Citation: Yifang ZHANG, Zifeng SHAO, Hexuan JIN, Lijuan YANG, Runlong HAO, Jianfeng WANG, Ning LIU. Research progress in the application of metal-organic frameworks in electrocatalytic urea synthesis[J]. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, ;2026, 42(10): 2051-2062. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20260204 shu

Research progress in the application of metal-organic frameworks in electrocatalytic urea synthesis

Yifang ZHANG ^{1, 2} ,
Zifeng SHAO ^{1, 2} ,
Hexuan JIN ^{1, 2} ,
Lijuan YANG ^{1, 2} ,
Runlong HAO ^{1, 2} ,
Jianfeng WANG ³ ,
Ning LIU ^{1, 2,,}

1.
Yanzhao Electric Power Laboratory of North China Electric Power University, Baoding, Hebei 071000, China
2.
Hebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, North China Electric Power University, Baoding, Hebei 071003, China
3.
Hebei Jiantou Energy Science and Technology Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang 050051, China

Corresponding author: Ning LIU, liuning@ncepu.edu.cn
Received Date: 26 June 2026
Revised Date: 10 September 2026

Figures(7)

Urea is an important agricultural fertilizer and chemical feedstock; however, its conventional production is plagued by high energy consumption and substantial carbon emissions. Electrocatalytic urea synthesis offers a green alternative that facilitates both carbon reduction and nitrogen resource recycling. Nevertheless, this route is currently hindered by key scientific bottlenecks, including the difficulty of activating reactants and low C-N coupling efficiency. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), featuring tunable active sites, porous architectures conducive to mass transfer, and functionalizable ligands, represent an ideal material platform to overcome these limitations. This review systematically summarizes recent advances in single-metal MOFs, multi-metal MOFs, and MOF-based composites for electrocatalytic urea production, with a focus on structural design strategies, catalytic mechanisms, and performance enhancement approaches. Furthermore, we critically analyze the persistent challenges regarding C-N coupling efficiency and reaction selectivity, and discuss the prospects for large-scale applications. This review aims to offer guidance for the rational design and development of high-performance electrocatalysts for urea synthesis.
- metal-organic frameworks,
- electrochemical catalysis,
- urea synthesis,
- C-N coupling,
- carbon dioxide emission reduction
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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142