based lithium conductive areas. This review provides deeper insight into COFs for ionic conduction.
2022, 41(11): 221101
doi: 10.14102/j.cnki.0254-5861.2022-0126
Abstract:
Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is a powerful technology that is the triple point of chemical, electronic, and optical technologies. The ECL-based sensors attract enormous attention due to the unifying of the advantages of electrochemical and optical sensors. The development of ultrasensitive, rapid, highly specific, and cost-effective ECL sensors for detecting substances with human health and life is critical. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is a kind of molecular crystalline material regarded as a promising candidate for application in ECL sensors after its great improvement because of the improved MOFs with particular merits such as large surface area, tunable pore scale, structural diversity, superior conductivity, water stability, low toxicity, and good biocompatibility. In this review, we emphasize discussing the applications of MOFs for ECL sensing detection of varying targets that are related to human health and life, such as metal ions, small molecules, nucleic acids, proteins, bacteria, and viruses. Then, the relationship between ECL performance and MOFs characters is sprinkled in the discussion of the representative example. Finally, we provide the potential opportunities and challenges faced by MOFs in the realm of ECL sensors, as well as the future perspectives.
Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) is a powerful technology that is the triple point of chemical, electronic, and optical technologies. The ECL-based sensors attract enormous attention due to the unifying of the advantages of electrochemical and optical sensors. The development of ultrasensitive, rapid, highly specific, and cost-effective ECL sensors for detecting substances with human health and life is critical. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is a kind of molecular crystalline material regarded as a promising candidate for application in ECL sensors after its great improvement because of the improved MOFs with particular merits such as large surface area, tunable pore scale, structural diversity, superior conductivity, water stability, low toxicity, and good biocompatibility. In this review, we emphasize discussing the applications of MOFs for ECL sensing detection of varying targets that are related to human health and life, such as metal ions, small molecules, nucleic acids, proteins, bacteria, and viruses. Then, the relationship between ECL performance and MOFs characters is sprinkled in the discussion of the representative example. Finally, we provide the potential opportunities and challenges faced by MOFs in the realm of ECL sensors, as well as the future perspectives.
2022, 41(11): 221103
doi: 10.14102/j.cnki.0254-5861.2022-0132
Abstract:
Separation of C2 gases (C2H2/C2H4, C2H6/C2H4 and C2H2/CO2) mixtures is one of the most important and energy-demanding processes in chemical industry. Traditional separation methods (fine distillation separation and selective catalytic hydrogenation separation) have the shortages of high energy consumption and inefficient use of resources, affecting the achievement of peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality targets. Separation based on adsorption is considered as one of the best ways to achieve low-energy separations. Therefore, it is of great importance to synthesize materials that enable the effective separation and purification of C2 gases under mild conditions. As an emerging class of porous materials, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) show great promise in the field of gas separation and purification due to their ultra-high specific surface area, easily modifiable pore surfaces, structural designability and functionalization. Herein, we summarize recent research advances by use of MOFs sorbents for the separation and purification of C2 gases, including C2H2/C2H4, C2H6/C2H4 and C2H2/CO2. Relationship between structures and separation mechanism is also explored. Furthermore, challenges and possible research directions related to the further exploration are also discussed.
Separation of C2 gases (C2H2/C2H4, C2H6/C2H4 and C2H2/CO2) mixtures is one of the most important and energy-demanding processes in chemical industry. Traditional separation methods (fine distillation separation and selective catalytic hydrogenation separation) have the shortages of high energy consumption and inefficient use of resources, affecting the achievement of peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality targets. Separation based on adsorption is considered as one of the best ways to achieve low-energy separations. Therefore, it is of great importance to synthesize materials that enable the effective separation and purification of C2 gases under mild conditions. As an emerging class of porous materials, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) show great promise in the field of gas separation and purification due to their ultra-high specific surface area, easily modifiable pore surfaces, structural designability and functionalization. Herein, we summarize recent research advances by use of MOFs sorbents for the separation and purification of C2 gases, including C2H2/C2H4, C2H6/C2H4 and C2H2/CO2. Relationship between structures and separation mechanism is also explored. Furthermore, challenges and possible research directions related to the further exploration are also discussed.
2022, 41(11): 221104
doi: 10.14102/j.cnki.0254-5861.2022-0138
Abstract:
Various ions and antibiotics, widely used in industry and clinical medicine, respectively, are massively discharged to atmosphere and water, resulting in severe pollutions on environment and potential threats to human health. Besides, amino acids, the primary substances for the establishment of proteins, cells and tissues, are crucial to human health. Therefore, seeking effective and practicable materials to detect aforesaid analytes is vitally meaningful. Metal-organic frameworks centered with lanthanide ions (Ln-MOFs), also known as lanthanide coordination polymers, are considered as a charming category of multi-functional hybrid crystalline materials with fascinating structures and incomparable luminescent characteristics. Benefited from their unique merits, Ln-MOFs have been largely developed as excellent luminescent sensors for fast and efficient sensing various analytes. In this review, we aim to introduce some of the recent researches between 2018 to 2022 on Ln-MOFs applied as chemical sensors for ions, antibiotics and amino acids based on luminescent quenching and enhancing effects, and provide an update and summary for the latest progresses in this field.
Various ions and antibiotics, widely used in industry and clinical medicine, respectively, are massively discharged to atmosphere and water, resulting in severe pollutions on environment and potential threats to human health. Besides, amino acids, the primary substances for the establishment of proteins, cells and tissues, are crucial to human health. Therefore, seeking effective and practicable materials to detect aforesaid analytes is vitally meaningful. Metal-organic frameworks centered with lanthanide ions (Ln-MOFs), also known as lanthanide coordination polymers, are considered as a charming category of multi-functional hybrid crystalline materials with fascinating structures and incomparable luminescent characteristics. Benefited from their unique merits, Ln-MOFs have been largely developed as excellent luminescent sensors for fast and efficient sensing various analytes. In this review, we aim to introduce some of the recent researches between 2018 to 2022 on Ln-MOFs applied as chemical sensors for ions, antibiotics and amino acids based on luminescent quenching and enhancing effects, and provide an update and summary for the latest progresses in this field.
2022, 41(11): 221107
doi: 10.14102/j.cnki.0254-5861.2022-0140
Abstract:
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have always been the focus of chemists due to their diverse structures, adjustable pore size and high stability since they came into being. In recent years, as one of the most significant applications of MOFs porous materials, photocatalytic organic compounds transformation has made full-grown progress both in the preparation of the catalysts themselves and in the scope of specific applications. Herein, we summarize the research progress of MOFs catalysts for photocatalytic transformations of organic compounds in recent three years. Some outstanding works on the preparation and synthesis strategies of photocatalysts are introduced firstly, including internal optimization and modification of MOFs, POM@MOF composite and core-shell MOF@COF hybrids. The second part is about the application of diverse types of organic reactions, including dual-function organic reactions, catalytic oxidation reactions, comprehensive utilization of CO2 and degradation of organic pollutants. Besides, the development opportunities and some problems to be solved in this field are proposed.
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have always been the focus of chemists due to their diverse structures, adjustable pore size and high stability since they came into being. In recent years, as one of the most significant applications of MOFs porous materials, photocatalytic organic compounds transformation has made full-grown progress both in the preparation of the catalysts themselves and in the scope of specific applications. Herein, we summarize the research progress of MOFs catalysts for photocatalytic transformations of organic compounds in recent three years. Some outstanding works on the preparation and synthesis strategies of photocatalysts are introduced firstly, including internal optimization and modification of MOFs, POM@MOF composite and core-shell MOF@COF hybrids. The second part is about the application of diverse types of organic reactions, including dual-function organic reactions, catalytic oxidation reactions, comprehensive utilization of CO2 and degradation of organic pollutants. Besides, the development opportunities and some problems to be solved in this field are proposed.
2022, 41(11): 221108
doi: 10.14102/j.cnki.0254-5861.2022-0162
Abstract:
Electrocatalysis provides various technologies for energy storage and conversion, which is an important part of realizing sustainable clean energy for the future. COFs, as emerging porous crystalline polymers, possess high specific surface areas, tunable pore structures, high crystallinity and tailorable functionalization. These features endow COFs with abundant active sites and fast electron transport channels, making them potentially efficient electrocatalysts. In recent years, COF-based electrocatalysts have been widely developed for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) and carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR). In this review, design strategies of COF-based electrocatalysts are briefly summarized, including applying COF as supports, introducing active metals in COF, constructing two-dimensional conductive COF, formation of COF-based hybrid and pyrolysis of COF to obtain carbon materials. Then, the recent research progress in COF-derived catalysts for specific electrocatalytic reactions is introduced systematically. Finally, the outlook and challenges of future applications of COFs in electrocatalysis are highlighted.
Electrocatalysis provides various technologies for energy storage and conversion, which is an important part of realizing sustainable clean energy for the future. COFs, as emerging porous crystalline polymers, possess high specific surface areas, tunable pore structures, high crystallinity and tailorable functionalization. These features endow COFs with abundant active sites and fast electron transport channels, making them potentially efficient electrocatalysts. In recent years, COF-based electrocatalysts have been widely developed for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) and carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR). In this review, design strategies of COF-based electrocatalysts are briefly summarized, including applying COF as supports, introducing active metals in COF, constructing two-dimensional conductive COF, formation of COF-based hybrid and pyrolysis of COF to obtain carbon materials. Then, the recent research progress in COF-derived catalysts for specific electrocatalytic reactions is introduced systematically. Finally, the outlook and challenges of future applications of COFs in electrocatalysis are highlighted.
2022, 41(11): 221110
doi: 10.14102/j.cnki.0254-5861.2022-0178
Abstract:
Conventional polymeric membranes face several limitations, such as the trade-off between permeability and selectivity, and physical aging or membrane fouling. In this case, fabrication of composite membranes, usually including mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) or thin film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes by introduction of porous materials as fillers has gained much attention. To achieve excellent membrane performance, it is of great importance to select proper porous materials to avoid agglomeration or precipitation during the composite membrane fabrication processes. Metal-organic cages (MOCs) have been explored as additives for the fabrication of defectfree composite membranes owing to their diversified topologies, well-defined pore structures, nanoscale size, and excellent solubility. This review mainly focuses on the recent advances in applications of MOCs for membrane separation, including synthetic artificial channels, reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, pervaporation and gas separation. Besides, two types of MOCs that have been extensively investigated for composite membrane fabrication are also highlighted. Furthermore, challenges and possible directions are also discussed in details, hoping to provide insightful guidance on the development of more MOC-based membranes with impressive separation performance.
Conventional polymeric membranes face several limitations, such as the trade-off between permeability and selectivity, and physical aging or membrane fouling. In this case, fabrication of composite membranes, usually including mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) or thin film nanocomposite (TFN) membranes by introduction of porous materials as fillers has gained much attention. To achieve excellent membrane performance, it is of great importance to select proper porous materials to avoid agglomeration or precipitation during the composite membrane fabrication processes. Metal-organic cages (MOCs) have been explored as additives for the fabrication of defectfree composite membranes owing to their diversified topologies, well-defined pore structures, nanoscale size, and excellent solubility. This review mainly focuses on the recent advances in applications of MOCs for membrane separation, including synthetic artificial channels, reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, pervaporation and gas separation. Besides, two types of MOCs that have been extensively investigated for composite membrane fabrication are also highlighted. Furthermore, challenges and possible directions are also discussed in details, hoping to provide insightful guidance on the development of more MOC-based membranes with impressive separation performance.
2022, 41(11): 221111
doi: 10.14102/j.cnki.0254-5861.2022-0171
Abstract:
The fast, sensitive and selective detection of some antibiotics and heavy metal cations in water is highly desirable for environmental protection and human health, but it is still currently challenging. In this work, a new luminescent Eu(III)-based metal-organic framework (MOF), {[(CH3)2NH2][Eu(L)2(H2O)2]·xDMF}n (1) [H2L = 4, 4'-((naphthalene-1, 4-dicarbonyl)bis(azanediyl))dibenzoic acid], was solvothermally synthesized. Complex 1 exhibits good water stability and luminescent property and could serve as a bi-functional ratiometric luminescent sensor for fast, sensitive and selective detection of ornidazole (ODZ) and Hg2+ in aqueous solution. The corresponding luminescent mechanism has also been discussed. This work indicates that 1 as a promising luminescent material exhibits luminescent quenching behavior for ODZ and luminescent enhancement behavior for Hg2+ in H2O, which will promote the practical application of Ln-MOF-based ratiometric luminescent sensors in monitoring antibiotics and metal ions pollutants in the environmental water matrices.
The fast, sensitive and selective detection of some antibiotics and heavy metal cations in water is highly desirable for environmental protection and human health, but it is still currently challenging. In this work, a new luminescent Eu(III)-based metal-organic framework (MOF), {[(CH3)2NH2][Eu(L)2(H2O)2]·xDMF}n (1) [H2L = 4, 4'-((naphthalene-1, 4-dicarbonyl)bis(azanediyl))dibenzoic acid], was solvothermally synthesized. Complex 1 exhibits good water stability and luminescent property and could serve as a bi-functional ratiometric luminescent sensor for fast, sensitive and selective detection of ornidazole (ODZ) and Hg2+ in aqueous solution. The corresponding luminescent mechanism has also been discussed. This work indicates that 1 as a promising luminescent material exhibits luminescent quenching behavior for ODZ and luminescent enhancement behavior for Hg2+ in H2O, which will promote the practical application of Ln-MOF-based ratiometric luminescent sensors in monitoring antibiotics and metal ions pollutants in the environmental water matrices.
