English

Preparation of Reduced Pt-Based Catalysts with High Dispersion and Their Catalytic Performances for NO Oxidation

• Xinmei Ding ^1, ,
• Yanli Liang ^2, ,
• Hailong Zhang ^3, ,
• Ming Zhao ^{1, ,} ,
• Jianli Wang ^{1, ,} ,
• Yaoqiang Chen ^1,

• 1.

  Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry & Technology of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China

• 2.

  State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering of China (Sichuan University), Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China

• 3.

  Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian Province, China

Corresponding author: Ming Zhao, zhaoming@scu.edu.cn Jianli Wang, wangjianli@scu.edu.cn

• Received Date: 05 May 2020
  Accepted Date: 16 June 2020
  Revised Date: 03 June 2020
  Available Online: 15 April 2022
• Fund Project:

Abstract: Pt-based catalysts are widely used in diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) units, primarily to oxidize the harmful HC, CO, and NO emissions. Notably, NO₂ produced from NO oxidation is beneficial for low-temperature activity in NH₃-SCR and promotes soot oxidation in diesel particulate filters (DPF). Thus, the conversion of NO is an important parameter for determining the performance of DOCs. Considering the increasingly stringent emission regulations and the economic effectiveness, preparation of low-cost and highly active Pt-based catalysts is indispensable. Generally, the Pt⁰ content is crucial as it is an active component of DOCs. Small Pt size is beneficial for improving the catalytic activity. In this study, we applied a modified alcohol reduction-impregnation (MARI) method to synthesize highly active 1% (w, mass fraction) Pt/SiO₂-Al₂O₃ (denoted as MA-Pt/SA) catalyst. Meanwhile, using the conventional impregnation method, we prepared the Pt/SiO₂-Al₂O₃ catalyst with the same Pt loading (denoted as C-Pt/SA) as a reference sample. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and hydrogen temperature program reduction (H₂-TPR) analyses proved that the MARI method could produce Pt catalysts with higher Pt⁰ content. Pt⁰ content in MA-Pt/SA was ~60.3% while that in C-Pt/SA was only ~23.1%. X-ray diffraction (XRD), CO-diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (CO-DRIFTS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) characterization confirmed that the Pt particle size is much smaller over MA-Pt/SA as compared to that over C-Pt/SA. Performance evaluation of MA-Pt/SA and C-Pt/SA was conducted in a simulated diesel atmosphere. The results showed that the maximum NO conversion into NO₂ over MA-Pt/SA is 74% and 68% in the absence and presence of H₂O, respectively, which were much higher than those over C-Pt/SA (42% and 51% NO conversion with and without H₂O, respectively). Furthermore, the temperature for 30% NO conversion over MA-Pt/SA (218 ℃) markedly decreased as compared to that over C-Pt/SA (248 ℃), indicating the excellent low temperature activity. After the aging treatment with reaction gas at high temperatures, aged MA-Pt/SA maintained 69% NO conversion while aged C-Pt/SA showed only 41% NO conversion. In addition, in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) of NO + O₂ co-adsorption suggested that higher Pt dispersion and higher Pt⁰ content over MA-Pt/SA could facilitate the formation of bridging nitrates as intermediate species in NO oxidation at lower temperatures and could also facilitate their rapid decomposition (or desorption) at higher temperatures, thus imparting a high catalytic activity. Furthermore, a decrease in the Pt loading to 0.5% (w) resulted in a maximum NO conversion of 64% via the MARI method, suggesting a higher catalytic activity compared to that of C-Pt/SA with 1% (w) Pt loading. This work provides a method to prepare highly active Pt-based catalysts with low noble loading.

Key words:
• DOC
•  /  Modified alcohol reduction-impregnation method
•  /  NO oxidation
•  /  High-performing Pt catalyst
•  /  Low Pt loading

• 1. [1]

     Russell, A.; Epling, W. S. Catal. Rev. 2011, 53, 337. doi: 10.1080/01614940.2011.596429

  2. [2]

     Johnson, T.; Joshi, A. SAE Int. Eng. 2018, 11, 1307. doi: 10.4271/2018-01-0329

  3. [3]

     Koebel, M.; Elsener, M.; Kleemann, M. Catal. Today 2000, 59, 335. doi: 10.1016/S0920-5861(00)00299-6

  4. [4]

     Madia, G.; Koebel, M.; Elsener, M.; Wokaun, A. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2002, 41, 3512. doi: 10.1021/ie0200555

  5. [5]

     Andersson, J.; Antonsson, M.; Eurenius, L.; Olsson, E. Appl. Catal. B 2007, 72, 71. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2006.10.011

  6. [6]

     Winkler, A.; Ferri, D.; Aguirre, M. Appl. Catal. B 2009, 93, 177. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2009.09.027

  7. [7]

     Liang, Y.; Ding, X.; Zhao, M.; Wang, J.; Chen, Y. Appl. Surf. Sci. 2018, 443, 336. doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2018.03.032

  8. [8]

     Després, J.; Elsener, M.; Koebel, M.; Kröcher, O.; Schnyder, B.; Wokaun, A. Appl. Catal. B 2004, 50, 73. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2003.12.020

  9. [9]

     Wang, H. F.; Guo, Y. L.; Lu, G.; Hu, P. J. Phys. Chem. C 2009, 113, 18746. doi: 10.1021/jp904371f

  10. [10]

      Teranishi, T.; Hosoe, M.; Tanaka, T.; Miyake, M. J. Phys. Chem. B 1999, 103, 3818. doi: 10.1021/jp983478m

  11. [11]

      Wang, X.; Sonström, P.; Arndt, D.; Stöver, J.; Zielasek, V.; Borchert, H.; Thiel, K.; Al-Shamery, K.; Bäumer, M. J. Catal. 2011, 278, 143. doi: 10.1016/j.jcat.2010.11.020

  12. [12]

      Xiong, Y.; Washio, I.; Chen, J.; Cai, H.; Li, Z. Y.; Xia, Y. Langmuir 2006, 22, 8563. doi: 10.1021/la061323x

  13. [13]

      Moon, S. Y.; Naik, B.; Jung, C. H.; Qadir, K.; Park, J. Y. Catal. Today 2016, 265, 245. doi: 10.1016/j.cattod.2015.08.036

  14. [14]

      Rioux, R. M.; Song, H.; Hoefelmeyer, J. D.; Yang, P.; Somorjai, G. A. J. Phys. Chem. B 2005, 109, 2192. doi: 10.1021/jp048867x

  15. [15]

      Song, H.; Kim, F.; Connor, S.; Somorjai, G. A.; Yang, P. J. Phys. Chem. B 2005, 109, 188. doi: 10.1021/jp0464775

  16. [16]

      Yuan, W.; Ren, J.; Kai, D.; Gui, L.; Tang, Y. Chem. Mater. 2000, 12, 1622. doi: 10.1021/cm0000853

  17. [17]

      Zhao, S.; Liang, H.; Zhou, Y. Catal. Commun. 2007, 8, 1305. doi: 10.1016/j.catcom.2006.11.033

  18. [18]

      Du, Y. K.; Yang, P.; Mou, Z. G.; Hua, N. P.; Jiang, L. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2006, 99, 23. doi: 10.1002/app.21886

  19. [19]

      Zawadzki, M.; Okal, J. Mater. Res. Bull. 2008, 43, 3111. doi: 10.1016/j.materresbull.2007.11.006

  20. [20]

      Krier, J. M.; Michalak, W. D.; Cai, X.; Carl, L.; Komvopoulos, K.; Somorjai, G. A. Nano Lett. 2015, 15, 39. doi: 10.1021/nl502566b

  21. [21]

      Susut, C.; Chen, D. J.; Sun, S. G.; Tong, Y. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2011, 13, 7467. doi: 10.1039/C1CP20164F

  22. [22]

      Koo, I. G.; Lee, M. S.; Shim, J. H.; Ahn, J. H.; Lee, W. M. J. Mater. Chem. 2005, 15, 4125. doi: 10.1039/B508420B

  23. [23]

      Tu, W.; Liu, H. J. Mater. Chem. 2000, 10, 2207. doi: 10.1039/B002232M

  24. [24]

      Tian, Z. Q.; Jiang, S. P.; Liu, Z.; Li, L. Electrochem. Commun. 2007, 9, 1613. doi: 10.1016/j.elecom.2007.03.006

  25. [25]

      Lemus, J.; Bedia, J.; Calvo, L.; Simakova, I. L.; Murzin, D. Y.; Etzold, B. J. M.; Rodriguez, J. J.; Gilarranz, M. A. Catal. Sci. Technol. 2016, 6, 5196. doi: 10.1039/C6CY00403B

  26. [26]

      Koczkur, K. M.; Mourdikoudis, S.; Polavarapu, L.; Skrabalak, S. E. Dalton Trans. 2015, 44, 17883. doi: 10.1039/C5DT02964C

  27. [27]

      Luo, M.; Hong, Y.; Yao, W.; Huang, C.; Xu, Q.; Wu, Q. J. Mater. Chem. A 2015, 3, 2770. doi: 10.1039/C4TA05250A

  28. [28]

      Ruiz-García, C.; Heras, F.; Calvo, L.; Alonso-Morales, N.; Rodriguez, J. J.; Gilarranz, M. A. Appl. Catal. B 2018, 238, 609. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2018.07.054

  29. [29]

      Ma, J.; Sun, H.; Su, F.; Chen, Y.; Tang, Y.; Lu, T.; Zheng, J. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy 2011, 36, 7265. doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.02.142

  30. [30]

      Wang, Y.; Ren, J.; Deng, K.; Gui, L.; Tang, Y. Chem. Mater. 2000, 12, 1622. doi: 10.1021/cm0000853

  31. [31]

      Peng, R.; Li, S.; Sun, X.; Ren, Q.; Chen, L.; Fu, M.; Wu, J.; Ye, D. Appl. Catal. B 2018, 220, 462. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2017.07.048

  32. [32]

      Olsson, L.; Persson, H.; Fridell, E.; Skoglundh, M.; Andersson, B. J. Phys. Chem. B 2001, 105, 6895. doi: 10.1021/jp010324p

  33. [33]

      Hauff, K.; Tuttlies, U.; Eigenberger, G.; Nieken, U. Appl. Catal. B 2012, 123-124, 107. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2012.04.008

  34. [34]

      Yu, Q.; Richter, M.; Kong, F.; Li, L.; Wu, G.; Guan, N. Catal. Today 2010, 158, 452. doi: 10.1016/j.cattod.2010.06.031

  35. [35]

      Hatanaka, M.; Takahashi, N.; Takahashi, N.; Tanabe, T.; Nagai, Y.; Suda, A.; Shinjoh, H. J. Catal. 2009, 266, 182. doi: 10.1016/j.jcat.2009.06.005

  36. [36]

      Belopukhov, E. A.; Paukshtis, E. A.; Shkurenok, V. A.; Smolikov, M. D.; Belyi, A. S. Procedia Eng. 2015, 113, 19. doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2015.07.281

  37. [37]

      Wu, Y.; Wang, D.; Li, Y. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2014, 43, 2112. doi: 10.1039/C3CS60221D

  38. [38]

      Erdemir, D.; Lee, A. Y.; Myerson, A. S. Acc. Chem. Res. 2009, 42, 621. doi: 10.1021/ar800217x

  39. [39]

      Susut, C.; Nguyen, T. D.; Chapman, G. B.; Tong, Y. Electrochim. Acta 2008, 53, 6135. doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2007.12.016

  40. [40]

      Borodko, Y.; Humphrey, S. M.; Tilley, T. D.; Frei, H.; Somorjai, G. A. J. Phys. Chem. C 2007, 111, 6288. doi: 10.1021/jp068742n

  41. [41]

      Hansen, T. W.; Delariva, A. T.; Challa, S. R.; Datye, A. K. Acc. Chem. Res. 2013, 46, 1720. doi: 10.1021/ar3002427

  42. [42]

      Yang, Z.; Li, J.; Zhang, H.; Yang, Y.; Gong, M.; Chen, Y. Catal. Sci. Technol. 2015, 5, 2358. doi: 10.1039/C4CY01384K

  43. [43]

      Liang, Y.; Ou, C.; Hao, Z.; Ding, X.; Ming, Z.; Wang, J.; Chen, Y. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2018, 57, 3887. doi: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b05316

  44. [44]

      Ji, Y.; Bai, S.; Crocker, M. Appl. Catal. B 2015, 170-171, 283. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2015.01.025

  45. [45]

      Fridell, E.; Persson, H.; Westerberg, B.; Olsson, L.; Skoglundh, M. Catal. Lett. 2000, 66, 71. doi: 10.1023/A:1019074901578

  46. [46]

      Ji, Y.; Toops, T. J.; Graham, U. M.; Jacobs, G.; Crocker, M. Catal. Lett. 2006, 110, 29. doi: 10.1007/s10562-006-0100-4

  47. [47]

      Castoldi, L.; Lietti, L.; Forzatti, P.; Morandi, S.; Ghiotti, G.; Vindigni, F. J. Catal. 2010, 276, 335. doi: 10.1016/j.jcat.2010.09.026

  48. [48]

      Li, L.; Shen, Q.; Cheng, J.; Hao, Z. Catal. Today 2010, 158, 361. doi: 10.1016/j.cattod.2010.04.038

  49. [49]

      Zhang, T.; Li, H.; Yang, Z.; Cao, F.; Li, L.; Chen, H.; Liu, H.; Xiong, K.; Wu, J.; Hong, Z.; et al. Appl. Catal. B 2019, 247, 133. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2019.02.005

•