Citation: Liu Jing, Gu Tianhang, Wang Wei, Liu Ai-rong, Zhang Wei-xian. Surface Chemistry and Phase Transformation of Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron (nZVI) in Aquatic Media[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica, ;2019, 77(2): 121-129. doi: 10.6023/A18100412 shu

Surface Chemistry and Phase Transformation of Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron (nZVI) in Aquatic Media

Liu Jing ^a,b ,
Gu Tianhang ^a,b ,
Wang Wei ^a,c ,
Liu Ai-rong ^a,b,, ,
Zhang Wei-xian ^a,b

a.
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Shanghai 200092
b.
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092
c.
School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092

Corresponding author: Liu Ai-rong, liuairong@tongji.edu.cn
Received Date: 2 October 2018
Available Online: 13 February 2018
Fund Project: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41673096, 41772243, 51578398) and National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents (BX201700172)the National Natural Science Foundation of China 41673096National Postdoctoral Program for Innovative Talents BX201700172the National Natural Science Foundation of China 51578398the National Natural Science Foundation of China 41772243

Figures(9)

The unique "core-shell" structure endows nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) rich aquatic surface chemistry properties. Transformation of surface chemistry and crystal phase of nZVI affect its reactivity and environmental transport and fate. Recent advances on the surface chemistry and phase transformation of nZVI in aqueous media are highlighted in this paper focusing on a basic theory of nZVI for pollution control and environmental application. Surface chemistry and phase of both fresh and reacted nZVI are presented. The structure, composition and properties of nanoparticles are determined not only by reaction time but also by environmental conditions. Specifically, the influences of dissolved oxygen, hydraulic conditions (static and stirring), types and concentrations of heavy metals (U(Ⅵ), Cr(Ⅵ), Se(Ⅳ)) and anions (NO₃^-, SO₄^2-, HPO₄^2- and HCO₃^-) are investigated. In addition, the effect of surface modification with polyelectrolytes, including anionic polyacrylamide (APAM) and carboxymethylcellulose sodium (CMC), on microstructure, morphology and composition of nanoparticles in aqueous phase was discussed. Results demonstrate that environmental conditions have significant impacts on particles structure, composition and properties, consequently on nZVI performance for pollutant removal. After corrosion under different aqueous conditions, the core-shell structured nZVI are distorted and the metallic iron core is transformed into different iron oxides/hydroxides, such as γ-Fe₂O₃, Fe₃O₄ and γ-FeOOH. These iron (hydr)oxides exhibit different surface complexation and affinity proprieties, thus eventually affecting the pollutant removal performance and the environmental fate of reaction products. More research on the effect of dynamic structure transformation by different types of pollutants, and a reaction model between the surface chemistry/phase transformation and removal performance are needed to deepen our understanding on nZVI surface chemistry, and develop more effective technologies of environmental applications.
- nanoscale zero-valent iron,
- aquatic media,
- surface chemistry,
- crystal phase,
- transformation
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