Citation: Zhihui ZHU, Yiwei SHI, Xin WANG, Yiming XU, Zhiguo SONG, Min WANG. Synthesis, fluorescence sensing, and Hirshfeld surface analysis of Cd(Ⅱ) complex based on p-methylbenzenesulfonate and 4, 4′-bipyridine[J]. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, ;2026, 42(11): 2504-2514. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20260008 shu

Synthesis, fluorescence sensing, and Hirshfeld surface analysis of Cd(Ⅱ) complex based on p-methylbenzenesulfonate and 4, 4′-bipyridine

School of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Bohai University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121013, China

Corresponding author: Min WANG, wangmin@qymail.bhu.edu.cn
Received Date: 8 January 2026
Revised Date: 23 September 2026

Figures(12)

A new Cd(Ⅱ) complex [Cd(4, 4′-bipy)(H₂O)₄] (4-MBS)₂ was synthesized by solvothermal method for the detection of Fe³⁺. The complex was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. Its fluorescence properties were investigated. Solid-state fluorescence results showed that the complex′s fluorescence emission originated from the π*→π transition of 4, 4′-bipy. Fluorescence sensing experiments indicate that the complex exhibited high sensitivity for the recognition of Fe³⁺ with a detection limit of 0.27 μmol·L^-1. Cyclic sensing experiments demonstrated that the complex exhibited excellent stability. The crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, revealing the presence of abundant O—H…O and C—H…π interactions; Hirshfeld surface analysis further proved the existence of O—H…O and C—H…π interactions in the complex, and there are also other interactions such as H…H. These effects work together to enhance the structural stability and fluorescence-sensing ability of the complex. Finally, the mechanism of Fe³⁺ quenching of the complex was studied, and the results show that the interaction between Fe³⁺ and O atoms and the energy competition absorption between Fe³⁺ and the complex jointly lead to the fluorescence quenching of the complex.
- crystal structure,
- fluorescence sensing,
- Hirshfeld surface analysis,
- quenching mechanism
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