在化学合成、分析测定实验过程中，溶液pH是影响实验结果的重要因素之一。熟练掌握测定溶液pH的方法，是高校化学类专业学生必须掌握的基本实验技能。本文主要介绍了pH试纸及其他试纸和pH计的工作原理及使用方法，并对测定过程中的具体操作提出规范建议。

左旋肉碱，细胞城的“能量使者”，负责将长链脂肪酸送入线粒体进行β-氧化，释放能量。本文拟人化地描绘了其生物合成、组织分布、运输机制及在脂肪酸代谢中的关键作用，强调其在促进减肥和健康改善中的重要性，旨在普及左旋肉碱的科学知识，提升公众对其重要性的认识。

In this study, ZnSnO₃/NiO heterostructures were synthesized using a co-precipitation method followed by an annealing process. The gas-sensitive characteristics of the sensors based on these samples were evaluated. The results indicate that the sensor performance was optimized when the molar ratio of Ni to Zn was 1∶2. Specifically, the response values of the ZnSnO₃/NiO-2-based sensor to 100 μL·L^-1 triethylamine (TEA) gas at 220 ℃ reached 70.6, which were 6.1 times higher than that of the pure ZnSnO₃ based sensor. The findings demonstrate that ZnSnO₃/NiO heterostructures exhibited not only short response and recovery times (1 s/18 s) but also good gas selectivity, repeatability, and long-term stability. The enhanced sensing mechanism has been investigated in detail.

病毒一直是人类生存和发展的重大威胁，近年来新冠肺炎疫情更是直观地凸显了病毒的危害性。小分子药物在人类抗击疾病的历史中扮演着重要的角色。在对抗病毒的过程中，人类发展出一系列防治手段，其中小分子抗病毒药物占据着重要地位。本文借鉴中国古代经典军事策略“三十六计”的智慧，简要回顾了小分子抗病毒药物的发展历程，并着重介绍了碘苷、沙奎那韦、奥司他韦等代表性药物的设计思路与作用原理。此外，本文还展望了小分子抗病毒药物及抗病毒手段未来的发展方向。

聚N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(PNIPAm)交联温敏纳米纤维膜作为一种相变温度易于控制的新兴响应性材料，克服了传统PNIPAm块状水凝胶的生产成本高、响应速率慢和PNIPAm非交联温敏纳米纤维耐水性差的缺点，受到广泛研究并应用于智能开关、温度致动器、水油分离、药物、细胞控制释放和伤口敷料等领域。形貌稳定性和快速响应性是温敏纳米纤维膜在重复体积变化过程中最大的挑战，同时也作为评价PNIPAm温敏纳米纤维膜的实用性最重要指标引起了人们广泛的关注。本文全面综述了PNIPAm温敏纳米纤维膜近二十年来国内外的突破性进展和非交联作用下PNIPAm温敏纳米纤维膜的形貌变化和响应性，重点综合分析了物理和化学交联中交联反应类型、交联度、交联时间和交联分子量对PNIPAm温敏纳米纤维膜的形貌稳定性和响应行为的影响，为之后纤维膜的交联处理提供了理论支持，并对PNIPAm温敏纳米纤维膜的发展及应用前景进行了展望。

Luminescence thermometry has attracted more and more attention due to its non-contact and noninvasive operation, fast response, high spatial resolution, and so on, for which the luminescent thermometers are the key. Here, a 1D complex [Tb₄(HTC4A)(TC4A)(OBBA)₂(CH₃OH)₄(μ₄-OH)]_n (1) was obtained by solvothermal synthesis, where H₄TC4A=p-tert-butylthiacalix^[4]arene, and H₂OBBA=4, 4′-oxybisbenzoic acid. This complex is featured with a chain-like polymer constructed by bridging some sandwich-like Tb₄-(TC4A)₂ entities through OBBA^2- ligands. It exhibited the characteristic emission of the Tb³⁺ ion. Both fluorescence intensity and lifetime decreased with increasing temperature. The relative sensitivity was up to 8.743%·K^-1 at 473 K, indicating it is a good ratiometric luminescent thermometer. This complex had good stability under different pH values and in common solvents.

Herein, an FMS/CC composite was successfully fabricated by depositing FeMoS₄ onto a pristine carbon fiber cloth (CC) substrate via a facile two-step hydrothermal method. The amorphous nature of the FMS/CC composite endows it with abundant catalytically active sites, thereby accelerating the reduction of I₃^-. More importantly, the dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) prepared by scraping it on flexible titanium mesh with low resistance had low series resistance (R_s). Electrochemical characterizations revealed that the DSSCs employing the FMS/CC counter electrode achieved a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of ca. 9.51% (surpassing the ca. 8.15% efficiency of the Pt counter electrode), open-circuit voltage (V_oc) of ca. 0.79 V, short-circuit current density (J_sc) of ca. 18.31 mA·cm^-2, and fill factor (FF) of ca. 0.65. Moreover, after 100 times of cyclic voltammetry (CV) test, the CV curve remainedunchanged, indicating the excellent stability of FMS/CC in the electrolyte containing I^3-/I^-.

面向化学类(非高分子)专业的高分子化学实验教学发展较为缓慢，亟需紧跟研究前沿，引入新内容。本文总结了近十年的教学改革经验，并以温敏型高分子的制备、溶液性质、光学性能与应用为例，介绍如何通过实验教学内容、实验技术、教学方法等方面的创新，设计符合理科人才培养需求的、契合时代与科学发展的、被学生喜爱与重视的一系列高分子化学实验，以有效解决培养需求与课业负担之间的矛盾，且在不新增开课、课时有限的情况下，加入到化学类专业本科教学体系中，激发学生对学科领域的兴趣，提升学生的探究和创新能力。