Citation: Xiaobao LI, Chengjun ZHANG, Linzhi HUANG, Limei CHANG, Zhigang GU. Metal-organic frameworks as second-order nonlinear optical materials[J]. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, ;2026, 42(11): 2311-2325. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20260196 shu

Metal-organic frameworks as second-order nonlinear optical materials

Xiaobao LI ^{1, 2} ,
Chengjun ZHANG ^{1, 2} ,
Linzhi HUANG ^{2, 3} ,
Limei CHANG ² ,
Zhigang GU ^{1, 2, 3, 4,,}

1.
College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
3.
College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou 350007, China
4.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Corresponding author: Zhigang GU, zggu@fjirsm.ac.cn
Received Date: 18 June 2026
Revised Date: 17 September 2026

Figures(6)

Second-order nonlinear optical (NLO) materials are key functional materials for converting optical energy into optical field information, and they have important applications in fields such as tunable light sources, optical switches, precision detection, and nonlinear imaging. Currently, how to achieve predictable control of macroscopic second-order NLO responses through structural design remains a key challenge in this field. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) consist of metal ions/clusters (or metal nodes) and organic ligands assembled in a periodic arrangement via coordinate bonds. They provide a unique platform for constructing non-centrosymmetric structures, organizing localized polar units, regulating the alignment of chromophores, and introducing tunable pore environments. In this review, we discuss current research advances in second-order NLO MOF materials, including the microscopic optical origins of second-order nonlinearity, characterization methods, structural design, response tuning, and functional applications. Finally, we summarize the remaining challenges and provide perspectives on future developments in this field.
- metal-organic frameworks,
- second-order nonlinear optics,
- response
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