Abstract: Mesoporous Cr-MSU-1 was successfully prepared by using sodium silicate, chromium nitrate, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether (A(EO)9) as the source of silicone, metal and mesostructure-directing agent, respectively. Cr-MSU-1 and MSU-1 were comparatively characterized by XRD, HRTEM, N2 adsorption-desorption, FT-IR and DR UV-Vis techniques. No obvious differences on structural and textural properties between them were observed from XRD patterns and N2 adsorption-desorption isotherms. The HRTEM image confirmed that Cr-MSU-1 took on wormlike mesostructure that was similar to MSU-1. In the FT-IR patterns, the introduction of Cr showed slight influence to adsorption bands of MSU-1, which indicated that Cr was incorporated into the framework of MSU-1. It is suggested from the DR UV-Vis spectra that Cr species mostly formed Cr(VI) in tetrahedral coordination in Cr-MSU-1. The Cr-MSU-1 catalyst performs well in the dehydrogenation of ethane with CO2, resulting in the production of ethylene with a conversion of 31.7% and a selectivity of 96.1% at 650 ℃.