本文介绍了一种污水处理方法——光催化-非均相芬顿耦合技术，引导学生以光芬顿降解罗丹明B作为研究对象。采用原位离子交换反应制备硫化FeOCl (FeS/FeOCl)异质结催化剂，表征其结构、形貌和光学性质，并探究其光芬顿降解罗丹明B的性能。该实验易于操作，现象明显，有助于提高本科生的实验操作技能，培养科研能力，并增强环保意识。

采用原位聚合法制备了氯氧化铋(BiOCl)与聚苯胺(PANI)复合的Ⅱ型异质结光催化剂BiOCl/PANI，并采用X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、紫外可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)和N2吸附-脱附测试等多种技术手段对其进行了表征，考察了BiOCl/PANI在模拟可见光下对罗丹明B (RhB)的光催化降解性能。实验结果表明：BiOCl/PANI催化剂比PANI和BiOCl具有更高的光催化活性，在RhB质量浓度为50 mg·L^-1、PANI与BiOCl的物质的量之比为0.02∶1、50 mg·L^-1的催化剂条件下，所制备的BiOCl/PANI光催化150 min后，RhB降解率为98.8%，速率常数为0.031 min^-1；经过4次循环实验后，RhB降解率从98.8%降低至98.4%，表现出良好的稳定性和可重复利用性。光催化剂BiOCl/PANI实现了电子和空穴对的快速分离，降低了二者在催化剂内部的复合速率，提高了光催化性能。

仪器分析实验“分子荧光法测定罗丹明B的含量”存在实验过于简单、未考虑实际情况等问题。因此，本改进实验在三维荧光扫描模式下获取样本数据，不进行复杂预处理，而是运用化学计量学算法解析出目标分析物的纯信号，进而实现了染色辣椒中罗丹明6G和123的同时测定。本改进实验提高了学生全面考虑问题和创新解决问题的能力。

A simple two-step hydrothermal method synthesized four different CdS/Fe₃O₄ photocatalysts with varying ratios of mass of CdS to Fe₃O₄. The composition and morphology of the prepared samples were investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Solid UV reflectance spectra testing found that CdS/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposites had good light absorption throughout the spectral range, promoting their photocatalytic properties. Under visible light irradiation, CdS/Fe₃O₄ (2:5) with a mass ratio of 2:5 exhibited excellent photocatalytic performance, with a degradation rate of 98.8% for rhodamine B. Furthermore, after five cycles of photocatalytic degradation reaction, the rhodamine B degradation rate remained at 96.2%, indicating that the photocatalysts have good photocatalytic stability.

A flower-like BiOBr photocatalyst (CS/BiOBr) was prepared by using the carbon material derived from corn straw (CS) as the carrier. The prepared composites were characterized by X - ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FIIR) spectra, scanning electron microscope (SEM), X - ray photoelectron spectra (XPS), and UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-Vis DRS). The SEM analyses indicate that the introduction of CS promotes the formation of a unique flower-like structure in BiOBr, which not only optimizes the efficiency of light capture but also increases the specific surface area of BiOBr. The bandgap of the composite was narrower compared with the pure BiOBr. The CS/BiOBr composites exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than pure CS and BiOBr under visible light irradiation, and a higher first-order reaction rate constant (k) of 0.043 7 min^-1 than BiOBr (0.014 6 min^-1), and exhibited excellent stability and reusability during the cyclic run. The enhanced photocatalytic activity is attributed to the efficient separation of photoinduced electrons and holes. Superoxide radicals and holes were the major active species.

Bi₂O₃@BiVO₄ composites were synthesized using the solvothermal method with ethylene glycol as the solvent. Bi₂O₃ was grown on the surface of BiVO₄ by regulating the reaction temperature. The adsorption performance of the composite for rhodamine B (RhB) was investigated. The results indicate that the reaction temperature significantly impacts the morphology and adsorption performance of Bi₂O₃@BiVO₄. The Bi₂O₃@BiVO₄ composite prepared at 180 ℃ (180-BO@BVO) consisted of nanoparticles with an average size of 7 nm, featuring a higher concentration of oxygen vacancies on the surface, but with a lower specific surface area (only 1.2 m²·g^-1). 180-BO@BVO, with oxygen species adsorbed at surface oxygen vacancies carrying a negative charge, achieved an impressive RhB removal efficiency of up to 83.0% through electrostatic interaction with RhB. The adsorption process follows the Langmuir isotherm and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model, suggesting that it is predominantly governed by chemical adsorption. After five cycles of adsorption experiments, the removal efficiency of RhB by composites remained basically unchanged (more than 80%), demonstrating excellent regeneration performance.

酸菜，又称泡菜、渍菜，是一种传统的发酵食品，因具有独特的风味和丰富的营养价值受到广大消费者的喜爱。本文将以第一人称的方式讲述酸菜的成分、口感、制备工艺以及其中蕴含的化学原理，文中还谈及食用酸菜对人体的影响以及食用建议，旨在宣传中国传统美食文化和发酵这一传统工艺,提升人们的食品安全意识和健康饮食观念，培养学生的科学素养和实践能力，让更多的人了解化学、热爱化学。

磁粒子成像(MPI)作为一项新兴的分子影像技术，凭借独特的成像原理，高空间灵敏度，无电离辐射安全性，以及高时间分辨成像等特点，在临床前医学应用尤其在干细胞追踪和免疫治疗上展现出巨大的发展潜力。本文以第一人称的视角，向读者介绍MPI的发展历程、技术原理、临床前应用进展以及面临的挑战与未来展望，旨在向读者全面呈现这一科技新起之秀在医学领域的重要价值和发展前景。

围绕以学生发展为中心的创新人才培养目标，我们在多年持续教改和探索基础上，提出了“综合+探究”式、模块化分析化学实验教学。要求学生在完成既定的综合实验基础上，针对实验过程中发现的问题，自主设计探究方案，进行个性化实验探究；同时，将研究生组会研讨模式融入到本科生实验教学中，增设方案答辩环节，实现“一生一方案”的教学。该教学方法实施以来，成效显著，不仅激发了学生学习兴趣和实验潜能，锻炼了实验思维和知识运用能力等综合实践能力，而且开启了对求异思辨、创新能力的培养，教学模式得到普遍欢迎和首肯。

肉桂酸是一种重要的有机合成中间体以及精细化工原料，广泛应用于多个领域。肉桂酸制备是本科生有机化学实验教学中的重要内容之一，常按照经典的以苯甲醛和乙酸酐为原料、醋酸钾/碳酸钾为催化剂的Perkin反应来进行。本文提出了一种新的方法——Aldol缩合-水解法，用于制备反式肉桂酸。该法以苯甲醛、乙酸乙酯和叔丁醇钾为原料进行反应，再以“一锅”的方式依次进行蒸馏、加碱水解、蒸馏和酸化即得反式肉桂酸纯品，具有原料/试剂廉价易得、用量少、实验装置简单、能耗小、操作便捷、产率高、耗时较短和环境污染小等优点，非常值得推荐用于本科生实验教学，更有利于对学生在掌握多方面基础理论知识和实验技能的同时，拓展便捷高效合成有机物的创新思维和提高节能环保意识等综合素质的培养。