碳点在先进电池电解质中的应用

引用本文: 张英豪, 刘华新, 丁涵睿, 郑智, 邓文韬, 邹国强, 徐来强, 侯红帅, 纪效波. 碳点在先进电池电解质中的应用[J]. 物理化学学报, 2026, 42(3): 100170. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100170 shu

Citation: Yinghao Zhang, Huaxin Liu, Hanrui Ding, Zhi Zheng, Wentao Deng, Guoqiang Zou, Laiqiang Xu, Hongshuai Hou, Xiaobo Ji. The application of carbon dots in electrolytes of advanced batteries[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2026, 42(3): 100170. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100170 shu

碳点在先进电池电解质中的应用

张英豪 ^1, ,
刘华新 ^1, ,
丁涵睿 ^1, ,
郑智 ^1, ,
邓文韬 ^1, ,
邹国强 ^1, ,
徐来强 ^{2,
,} ,
侯红帅 ^{1,
,} ,
纪效波 ^1,

1.
中南大学, 化学化工学院, 湖南长沙 410083;
2.
长沙理工大学, 能源与动力工程学院, 湖南长沙 410114

通讯作者: 徐来强,Email:lq-xu@csust.edu.cn; 侯红帅,Email:hs-hou@csu.edu.cn

基金项目:
国家自然科学基金(22379165, 52325405, U21A20284, U22B2069)资助项目

摘要: 锂离子电池等二次电池顺应可再生能源发展需求，在储能与日常生活中应用日益广泛。当前，电池在追求高比能与高安全性过程中受限于电解质本体及界面反应，因而调控电解质与界面是突破瓶颈、发展下一代电池的关键。作为一种新兴的纳米材料，碳点(CDs)丰富的表面官能团和可掺杂位点使其能够通过表面化学设计同时调控本体离子动力学和界面稳定性，在应对电解质关键难题方面展现出巨大潜力。本文系统综述了功能化碳点在锂/钠/锌离子电池电解质中的前沿应用，介绍了碳点的结构特性、分类及合成方法，总结了其在液态电解质添加剂、固态电解质填料及固态复合电解质界面调控等方面的多重角色，并重点剖析了碳点在调控离子沉积、构筑功能化界面层及优化电解质微环境的作用机制。最后，展望了碳点在电解质工程中面临的挑战和未来的发展方向，为高比能、高安全电池体系的设计提供新思路与理论支撑。

关键词:

English

The application of carbon dots in electrolytes of advanced batteries

1.
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan Province, China;
2.
College of Energy and Power Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, Hunan Province, China

Corresponding author: Laiqiang Xu, ; Hongshuai Hou,

Received Date: 29 June 2025
Accepted Date: 19 August 2025
Revised Date: 16 August 2025

Abstract: In response to the growing demand for renewable energy, rechargeable batteries, such as lithium-ion batteries, are finding increasingly widespread applications in energy storage and daily life. Currently, the pursuit of batteries with high specific energy and enhanced safety is constrained by limitations in the electrolyte bulk and interfacial reactions. Consequently, modulating the electrolyte and its interphases is key to overcoming current bottlenecks and developing next-generation batteries. As an emerging nanomaterial, the rich surface functional groups and dopable sites of carbon dots (CDs) enable them to simultaneously regulate bulk ion dynamics and interface stability through surface chemistry design, showcasing immense potential in addressing the critical challenges in electrolytes. This review systematically summarizes the cutting-edge applications of CDs in electrolytes for lithium-ion, sodium-ion, and zinc-ion batteries. It introduces the structural characteristics, classification, and synthesis methods of CDs, and outlines their multifaceted roles as additives in liquid electrolytes, fillers in solid-state electrolytes, and interfacial regulators for solid composite electrolytes. A special focus is placed on elucidating the mechanisms of CDs in regulating ion deposition, constructing functionalized interfacial layers, and optimizing the electrolyte microenvironment. Finally, this review discusses the challenges and future outlook for CDs in electrolyte engineering, aiming to provide new perspectives and theoretical support for the design of battery systems with high specific energy and high safety.

Key words:

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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

碳点在先进电池电解质中的应用

通讯作者: 徐来强,Email:lq-xu@csust.edu.cn; 侯红帅,Email:hs-hou@csu.edu.cn

English

The application of carbon dots in electrolytes of advanced batteries

Corresponding author: Laiqiang Xu, ; Hongshuai Hou,

CCS Chemistry：嵌段共聚物自组装成 “三明治”二维有机材料，实现纳米级压力传感功能

CCS Chemistry：颜徐州、鲍哲南：你的皮肤可能是一片SPMs

CCS Chemistry：工作高效不疲劳，只须让催化剂动起来

CCS Chemistry：静电组装导向聚合- 聚电解质纳米凝胶量化制备新策略

CCS Chemistry：金黄色葡萄球菌醛基脱氢酶是如何识别特异性底物的？

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

中国化学会秘书处

碳点在先进电池电解质中的应用

通讯作者: 徐来强,Email:lq-xu@csust.edu.cn; 侯红帅,Email:hs-hou@csu.edu.cn

English

The application of carbon dots in electrolytes of advanced batteries

Corresponding author: Laiqiang Xu, ; Hongshuai Hou,

CCS Chemistry：嵌段共聚物自组装成 “三明治”二维有机材料，实现纳米级压力传感功能

CCS Chemistry：颜徐州、鲍哲南： 你的皮肤可能是一片SPMs

CCS Chemistry：工作高效不疲劳，只须让催化剂动起来

CCS Chemistry：静电组装导向聚合- 聚电解质纳米凝胶量化制备新策略

CCS Chemistry：金黄色葡萄球菌醛基脱氢酶是如何识别特异性底物的？

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

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