Citation: Yang Xinping, Wang Haichao, Tan Zhaofeng, Lu Keding, Zhang Yuanhang. Observations of OH Radical Reactivity in Field Studies[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica, ;2019, 77(7): 613-624. doi: 10.6023/A19030094 shu

Observations of OH Radical Reactivity in Field Studies

Yang Xinping ^a,b ,
Wang Haichao ^a,b ,
Tan Zhaofeng ^a,b,c ,
Lu Keding ^a,b,, ,
Zhang Yuanhang ^a,b,d,e,,

a.
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871
b.
International Joint Research Center for Atmospheric Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871
c.
Institute of Energy and Climate Research, IEK-8:Troposphere, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany 52425
d.
CAS Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021
e.
Beijing Innovation Center for Engineering Sciences and Advanced Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871

Corresponding author: Lu Keding, k.lu@pku.edu.cn Zhang Yuanhang, yhzhang@pku.edu.cn
Received Date: 21 March 2019
Available Online: 3 July 2019
Fund Project: the National Natural Science Foundation of China 91544225Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 91544225) and Integrative study on the key chemical mechanisms of the Air Pollution Complex in China (No. 91844301)Integrative study on the key chemical mechanisms of the Air Pollution Complex in China 91844301

Figures(6)

Observations of OH Radical Reactivity in Field Studies Yang, Xinpinga, b Wang, Haichaoa, b Tan, Zhaofenga, b, c Lu, Keding*, a, b Zhang, Yuanhang*, a, b, d, e (a State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871) (b International Joint Research Center for Atmospheric Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871) (c Institute of Energy and Climate Research, IEK-8:Troposphere, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany 52425) (d CAS Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021) (e Beijing Innovation Center for Engineering Sciences and Advanced Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871) Abstract The hydroxyl radical (OH) is the main source of atmospheric oxidation capacity, which oxidizes the primary pollutants into the secondary pollutants. Therefore, the measurements and characterization of source and sink of OH radical are critical to understand the formation mechanism of regional secondary pollution. However, the removal routes of OH radical still cannot be quantified accurately. OH radical reactivity can describe the OH total loss rate and the atmospheric oxidation, thus playing an important role in the OH budget analysis. The OH radical reactivity is defined as the total pseudo first-order rate coefficient for all atmospheric reactions of OH in an air parcel. It is challenging to accurately measure the OH radical reactivity due to the high activity and short life of OH radical. In this paper, we summarized all kinds of measurement techniques used in the field observations of OH radical reactivity, including Total OH Loss-rate Measurement (TOHLM), Laser flash Photolysis-Laser Induced Fluorescence (LP-LIF), Chemical Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (CIMS) and Comparative Reactivity Method (CRM). The techniques were reviewed on the aspects of measurement principles, instrument modules, and so on. Overall, LP-LIF is proposed to be the best technical approach. In addition, the measured OH radical reactivity and the major scientific findings of corresponding measurement campaigns conducted in typical tropospheric conditions as urban, forest and rural environments, etc. were outlined. The OH radical reactivity varies significantly in different conditions, ranging from less than 10 per second to hundreds. Comparison of measured OH radical reactivity and the calculated or modeling results reveals a significant missing reactivity, ranging from 20% to over 80% in some environments. Depending on the emission and pollution characteristics of the field observation sites, the sources of missing reactivity are generally attributed to the undetected or unknown organic species, i.e. primary organic species, secondary organic species or a combination of both. The accurate observation and the numerical modeling of the OH radical reactivity can provide a possibility for achieving numerical closure study of RO_x radicals. Finally, we discussed the current research difficulties and possible new directions for future studies of the OH radical reactivity.
- OH radical reactivity,
- measurement techniques,
- field observation,
- compositions of OH radical reactivity,
- missing reactivity
1. [1]
  Ehhalt, D. H. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 1999, 1, 5401. doi: 10.1039/a905097c
2. [2]
  Lu, K.-D.; Zhang, Y.-H. Prog. Chem. 2010, 22, 500(in Chinese).
3. [3]
  Hofzumahaus, A.; Aschmutat, U.; Hessling, M.; Holland, F.; Ehhalt, D. H. Geophys. Res. Lett. 1996, 23, 2541. doi: 10.1029/96GL02205
4. [4]
  Heard, D. E.; Pilling, M. J. Chem. Rev. 2003, 103, 5163. doi: 10.1021/cr020522s
5. [5]
  Hofzumahaus, A.; Rohrer, F.; Lu, K.; Bohn, B.; Brauers, T.; Chang, C.-C.; Fuchs, H.; Holland, F.; Kita, K.; Kondo, Y.; Li, X.; Lou, S.; Shao, M.; Zeng, L.; Wahner, A.; Zhang, Y. Science 2009, 324, 1702. doi: 10.1126/science.1164566
6. [6]
  Goldstein, A. H.; Galbally, I. E. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2007, 41, 1514. doi: 10.1021/es072476p
7. [7]
  Kovacs, T. A.; Brune, W. H. J. Atmos. Chem. 2001, 39, 105. doi: 10.1023/A:1010614113786
8. [8]
  Yang, Y.; Shao, M.; Wang, X.; Noelscher, A. C.; Kessel, S.; Guenther, A.; Williams, J. Atmos. Environ. 2016, 134, 147. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.03.010
9. [9]
  Mao, J.; Ren, X.; Brune, W. H.; Olson, J. R.; Crawford, J. H.; Fried, A.; Huey, L. G.; Cohen, R. C.; Heikes, B.; Singh, H. B.; Blake, D. R.; Sachse, G. W.; Diskin, G. S.; Hall, S. R.; Shetter, R. E. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2009, 9, 163. doi: 10.5194/acp-9-163-2009
10. [10]
  Fuchs, H.; Novelli, A.; Rolletter, M.; Hofzumahaus, A.; Pfannerstill, E. Y.; Kessel, S.; Edtbauer, A.; Williams, J.; Michoud, V.; Dusanter, S.; Locoge, N.; Zannoni, N.; Gros, V.; Truong, F.; Sarda-Esteve, R.; Cryer, D. R.; Brumby, C. A.; Whalley, L. K.; Stone, D.; Seakins, P. W.; Heard, D. E.; Schoemaecker, C.; Blocquet, M.; Coudert, S.; Batut, S.; Fittschen, C.; Thames, A. B.; Brune, W. H.; Ernest, C.; Harder, H.; Muller, J. B. A.; Elste, T.; Kubistin, D.; Andres, S.; Bohn, B.; Hohaus, T.; Holland, F.; Li, X.; Rohrer, F.; Kiendler-Scharr, A.; Tillmann, R.; Wegener, R.; Yu, Z.; Zou, Q.; Wahner, A. Atmos. Meas. Tech. 2017, 10, 4023. doi: 10.5194/amt-10-4023-2017
11. [11]
  Sadanaga, Y.; Yoshino, A.; Watanabe, K.; Yoshioka, A.; Wakazono, Y.; Kanaya, Y.; Kajii, Y. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 2004, 75, 2648. doi: 10.1063/1.1775311
12. [12]
  Sinha, V.; Williams, J.; Crowley, J. N.; Lelieveld, J. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2008, 8, 2213. doi: 10.5194/acp-8-2213-2008
13. [13]
  Muller, J. B. A.; Elste, T.; Plass-Duelmer, C.; Stange, G.; Holla, R.; Claude, A.; Englert, J.; Gilge, S.; Kubistin, D. Atmos. Meas. Tech. 2018, 11, 4413. doi: 10.5194/amt-11-4413-2018
14. [14]
  Ingham, T.; Goddard, A.; Whalley, L. K.; Furneaux, K. L.; Edwards, P. M.; Seal, C. P.; Self, D. E.; Johnson, G. P.; Read, K. A.; Lee, J. D.; Heard, D. E. Atmos. Meas. Tech. 2009, 2, 465. doi: 10.5194/amt-2-465-2009
15. [15]
  Hansen, R. F.; Griffith, S. M.; Dusanter, S.; Rickly, P. S.; Stevens, P. S.; Bertman, S. B.; Carroll, M. A.; Erickson, M. H.; Flynn, J. H.; Grossberg, N.; Jobson, B. T.; Lefer, B. L.; Wallace, H. W. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2014, 14, 2923. doi: 10.5194/acp-14-2923-2014
16. [16]
  Lou, S.; Holland, F.; Rohrer, F.; Lu, K.; Bohn, B.; Brauers, T.; Chang, C. C.; Fuchs, H.; Haeseler, R.; Kita, K.; Kondo, Y.; Li, X.; Shao, M.; Zeng, L.; Wahner, A.; Zhang, Y.; Wang, W.; Hofzu-mahaus, A. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2010, 10, 11243. doi: 10.5194/acp-10-11243-2010
17. [17]
  Holland, F.; Hessling, M.; Hofzumahaus, A. J. Atmos. Sci. 1995, 52, 3393. doi: 10.1175/1520-0469(1995)052<3393:ISMOTO>2.0.CO;2
18. [18]
  Lu, K. D.; Rohrer, F.; Holland, F.; Fuchs, H.; Bohn, B.; Brauers, T.; Chang, C. C.; Haeseler, R.; Hu, M.; Kita, K.; Kondo, Y.; Li, X.; Lou, S. R.; Nehr, S.; Shao, M.; Zeng, L. M.; Wahner, A.; Zhang, Y. H.; Hofzumahaus, A. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2012, 12, 1541. doi: 10.5194/acp-12-1541-2012
19. [19]
  Tan, Z.; Rohrer, F.; Lu, K.; Ma, X.; Bohn, B.; Broch, S.; Dong, H.; Fuchs, H.; Gkatzelis, G. I.; Hofzumahaus, A.; Holland, F.; Li, X.; Liu, Y.; Liu, Y.; Novelli, A.; Shao, M.; Wang, H.; Wu, Y.; Zeng, L.; Hu, M.; Kiendler-Scharr, A.; Wahner, A.; Zhang, Y. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2018, 18, 12391. doi: 10.5194/acp-18-12391-2018
20. [20]
  Berresheim, H.; Elste, T.; Plass-Dulmer, C.; Eisele, F. L.; Tanner, D. J. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 2000, 202, 91. doi: 10.1016/S1387-3806(00)00233-5
21. [21]
  Kumar, V.; Sinha, V. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 2014, 374, 55. doi: 10.1016/j.ijms.2014.10.012
22. [22]
  Noelscher, A. C.; Williams, J.; Sinha, V.; Custer, T.; Song, W.; Johnson, A. M.; Axinte, R.; Bozem, H.; Fischer, H.; Pouvesle, N.; Phillips, G.; Crowley, J. N.; Rantala, P.; Rinne, J.; Kulmala, M.; Gonzales, D.; Valverde-Canossa, J.; Vogel, A.; Hoffmann, T.; Ouwersloot, H. G.; De Arellano, J. V.-G.; Lelieveld, J. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2012, 12, 8257. doi: 10.5194/acp-12-8257-2012
23. [23]
  Williams, J.; Brune, W. Atmos. Environ. 2015, 106, 371. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.02.017
24. [24]
  Zannoni, N.; Gros, V.; Lanza, M.; Sarda, R.; Bonsang, B.; Ka-logridis, C.; Preunkert, S.; Legrand, M.; Jambert, C.; Boissard, C.; Lathiere, J. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2016, 16, 1619. doi: 10.5194/acp-16-1619-2016
25. [25]
  Hansen, R. F.; Blocquet, M.; Schoemaecker, C.; Leonardis, T.; Locoge, N.; Fittschen, C.; Hanoune, B.; Stevens, P. S.; Sinha, V.; Dusanter, S. Atmos. Meas. Tech. 2015, 8, 4243. doi: 10.5194/amt-8-4243-2015
26. [26]
  Edwards, P. M.; Evans, M. J.; Furneaux, K. L.; Hopkins, J.; Ingham, T.; Jones, C.; Lee, J. D.; Lewis, A. C.; Moller, S. J.; Stone, D.; Whalley, L. K.; Heard, D. E. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2013, 13, 9497. doi: 10.5194/acp-13-9497-2013
27. [27]
  Di Carlo, P.; Brune, W. H.; Martinez, M.; Harder, H.; Lesher, R.; Ren, X. R.; Thornberry, T.; Carroll, M. A.; Young, V.; Shepson, P. B.; Riemer, D.; Apel, E.; Campbell, C. Science. 2004, 304, 722. doi: 10.1126/science.1094392
28. [28]
  Ren, X.; Brune, W. H.; Oliger, A.; Metcalf, A. R.; Simpas, J. B.; Shirley, T.; Schwab, J. J.; Bai, C.; Roychowdhury, U.; Li, Y.; Cai, C.; Demerjian, K. L.; He, Y.; Zhou, X.; Gao, H.; Hou, J. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. 2006, 111, D10S03.
29. [29]
  Sinha, V.; Williams, J.; Lelieveld, J.; Ruuskanen, T. M.; Kajos, M. K.; Patokoski, J.; Hellen, H.; Hakola, H.; Mogensen, D.; Boy, M.; Rinne, J.; Kulmala, M. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2010, 44, 6614. doi: 10.1021/es101780b
30. [30]
  Nakashima, Y.; Kato, S.; Greenberg, J.; Harley, P.; Karl, T.; Turnipseed, A.; Apel, E.; Guenther, A.; Smith, J.; Kajii, Y. Atmos. Environ. 2014, 85, 1. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.11.042
31. [31]
  Kovacs, T. A.; Brune, W. H.; Harder, H.; Martinez, M.; Simpas, J. B.; Frost, G. J.; Williams, E.; Jobson, T.; Stroud, C.; Young, V.; Fried, A.; Wert, B. J. Environ. Monit. 2003, 5, 68. doi: 10.1039/b204339d
32. [32]
  Praplan, A. P.; Pfannerstill, E. Y.; Williams, J.; Hellen, H. Atmos. Environ. 2017, 169, 150. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.09.013
33. [33]
  Ren, X. R.; Harder, H.; Martinez, M.; Lesher, R. L.; Oliger, A.; Shirley, T.; Adams, J.; Simpas, J. B.; Brune, W. H. Atmos. Environ. 2003, 37, 3627. doi: 10.1016/S1352-2310(03)00460-6
34. [34]
  Shirley, T. R.; Brune, W. H.; Ren, X.; Mao, J.; Lesher, R.; Cardenas, B.; Volkamer, R.; Molina, L. T.; Molina, M. J.; Lamb, B.; Velasco, E.; Jobson, T.; Alexander, M. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2006, 6, 2753. doi: 10.5194/acp-6-2753-2006
35. [35]
  Mao, J.; Ren, X.; Chen, S.; Brune, W. H.; Chen, Z.; Martinez, M.; Harder, H.; Lefer, B.; Rappenglueck, B.; Flynn, J.; Leuchner, M. Atmos. Environ. 2010, 44, 4107. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.01.013
36. [36]
  Chatani, S.; Shimo, N.; Matsunaga, S.; Kajii, Y.; Kato, S.; Nakashima, Y.; Miyazaki, K.; Ishii, K.; Ueno, H. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2009, 9, 8975. doi: 10.5194/acp-9-8975-2009
37. [37]
  Kato, S.; Sato, T.; Kajii, Y. Atmos. Environ. 2011, 45, 5531. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.05.074
38. [38]
  Yoshino, A.; Nakashima, Y.; Miyazaki, K.; Kato, S.; Suthawaree, J.; Shimo, N.; Matsunaga, S.; Chatani, S.; Apel, E.; Greenberg, J.; Guenther, A.; Ueno, H.; Sasaki, H.; Hoshi, J.-Y.; Yokota, H.; Ishii, K.; Kajii, Y. Atmos. Environ. 2012, 49, 51. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.12.029
39. [39]
  Dolgorouky, C.; Gros, V.; Sarda-Esteve, R.; Sinha, V.; Williams, J.; Marchand, N.; Sauvage, S.; Poulain, L.; Sciare, J.; Bonsang, B. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2012, 12, 9593. doi: 10.5194/acp-12-9593-2012
40. [40]
  Fuchs, H.; Tan, Z.; Lu, K.; Bohn, B.; Broch, S.; Brown, S. S.; Dong, H.; Gomm, S.; Haeseler, R.; He, L.; Hofzumahaus, A.; Holland, F.; Li, X.; Liu, Y.; Lu, S.; Min, K.-E.; Rohrer, F.; Shao, M.; Wang, B.; Wang, M.; Wu, Y.; Zeng, L.; Zhang, Y.; Wahner, A.; Zhang, Y. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2017, 17, 645. doi: 10.5194/acp-17-645-2017
41. [41]
  Ren, X. R.; Brune, W. H.; Cantrell, C. A.; Edwards, G. D.; Shirley, T.; Metcalf, A. R.; Lesher, R. L. J. Atmos. Chem. 2005, 52, 231. doi: 10.1007/s10874-005-3651-7
42. [42]
  Sinha, V.; Williams, J.; Diesch, J. M.; Drewnick, F.; Martinez, M.; Harder, H.; Regelin, E.; Kubistin, D.; Bozem, H.; Hosaynali-Beygi, Z.; Fischer, H.; Andres-Hernandez, M. D.; Kartal, D.; Adame, J. A.; Lelieveld, J. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2012, 12, 7269. doi: 10.5194/acp-12-7269-2012
43. [43]
  Elshorbany, Y. F.; Kleffmann, J.; Hofzumahaus, A.; Kurtenbach, R.; Wiesen, P.; Brauers, T.; Bohn, B.; Dorn, H. P.; Fuchs, H.; Holland, F.; Rohrer, F.; Tillmann, R.; Wegener, R.; Wahner, A.; Kanaya, Y.; Yoshino, A.; Nishida, S.; Kajii, Y.; Martinez, M.; Kubistin, D.; Harder, H.; Lelieveld, J.; Elste, T.; Plass-Duelmer, C.; Stange, G.; Berresheim, H.; Schurath, U. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. 2012, 117, D03307.
44. [44]
  Leuchner, M.; Rappenglueck, B. Atmos. Environ. 2010, 44, 4056. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.02.029
45. [45]
  Haque, M. M.; Kawamura, K.; Kim, Y. Atmos. Environ.2016, 130, 95. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.09.075
46. [46]
  Guenther, A.; Hewitt, C. N.; Erickson, D.; Fall, R.; Geron, C.; Graedel, T.; Harley, P.; Klinger, L.; Lerdau, M.; Mckay, W. A.; Pierce, T.; Scholes, B.; Steinbrecher, R.; Tallamraju, R.; Taylor, J.; Zimmerman, P. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. 1995, 100, 8873. doi: 10.1029/94JD02950
47. [47]
  Fehsenfeld, F.; Calvert, J.; Fall, R.; Goldan, P.; Guenther, A.; Hewitt, C.; Lamb, B.; Liu, S.; Trainer, M.; Westberg, H.; Zimmerman, P. Global Biogeochem. Cycles. 1992, 6, 389. doi: 10.1029/92GB02125
48. [48]
  Atkinson, R.; Arey, J. Atmos. Environ.2003, 37, S197. doi: 10.1016/S1352-2310(03)00391-1
49. [49]
  Holzinger, R.; Lee, A.; Paw, K. T.; Goldstein, A. H. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2005, 5, 67. doi: 10.5194/acpd-4-5345-2004
50. [50]
  Mogensen, D.; Smolander, S.; Sogachev, A.; Zhou, L.; Sinha, V.; Guenther, A.; Williams, J.; Nieminen, T.; Kajos, M. K.; Rinne, J.; Kulmala, M.; Boy, M. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2011, 11, 9709. doi: 10.5194/acp-11-9709-2011
51. [51]
  Laothawornkitkul, J.; Taylor, J. E.; Paul, N. D.; Hewitt, C. N. New Phytol. 2009, 184, 276. doi: 10.1111/nph.2009.184.issue-1
52. [52]
  Yang. D.-J.; Bai, Y.-H.; Li, J.-L.; Pan, N.-M.; Yu, K.-H.; Tang, L.; Peng, L.-X.; Su, H. China Environ. Sci. 2001, 21, 422(in Chinese). doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6923.2001.05.009
53. [53]
  Peng, L.-X.; Tang, X.-Y.; Bai, Y.-H.; Li, J.-L. China Environ. Sci. 2000, 20, 132(in Chinese). doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6923.2000.02.009
54. [54]
  Xu, T.-Y. Master Dissertation, Gansu Agricultural University, 2018(in Chinese).
55. [55]
  http://mcm.leeds.ac.uk/MCM/
56. [56]
  Lee, J. D.; Young, J. C.; Read, K. A.; Hamilton, J. F.; Hopkins, J. R.; Lewis, A. C.; Bandy, B. J.; Davey, J.; Edwards, P.; Ingham, T.; Self, D. E.; Smith, S. C.; Pilling, M. J.; Heard, D. E. J. Atmos. Chem. 2009, 64, 53. doi: 10.1007/s10874-010-9171-0
57. [57]
  Bai, J.-H; Guenther, A.; Turnipseed, A. J. Environ. Sci.-China 2012, 32, 2236(in Chinese).
58. [58]
  Fuchs, H.; Tan, Z.; Lu, K.; Bohn, B.; Broch, S.; Brown, S. S.; Dong, H.; Gomm, S.; Haeseler, R.; He, L.; Hofzumahaus, A.; Holland, F.; Li, X.; Liu, Y.; Lu, S.; Min, K.-E.; Rohrer, F.; Shao, M.; Wang, B.; Wang, M.; Wu, Y.; Zeng, L.; Zhang, Y.; Wahner, A.; Zhang, Y. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2017, 17, 645. doi: 10.5194/acp-17-645-2017
59. [59]
  Lu, K. D.; Hofzumahaus, A.; Holland, F.; Bohn, B.; Brauers, T.; Fuchs, H.; Hu, M.; Haeseler, R.; Kita, K.; Kondo, Y.; Li, X.; Lou, S. R.; Oebel, A.; Shao, M.; Zeng, L. M.; Wahner, A.; Zhu, T.; Zhang, Y. H.; Rohrer, F. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2013, 13, 1057. doi: 10.5194/acp-13-1057-2013
60. [60]
  Karl, T.; Guenther, A.; Turnipseed, A.; Tyndall, G.; Artaxo, P.; Martin, S. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2009, 9, 7753. doi: 10.5194/acp-9-7753-2009
61. [61]
  Kim, S.; Guenther, A.; Karl, T.; Greenberg, J. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2011, 11, 8613. doi: 10.5194/acp-11-8613-2011
62. [62]
  Martinez, M.; Harder, H.; Kovacs, T. A.; Simpas, J. B.; Bassis, J.; Lesher, R.; Brune, W. H.; Frost, G. J.; Williams, E. J.; Stroud, C. A.; Jobson, B. T.; Roberts, J. M.; Hall, S. R.; Shetter, R. E.; Wert, B.; Fried, A.; Alicke, B.; Stutz, J.; Young, V. L.; White, A. B.; Zamora, R. J. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. 2003, 108, 4617. doi: 10.1029/2003JD003551
63. [63]
  Wu, W.-R.; Yuan, X.-M.; Hou, H.; Wang, B.-S. Acta Chim. Sinica 2018, 76, 793(in Chinese). doi: 10.7503/cjcu20170561
1. [1]
  Lei Shi . Nucleophilicity and Electrophilicity of Radicals. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(11): 131-135. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202402018
2. [2]
  Guanghui SUI , Yanyan CHENG . Application of rice husk-based activated carbon-loaded MgO composite for symmetric supercapacitors. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(3): 521-530. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240221
3. [3]
  Quanliang Chen , Zhaohui Zhou . Research on the Active Site of Nitrogenase over Fifty Years. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(7): 287-293. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202310133
4. [4]
  Baitong Wei , Jinxin Guo , Xigong Liu , Rongxiu Zhu , Lei Liu . Theoretical Study on the Structure, Stability of Hydrocarbon Free Radicals and Selectivity of Alkane Chlorination Reaction. University Chemistry, 2025, 40(3): 402-407. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202406003
5. [5]
  Rong Tian , Yadi Yang , Naihao Lu . Comprehensive Experimental Design of Undergraduate Students Based on Interdisciplinarity: Study on the Effect of Quercetin on Chlorination Activity of Myeloperoxidase. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(8): 247-254. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202312064
6. [6]
  Haitang WANG , Yanni LING , Xiaqing MA , Yuxin CHEN , Rui ZHANG , Keyi WANG , Ying ZHANG , Wenmin WANG . Construction, crystal structures, and biological activities of two Ln^Ⅲ₃ complexes. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(8): 1474-1482. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240188
7. [7]
  Yukai Jiang , Yihan Wang , Yunkai Zhang , Yunping Wei , Ying Ma , Na Du . Characterization and Phase Diagram of Surfactant Lyotropic Liquid Crystal. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(4): 114-118. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202309033
8. [8]
  Jiayu Gu , Siqi Wang , Jun Ling . Kinetics of Living Copolymerization: A Brief Discussion. University Chemistry, 2025, 40(4): 100-107. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202406012
9. [9]
  .
  CCS Chemistry | 超分子活化底物为自由基促进高效选择性光催化氧化
  . CCS Chemistry, 2025, 7(10.31635/ccschem.025.202405229): -.
10. [10]
  Zhongyan Cao , Shengnan Jin , Yuxia Wang , Yiyi Chen , Xianqiang Kong , Yuanqing Xu . Advances in Highly Selective Reactions Involving Phenol Derivatives as Aryl Radical Precursors. University Chemistry, 2025, 40(4): 245-252. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202405186
11. [11]
  Jingjing QING , Fan HE , Zhihui LIU , Shuaipeng HOU , Ya LIU , Yifan JIANG , Mengting TAN , Lifang HE , Fuxing ZHANG , Xiaoming ZHU . Synthesis, structure, and anticancer activity of two complexes of dimethylglyoxime organotin. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(7): 1301-1308. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240003
12. [12]
  Chunmei GUO , Weihan YIN , Jingyi SHI , Jianhang ZHAO , Ying CHEN , Quli FAN . Facile construction and peroxidase-like activity of single-atom platinum nanozyme. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(9): 1633-1639. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240162
13. [13]
  Congying Lu , Fei Zhong , Zhenyu Yuan , Shuaibing Li , Jiayao Li , Jiewen Liu , Xianyang Hu , Liqun Sun , Rui Li , Meijuan Hu . Experimental Improvement of Surfactant Interface Chemistry: An Integrated Design for the Fusion of Experiment and Simulation. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(3): 283-293. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202308097
14. [14]
  Ping Song , Nan Zhang , Jie Wang , Rui Yan , Zhiqiang Wang , Yingxue Jin . Experimental Teaching Design on Synthesis and Antitumor Activity Study of Cu-Pyropheophorbide-a Methyl Ester. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(6): 278-286. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202310087
15. [15]
  Qiqi Li , Su Zhang , Yuting Jiang , Linna Zhu , Nannan Guo , Jing Zhang , Yutong Li , Tong Wei , Zhuangjun Fan . 前驱体机械压实制备高密度活性炭及其致密电容储能性能. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(3): 2406009-. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202406009
16. [16]
  Changqing MIAO , Fengjiao CHEN , Wenyu LI , Shujie WEI , Yuqing YAO , Keyi WANG , Ni WANG , Xiaoyan XIN , Ming FANG . Crystal structures, DNA action, and antibacterial activities of three tetranuclear lanthanide-based complexes. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(12): 2455-2465. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240192
17. [17]
  Jing WU , Puzhen HUI , Huilin ZHENG , Pingchuan YUAN , Chunfei WANG , Hui WANG , Xiaoxia GU . Synthesis, crystal structures, and antitumor activities of transition metal complexes incorporating a naphthol-aldehyde Schiff base ligand. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(12): 2422-2428. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240278
18. [18]
  Yuting Zhang , Zhiqian Wang . Methods and Case Studies for In-Depth Learning of the Aldol Reaction Based on Its Reversible Nature. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(7): 377-380. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202311037
19. [19]
  Min LIU , Huapeng RUAN , Zhongtao FENG , Xue DONG , Haiyan CUI , Xinping WANG . Neutral boron-containing radical dimers. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(1): 123-130. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240362
20. [20]
  Danqing Wu , Jiajun Liu , Tianyu Li , Dazhen Xu , Zhiwei Miao . Research Progress on the Simultaneous Construction of C—O and C—X Bonds via 1,2-Difunctionalization of Olefins through Radical Pathways. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(11): 146-157. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202403087

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Metrics

PDF Downloads(47)
Abstract views(2570)
HTML views(791)

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142