Citation: Li Jinxiang, Qin Hejie, Zhang Xueying, Guan Xiaohong. Improving the Reactivity of Zerovalent Iron toward Various Contaminants by Weak Magnetic Field: Performances and Mechanisms[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica, ;2017, 75(6): 544-551. doi: 10.6023/A17010007 shu

Improving the Reactivity of Zerovalent Iron toward Various Contaminants by Weak Magnetic Field: Performances and Mechanisms

State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092

Corresponding author: Guan Xiaohong, guanxh@tongji.edu.cn
Received Date: 7 January 2017

Fund Project: the National Natural Science Foundation of China U1532120the National Natural Science Foundation of China 21522704the National Natural Science Foundation of China 51478329

Figures(9)

Zero-valent iron (ZVI), a simple but amazingly versatile material, has low intrinsic reactivity toward various contaminants as documented from laboratory studies as well as field demonstrations, which poses potential limitations to its practical application in environmental remediation. Although many methods have been developed to improve the reactivity of ZVI in the literature, high costs, significant work-load, and complex operations may inhibit the application of these methods. We pioneered the research in employing weak magnetic field (WMF) to accelerate the removal of various metal(loid)s, including Se(Ⅳ)/Se(Ⅵ), As(V)/As(Ⅲ), Sb(V), Cu(Ⅱ)/EDTA-Cu(Ⅱ), and Cr(Ⅵ) by pristine ZVI (Pri-ZVI) and/or aged ZVI. The rate constants of metal(loid)s sequestration by Pri-ZVI or aged ZVI were increased by 1.1~383.7 folds due to the application of WMF. Furthermore, WMF could be employed to improve the removal of organic contaminants by ZVI activated H₂O₂ or persulfate because of the accelerated ZVI corrosion in the presence of WMF. The superimposed WMF had negligible influence on the apparent activation energy of metal(loid)s removal by ZVI, indicating that WMF accelerated metal(loid)s removal by ZVI but did not change the mechanisms. The XAFS, XRD, and XPS analysis confirmed that the application of WMF did not change the mechanisms of metal(loid)s removal but accelerated the transformation (reduction or oxidation) of contaminants. Electrochemical analysis showed that the accelerated ZVI corrosion in the presence of WMF was ascribed to the enhanced mass transfer. We further identified the relative contribution of Lorentz force (F_L) and magnetic gradient force (F_ΔB) in the enhancing effect of WMF. It suggested that F_ΔB rather than F_L was the major driving force for the observed WMF effect on the enhanced reactivity of ZVI. Moreover, we proposed to apply premagnetization to increase the reactivity of ZVI toward As(Ⅲ) sequestration taking advantage of the magnetic memory of ZVI, i.e., the remanence of ZVI. In addition, the premagnetized ZVI (Mag-ZVI) samples from different origins were applied to enhance the removal of various oxidative contaminants[such as azo dyes, As(Ⅲ), Pb(Ⅱ), Cu(Ⅱ), Se(Ⅳ), Ag(Ⅰ) and Cr(Ⅵ)] under well-controlled experimental conditions. The rate constants of contaminants removal by premagnetized ZVI samples were 1.2~12.2 folds greater than those by Pri-ZVI samples. As a chemical-and energy-free method, improving the reactivity of ZVI by either WMF superimposition or premagnetization treatment is novel and promising.
- zerovalent iron,
- weak magnetic field,
- premagnetization,
- metal(loid)s,
- magnetic field gradient force,
- remanence
1. [1]
  Gould, J. P. Water Res. 1982, 16, 871. doi: 10.1016/0043-1354(82)90016-1
2. [2]
  Khudenko, B. M. Water Sci. Technol. 1985, 15, 204.
3. [3]
  Gillham, R. W.; O'Hannesin, S. F. Ground Water 1994, 32, 958. doi: 10.1111/gwat.1994.32.issue-6
4. [4]
  Matheson, L. J.; Tratnyek, P. G. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1994, 28, 2045. doi: 10.1021/es00061a012
5. [5]
  EPA, USA, Ground Water Remedies Selected at Superfund Sites, 2002.
6. [6]
  Guan, X. H.; Sun, Y. K.; Qin, H. J.; Li, J. X.; Lo, I. M.; He, D.; Dong, H. R. Water Res. 2015, 75, 224. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2015.02.034
7. [7]
  Wang, C.; Zhang, W. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1997, 94, 9602.
8. [8]
  Hung, H. M.; Hoffmann, M. R. Environ. Sci. Technol. 1998, 32, 3011. doi: 10.1021/es980273i
9. [9]
  Lien, H. L.; Zhang, W. X. J. Environ. Eng. 1999, 125, 1042. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1999)125:11(1042)
10. [10]
  Harendra, S.; Vipulanandan, C. Colloid Surface A 2008, 322, 6.
11. [11]
  Liou, Y. H.; Lo, S. L.; Lin, C. J.; Wen, H. K.; Weng, S. C. J. Hazard. Mater. 2005, 126, 189. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2005.06.038
12. [12]
  Son, H. S.; Im, J. K.; Zoh, K. D. Water Res. 2009, 43, 1457. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2008.12.029
13. [13]
  Jou, C. J. G.; Hsieh, S. C.; Lee, C. L.; Lin, C.; Huang, H. W. J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. E 2010, 41, 216. doi: 10.1016/j.jtice.2009.08.012
14. [14]
  Xu, J.; Hao, Z.; Xie, C.; Lv, X.; Yang, Y.; Xu, X. Desalination 2012, 284, 9. doi: 10.1016/j.desal.2011.08.029
15. [15]
  Huang, Y. H.; Tang, C.; Zeng, H. Chem. Eng. J. 2012, 200, 257.
16. [16]
  Scherer, M. M.; Johnson, K. M.; Westall, J. C.; Tratnyek, P. G. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2001, 35, 2804. doi: 10.1021/es0016856
17. [17]
  Noubactep, C. Environ. Technol. 2008, 29, 909. doi: 10.1080/09593330802131602
18. [18]
  Kim, D. H. J. Hazard. Mater. 2011, 192, 928. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.05.075
19. [19]
  Jiang, J. H.; Li, Y. H.; Cai, W. M. J. Hazard. Mater. 2008, 153, 508. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.08.083
20. [20]
  Ambashta, R. D.; Repo, E.; Sillanpää, M. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2011, 50, 11771. doi: 10.1021/ie102121e
21. [21]
  Liang, L.; Sun, W.; Guan, X.; Huang, Y.; Choi, W.; Bao, H.; Li, L.; Jiang, Z. Water Res. 2014, 49, 371. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2013.10.026
22. [22]
  Liang, L.; Guan, X.; Huang, Y.; Ma, J.; Sun, X.; Qiao, J.; Zhou, G. Sep. Purif. Technol. 2015, 156, Part 3, 1064.
23. [23]
  Sun, Y. K.; Guan, X. H.; Wang, J. M.; Meng, X. G.; Xu, C. H.; Zhou, G. M. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2014, 48, 6850. doi: 10.1021/es5003956
24. [24]
  Guan, X.; Jiang, X.; Qiao, J.; Zhou, G. J. Hazard. Mater. 2015, 300, 688. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.07.070
25. [25]
  Jiang, X.; Qiao, J.; Lo, I. M. C.; Wang, L.; Guan, X.; Lu, Z.; Zhou, G.; Xu, C. J. Hazard. Mater. 2015, 283, 880. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.10.044
26. [26]
  Feng, P.; Guan, X. H.; Sun, Y. K.; Choi, W. Y.; Qin, H. J.; Wang, J. M.; Qiao, J. L.; Li, L. N. J. Environ. Sci.-China 2015, 31, 175. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2014.10.017
27. [27]
  Li, J.; Bao, H.; Xiong, X.; Sun, Y.; Guan, X. Sep. Purif. Technol. 2015, 151, 276. doi: 10.1016/j.seppur.2015.07.056
28. [28]
  Xu, C.; Zhang, B.; Zhu, L.; Lin, S.; Sun, X.; Jiang, Z.; Tratnyek, P. G. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2016, 50, 1483. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.5b05360
29. [29]
  Liang, L. P.; Guan, X. H.; Shi, Z.; Li, J. L.; Wu, Y. N.; Tratnyek, P. G. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2014, 48, 6326. doi: 10.1021/es500958b
30. [30]
  Xu, H.; Sun, Y.; Li, J.; Li, F.; Guan, X. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2016, 50, 8214. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.6b01763
31. [31]
  Xiong, X.; Sun, Y.; Sun, B.; Song, W.; Sun, J.; Gao, N.; Qiao, J.; Guan, X. RSC Adv. 2015, 5, 13357. doi: 10.1039/C4RA16318D
32. [32]
  Xiang, W.; Zhang, B.; Zhou, T.; Wu, X.; Mao, J. Sci. Rep.-UK 2016, 6.
33. [33]
  Xiong, X.; Bo, S.; Jing, Z.; Gao, N.; Shen, J.; Li, J.; Guan, X. Water Res. 2014, 62, 53. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.05.042
34. [34]
  Ragsdale, S. R.; Grant, K. M.; White, H. S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1998, 120, 13461. doi: 10.1021/ja982540q
35. [35]
  Hinds, G.; Coey, J.; Lyons, M. E. G. Electrochem. Commun. 2001, 3, 215. doi: 10.1016/S1388-2481(01)00136-9
36. [36]
  Lioubashevski, O.; Katz, E.; Willner, I. J. Phy. Chem. B 2004, 108, 5778. doi: 10.1021/jp037785q
37. [37]
  Waskaas, M.; Kharkats, Y. I. J. Electroanal. Chem. 2001, 502, 51. doi: 10.1016/S0022-0728(00)00528-3
38. [38]
  Li, J.; Qin, H.; Zhang, W.-X.; Shi, Z.; Zhao, D.; Guan, X. Sep. Purif. Technol. 2016, 176, 40.
39. [39]
  Aziz, F.; Pandey, P.; Chandra, M.; Khare, A.; Rana, D. S.; Mavani, K. R. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 2014, 356, 98. doi: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2013.12.037
40. [40]
  Ghosh, N.; Mandal, B. K.; Kumar, K. M. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 2012, 324, 3839. doi: 10.1016/j.jmmm.2012.06.026
41. [41]
  Li, J. X.; Shi, Z.; Ma, B.; Zhang, P. P.; Jiang, X.; Xiao, Z. J.; Guan, X. H. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2015, 49, 10581. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.5b02699
42. [42]
  Li, J.; Qin, H.; Guan, X. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2015, 49, 1440.
43. [43]
  Li, X.; Zhou, M.; Pan, Y.; Xu, L. Chem. Eng. J. 2016, 307, 1092.
1. [1]
  Xinxin YU , Yongxing LIU , Xiaohong YI , Miao CHANG , Fei WANG , Peng WANG , Chongchen WANG . Photocatalytic peroxydisulfate activation for degrading organic pollutants over the zero-valent iron recovered from subway tunnels. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(5): 864-876. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240438
2. [2]
  Ling WANG , Weipeng YAN , Zhuoyi ZHENG , Sihan ZHU , Mingxian GONG , Xiangyu MA . Fabrication of biochar-supported nano zero-valent iron and its high-efficiency performance for Cr(Ⅵ) removal from wastewater. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(12): 2441-2454. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20250264
3. [3]
  Yuanpei ZHANG , Jiahong WANG , Jinming HUANG , Zhi HU . Preparation of magnetic mesoporous carbon loaded nano zero-valent iron for removal of Cr(Ⅲ) organic complexes from high-salt wastewater. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(9): 1731-1742. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240077
4. [4]
  Peiran ZHAO , Yuqian LIU , Cheng HE , Chunying DUAN . A functionalized Eu³⁺ metal-organic framework for selective fluorescent detection of pyrene. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(4): 713-724. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20230355
5. [5]
  Hong Wu , Yuxi Wang , Hongyan Feng , Xiaokui Wang , Bangkun Jin , Xuan Lei , Qianghua Wu , Hongchun Li . Application of Computational Chemistry in the Determination of Magnetic Susceptibility of Metal Complexes. University Chemistry, 2025, 40(3): 116-123. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202405141
6. [6]
  Chao WU , Qingxiu SHI , Tao XU , Zhengxi PENG , Zhongping XIONG , Yinglin ZHANG , Yujun SI , Chaozhong GUO . Enhancement of oxygen reduction reaction performance of iron-nitrogen doped carbon based catalysts by sodium carboxymethyl cellulose pre-deoxygenation. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2026, 42(4): 737-746. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20250305
7. [7]
  Tianyun Chen , Ruilin Xiao , Xinsheng Gu , Yunyi Shao , Qiujun Lu . Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Mechanoluminescence Properties of Lanthanide-Based Organometallic Complexes. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(5): 363-370. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202312017
8. [8]
  Yuyao Wang , Zhitao Cao , Zeyu Du , Xinxin Cao , Shuquan Liang . Research Progress of Iron-based Polyanionic Cathode Materials for Sodium-Ion Batteries. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(4): 100035-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202406014
9. [9]
  Ping Ye , Lingshuang Qin , Mengyao He , Fangfang Wu , Zengye Chen , Mingxing Liang , Libo Deng . Potential of Zero Charge-Mediated Electrochemical Capture of Cadmium Ions from Wastewater by Lotus Leaf-Derived Porous Carbons. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(3): 100023-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202311032
10. [10]
  Hong LI , Xiaoying DING , Cihang LIU , Jinghan ZHANG , Yanying RAO . Detection of iron and copper ions based on gold nanorod etching colorimetry. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(5): 953-962. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20230370
11. [11]
  Li'na ZHONG , Jingling CHEN , Qinghua ZHAO . Synthesis of multi-responsive carbon quantum dots from green carbon sources for detection of iron ions and L-ascorbic acid. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(4): 709-718. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240280
12. [12]
  Jia-He Li , Yu-Ze Liu , Jia-Hui Ma , Qing-Xiao Tong , Jian-Ji Zhong , Jing-Xin Jian . 洛芬碱衍生物的合成、化学发光与重金属离子检测. University Chemistry, 2025, 40(6): 230-237. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202407080
13. [13]
  Ye Wang , Ruixiang Ge , Xiang Liu , Jing Li , Haohong Duan . An Anion Leaching Strategy towards Metal Oxyhydroxides Synthesis for Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Glycerol. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(7): 2307019-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202307019
14. [14]
  Zhengqi SHEN , Hanxue LIU , Lin HOU , Meng REN , Xiangyu DAI , Yating ZHANG , Zhi SU , Chao GE , Xuling XUE , Hongke LIU . A dual-pathway synergistic inhibition strategy based on ruthenium/iridium metal complexes targeting GPX4 and DHODH: Mechanism of directly activating ferroptosis in leukemia cells. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2026, 42(2): 271-283. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20250230
15. [15]
  Huiying Xu , Minghui Liang , Zhi Zhou , Hui Gao , Wei Yi . Application of Quantum Chemistry Computation and Visual Analysis in Teaching of Weak Interactions. University Chemistry, 2025, 40(3): 199-205. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202407011
16. [16]
  Shanghua Li , Malin Li , Xiwen Chi , Xin Yin , Zhaodi Luo , Jihong Yu . High-Stable Aqueous Zinc Metal Anodes Enabled by an Oriented ZnQ Zeolite Protective Layer with Facile Ion Migration Kinetics. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(1): 100003-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202309003
17. [17]
  Yun Chen , Daijie Deng , Li Xu , Xingwang Zhu , Henan Li , Chengming Sun . Covalent bond modulation of charge transfer for sensitive heavy metal ion analysis in a self-powered electrochemical sensing platform. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2026, 42(1): 100144-0. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100144
18. [18]
  Xiaohong Li , Huanjiang Wang , Fang Tan , Xiaohua Cai , Yingchun Luo , Yanli Leng , Guoyong Zhou , Zhu Wen . Research on the Project-Driven Teaching Model in the Context of New Engineering: A Case Study of the Development of a “Portable Metal ions and Pesticide Residues Intelligent Detection System”. University Chemistry, 2026, 41(1): 204-212. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202510037
19. [19]
  Lina Guo , Ruizhe Li , Chuang Sun , Xiaoli Luo , Yiqiu Shi , Hong Yuan , Shuxin Ouyang , Tierui Zhang . Effect of Interlayer Anions in Layered Double Hydroxides on the Photothermocatalytic CO₂ Methanation of Derived Ni-Al₂O₃ Catalysts. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(1): 100002-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202309002
20. [20]
  Chunfang Zhang , Cuimiao Zhang , Shuai Liu , Yaduo Zheng , Lin Yang , Kehan Jiang , Mingtao Run . Refined Experiment for Magnetic Susceptibility Determination: A Digital Empowered Experiment Based on WeChat Mini Program and Animated Video. University Chemistry, 2026, 41(1): 244-252. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202505056

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Metrics

PDF Downloads(48)
Abstract views(4305)
HTML views(922)

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142