In this study, ZnSnO₃/NiO heterostructures were synthesized using a co-precipitation method followed by an annealing process. The gas-sensitive characteristics of the sensors based on these samples were evaluated. The results indicate that the sensor performance was optimized when the molar ratio of Ni to Zn was 1∶2. Specifically, the response values of the ZnSnO₃/NiO-2-based sensor to 100 μL·L^-1 triethylamine (TEA) gas at 220 ℃ reached 70.6, which were 6.1 times higher than that of the pure ZnSnO₃ based sensor. The findings demonstrate that ZnSnO₃/NiO heterostructures exhibited not only short response and recovery times (1 s/18 s) but also good gas selectivity, repeatability, and long-term stability. The enhanced sensing mechanism has been investigated in detail.

聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(PNIPAm)交联温敏纳米纤维膜作为一种相变温度易于控制的新兴响应性材料，克服了传统PNIPAm块状水凝胶的生产成本高、响应速率慢和PNIPAm非交联温敏纳米纤维耐水性差的缺点，受到广泛研究并应用于智能开关、温度致动器、水油分离、药物、细胞控制释放和伤口敷料等领域。形貌稳定性和快速响应性是温敏纳米纤维膜在重复体积变化过程中最大的挑战，同时也作为评价PNIPAm温敏纳米纤维膜的实用性最重要指标引起了人们广泛的关注。本文全面综述了PNIPAm温敏纳米纤维膜近二十年来国内外的突破性进展和非交联作用下PNIPAm温敏纳米纤维膜的形貌变化和响应性，重点综合分析了物理和化学交联中交联反应类型、交联度、交联时间和交联分子量对PNIPAm温敏纳米纤维膜的形貌稳定性和响应行为的影响，为之后纤维膜的交联处理提供了理论支持，并对PNIPAm温敏纳米纤维膜的发展及应用前景进行了展望。

Herein, an FMS/CC composite was successfully fabricated by depositing FeMoS₄ onto a pristine carbon fiber cloth (CC) substrate via a facile two-step hydrothermal method. The amorphous nature of the FMS/CC composite endows it with abundant catalytically active sites, thereby accelerating the reduction of I₃^-. More importantly, the dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) prepared by scraping it on flexible titanium mesh with low resistance had low series resistance (R_s). Electrochemical characterizations revealed that the DSSCs employing the FMS/CC counter electrode achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of ca. 9.51% (surpassing the ca. 8.15% efficiency of the Pt counter electrode), open-circuit voltage (V_oc) of ca. 0.79 V, short-circuit current density (J_sc) of ca. 18.31 mA·cm^-2, and fill factor (FF) of ca. 0.65. Moreover, after 100 times of cyclic voltammetry (CV) test, the CV curve remainedunchanged, indicating the excellent stability of FMS/CC in the electrolyte containing I^3-/I^-.

采用一步溶剂热法在泡沫镍(NF)基底上原位生长Cu/α-FeOOH纳米复合材料，制备了自支撑Cu/α-FeOOH/NF催化剂。相比于α-FeOOH/NF催化剂，Cu的引入为α-FeOOH的生长提供了更多的附着点，使得催化剂表面更加粗糙，并增大了催化剂与反应物的接触面积。Cu和无定形的α-FeOOH之间存在晶态和非晶态的异质界面，改变了催化剂的电子结构，促进电子从Ni、Fe向Cu转移，从而显著增强了催化剂对甲醇的吸附和氧化。电化学测试表明，Cu/α-FeOOH/NF催化剂具有优异的甲醇氧化反应(MOR)和析氢反应(HER)性能。在Cu/α-FeOOH/NF催化剂同时作为阴极、阳极的Cu/α-FeOOH/NF||Cu/α-FeOOH/NF HER-MOR耦合电解水系统中，达到10 mA·cm^-2电流密度所需的电压比直接全水解系统降低了125 mV，且在较大电压(2.4 V)下能够稳定反应96 h。此外，阳极MOR产生了价值更高的甲酸盐，1.80 V下生成甲酸盐的法拉第效率高达97%。

In this study, a self-calibrating near-infrared fluorescence probe was designed and synthesized based on the dual-fluorophore strategy utilizing methylene blue and coumarin. The probe utilized methylene blue (emission spectrum range: 640-740 nm) and coumarin fluorophore (emission spectrum range: 440-600 nm) as signal output units, thereby achieving effective spectral separation and highly selective detection of HClO. Under physiological pH conditions, HClO triggers an oxidation-cleavage reaction, releasing methylene blue and coumarin, which emit distinct red and green fluorescence, respectively. This dualemission feature enabled rapid HClO detection with two-channel detection limits of 25.13 nmol·L^-1 (green channel) and 31.55 nmol·L^-1 (red channel). Furthermore, in cell imaging experiments, this probe demonstrated excellent cell membrane permeability and low cytotoxicity, successfully enabling the monitoring of both endogenous and exogenous HClO in living cells. By incorporating a two-channel self-calibration system, the probe effectively mitigated signal variations caused by instrumental or environmental interference, substantially improving detection sensitivity and reliability.

以过硫酸铵引发吡咯单体原位聚合形成的三维多孔气凝胶为载体，以二茂铁为金属前驱体，在氩气气氛下通过高温热解法制备出系列不同铁负载量的Fe/N/C催化剂。结果表明，基于气凝胶载体制备的催化剂在酸性介质中展现出优异的氧还原反应(ORR)活性及稳定性。当二茂铁载量为12 mg时制得的催化剂性能最佳，其半波电位达0.691 V(vs RHE)，平均电子转移数为3.97，表明反应过程接近理想的四电子路径。另外，该催化剂经10 000圈循环伏安测试后，半波电位仅衰减11 mV，展现出较好的电化学耐久性。

首先采用水热法在碳布(CC)上生长了Ni掺杂WO₃纳米线(Ni-WO₃ NWs/CC)，然后利用高真空固相磷化法将其磷化，得到CC表面生长Ni掺杂WP₂纳米线复合材料(Ni-WP₂ NWs/CC)。研究其电催化析氢性能发现，Ni掺杂能够有效降低电催化析氢反应中的过电位。其中，当Ni、W物质的量之比为10%时制备得到的10%Ni-WP₂ NWs/CC表现出最佳的催化性能。在碱性条件下，当电流密度为10和100 mA·cm^-2时，10%Ni-WP₂ NWs/CC所需的过电位分别为115和190 mV。经过Ni掺杂后，10%Ni-WP₂ NWs/CC的电化学活性表面积明显增加。此外，在长时间的电催化条件下，该催化剂依然能保持良好的工作稳定性。

面向化学类(非高分子)专业的高分子化学实验教学发展较为缓慢，亟需紧跟研究前沿，引入新内容。本文总结了近十年的教学改革经验，并以温敏型高分子的制备、溶液性质、光学性能与应用为例，介绍如何通过实验教学内容、实验技术、教学方法等方面的创新，设计符合理科人才培养需求的、契合时代与科学发展的、被学生喜爱与重视的一系列高分子化学实验，以有效解决培养需求与课业负担之间的矛盾，且在不新增开课、课时有限的情况下，加入到化学类专业本科教学体系中，激发学生对学科领域的兴趣，提升学生的探究和创新能力。

培养能够开展科学仪器原理创新、设计制造、应用开发的高端人才已成为建设人才强国、科技强国的必然要求。本案例在本科实验中引入我国科学家自主研制的教学质谱仪，采用学生亲自动手拆装、调试及应用的方式，深化学生对质谱仪工作原理、构造和相关分析方法的认识，破除对“高端仪器”的神秘感和畏难情绪，激发学生研制科学仪器的兴趣，培养敢于挑战自我、勇于自主创新的意志品质，坚定科技报国、服务国家的家国情怀。

本实验通过碳布担载PtBi自支撑电极的制备、表征及电氧化应用，促进“科教融合”，实现创新型人才培养。通过该实验，学生既能更好地理解物理化学中电化学装置和能量转化的内容以及催化剂性能评价指标，激发学生的科研兴趣，又能掌握纳米材料的制备、表征、电化学测试等基本实验技能，培养学生的科学素养，提高学生利用电化学及动力学内容分析性能数据、理解电氧化反应过程及电极过程的能力。