Citation: Fengzhang TU, Zhong JIN. Honeycomb-like N, O dual-doped carbon/selenium composites: Preparation and performance in alkali metal-selenium batteries[J]. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, ;2025, 41(11): 2371-2384. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20250227 shu

Honeycomb-like N, O dual-doped carbon/selenium composites: Preparation and performance in alkali metal-selenium batteries

Fengzhang TU ^1,, ,
Zhong JIN ^2,,

1.
Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Materials, Longyan University, Longyan, Fujian 364012, China
2.
State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Catalysis and Intelligent Green Chemical Engineering, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Green Intelligent Manufacturing of New Energy Materials and Devices, Tianchang New Materials and Energy Technologies Research Center, Institute of Green Chemistry and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China

Corresponding author: Fengzhang TU, 82001015@lyun.edu.cn Zhong JIN, zhongjin@nju.edu.cn
Received Date: 8 July 2025
Revised Date: 15 October 2025

Figures(6)

A N, O dual-doped honeycomb-like porous carbon (DHPC) was designed and prepared as an efficient selenium host material for lithium-selenium (Li-Se) and sodium-selenium (Na-Se) batteries. The DHPC possessed a hierarchical porous structure that effectively encapsulates Se and suppresses the shuttle effect of polyselenides. Combined with theoretical calculations, it is confirmed that the N, O dual-doping enhances the chemical adsorption of polyselenides. The Se@DHPC cathode delivered a high initial charging capacity of 675 mAh·g^-1 and excellent cycling stability (with a capacity decay rate of only 0.14% per cycle) in Li-Se batteries. Moreover, it exhibited a high capacity of 688 mAh·g^-1 and a remarkable capacity retention rate after 300 cycles in Na-Se batteries.
- Li-Se batteries,
- Na-Se batteries,
- honeycomb-like hierarchical porous carbon,
- dual heteroatom doping,
- polyselenide chemisorption
1. [1]
  ZHANG F, GUO X, XIONG P, ZHANG J Q, SONG J J, YAN K, GAO X C, LIU H, WANG G X. Interface engineering of MXene composite separator for high-performance Li-Se and Na-Se batteries[J]. Adv. Energy Mater., 2020, 10(20): 202000446
2. [2]
  QI X Q, YANG Y, JIN Q, YANG F Y, XIE Y, SANG P F, LIU K, ZHAO W B, XU X B, FU Y Z, ZHOU J, QIE L, HUANG Y H. Two-plateau Li-Se chemistry for high volumetric capacity Se cathodes[J]. Angew. Chem. -Int. Edit., 2020, 59(33): 13908-13914 doi: 10.1002/anie.202004424
3. [3]
  LIM J B, KIM H J, NA J H, KIM J K, JEONG S Y, PARK S K. Hierarchical nitrogen-doped multichannel carbon nanofibers for efficient potassium-selenium batteries[J]. Rare Met., 2025, 44(6): 3839-3851 doi: 10.1007/s12598-024-03133-6
4. [4]
  HUANG X L, WANG W, DENG J H, GAO W, LIU D Y, MA Q R, XU M W. A Se-hollow porous carbon composite for high-performance rechargeable K-Se batteries[J]. Inorg. Chem. Front., 2019, 6(8): 2118-2125 doi: 10.1039/C9QI00437H
5. [5]
  ZHAO C H, LUO J S, HU Z B. Hierarchical porous N, O Co-doped carbon/Se composite derived from hydrothermal treated chitosan as Li-Se battery cathode[J]. Micro Nano Lett., 2018, 13(10): 1386-1389 doi: 10.1049/mnl.2018.5154
6. [6]
  XIA M T, FU H W, LIN K R, RAO A M, CHA L M, LIU H, ZHOU J, WANG C X, LU B A. Hydrogen-bond regulation in organic/aqueous hybrid electrolyte for safe and high-voltage K-ion batteries[J]. Energ. Environ. Sci., 2024, 17(3): 1255-1265 doi: 10.1039/D3EE03729K
7. [7]
  YE W K, LI W Y, WANG K, YIN W H, CHAI W W, QU Y, RUI Y C, TANG B H J. ZIF-67@Se@MnO₂: A novel Co-MOF-based composite cathode for lithium selenium batteries[J]. J. Phys. Chem. C, 2019, 123(4): 2048-2055 doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b10598
8. [8]
  SONG J P, WU L, DONG W D, LI C F, CHEN L H, DAI X, LI C, CHEN H, ZOU W, YU W B, HU Z Y, LIU J, WANG H E, LI Y, SU B L. MOF-derived nitrogen-doped core-shell hierarchical porous carbon confining selenium for advanced lithium-selenium batteries[J]. Nanoscale, 2019, 11(14): 6970-698 doi: 10.1039/C9NR00924H
9. [9]
  JO D, LIM J B, KIM J K, KANG Y C, PARK S K. Three-dimensional carbon microclusters organized by hollow carbon nanospheres for stable Li metal anodes: Enabling high packing density and low tortuosity via self-assembly[J]. Rare Met., 2025, 44(1): 95-109 doi: 10.1007/s12598-024-02931-2
10. [10]
  ZHOU L, CUI Y P, KONG D Q, FENG W T, GAO X L, YAN Y G, REN H, HU H, XUE Q Z, YAN Z F, XING W. Amorphous Se species anchored into enclosed carbon skeleton bridged by chemical bonding toward advanced K-Se batteries[J]. J. Energy Chem., 2021, 61: 319-326 doi: 10.1016/j.jechem.2021.03.027
11. [11]
  CHENG L, MA C H, LU W Q, WANG X, YUE H J, ZHANG D, XING Z Y. A graphitized hierarchical porous carbon as an advanced cathode host for alkali metal-selenium batteries[J]. Chem. Eng. J., 2022, 433: 133527 doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.133527
12. [12]
  GUO B R, MI H W, ZHANG P X, REN X Z, LI Y L. Free-standing selenium impregnated carbonized leaf cathodes for high-performance sodium-selenium batteries[J]. Nanoscale Res. Lett., 2019, 14: 2861
13. [13]
  DING J N, WANG Y D, HUANG Z C, SONG W Q, ZHONG C, DING J, HU W B. Toward theoretical capacity and superhigh power density for potassium-selenium batteries via facilitating reversible potassiation kinetics[J]. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2022, 14(5): 6828-6840 doi: 10.1021/acsami.1c22623
14. [14]
  DENG W N, LI Y H, XU D F, ZHOU W, XIANG K X, CHEN H. Three-dimensional hierarchically porous nitrogen-doped carbon from water hyacinth as selenium host for high-performance lithium-selenium batteries[J]. Rare Met., 2022, 41(10): 3432-3445 doi: 10.1007/s12598-022-02022-0
15. [15]
  WANG H A, WANG P T, CAO J P, LIANG C, YU K F. N/S co-doped biomass-based porous carbon surface-embedded small- molecule selenium as cathode circumflex accent a for high- performance K-Se batteries[J]. Electrochim. Acta, 2022, 432(10): 141158
16. [16]
  WU X Y, CHEN X, WU H Y, XIE B, WANG D G, WANG R, ZHANG X Y, PIAO Y Z, DIAO G W, CHEN M. Encapsulation of Se in dual-wall hollow carbon spheres: Physical confinement and chemisorption for superior Na-Se and K-Se batteries[J]. Carbon, 2022, 187: 354-364 doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2021.11.013
17. [17]
  LYU W, YU X Z, LV Y W, RAO A M, ZHOU J, LU B G. Building stable solid-state potassium metal batteries[J]. Adv. Mater., 2024, 36(24): 2305795 doi: 10.1002/adma.202305795
18. [18]
  DONG W D, YU W B, XIA F J, CHEN L D, ZHANG Y J, TAN H G, WU L, HU Z Y, MOHAMED H S H, LIU J, DENG Z, LI Y, CHEN L H, SU B L. Melamine-based polymer networks enabled N, O, S Co-doped defect-rich hierarchically porous carbon nanobelts for stable and long-cycle Li-ion and Li-Se batteries[J]. J. Colloid Interface Sci., 2021, 582: 60-69 doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.06.071
19. [19]
  XIA Q, HU J L, CHEN Q Q, ZHANG L Z. Highly N-doped and flexible carbon nanofiber membrane as cathode host for Li-Se batteries[J]. J. Alloy. Compd., 2022, 927: 167014 doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2022.167014
20. [20]
  GAO F, YUE X A, XU X Y, XU P, ZHANG F, FAN H S, WANG Z L, WU Y T, LIU X, ZHANG Y. A N/Co co-doped three-dimensional porous carbon as cathode host for advanced lithium-selenium batteries[J]. Rare Met., 2023, 42(8): 2670-2678 doi: 10.1007/s12598-023-02273-5
21. [21]
  LIM J B, PARK S K. Novel N-doped multichannel carbon nanofiber architecture with porous CoS nanoprisms for high-performance potassium-ion batteries[J]. Rare Met., 2024, 43(3): 971-983 doi: 10.1007/s12598-023-02530-7
22. [22]
  LIM J B, NA J H, KIM H J, KIM J K, YOO Y, PARK S K. Electrospun MOF-derived N-doped mesoporous carbon fibers embedded with ultrafine vanadium oxide as an ultralong cycling stability for potassium ion storage[J]. J. Alloy. Compd., 2024, 1002: 175507 doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2024.175507
23. [23]
  KANG J Z, YU H, JING H B, HUANG L S, WANG J J, WANG X M, ZHAO X Y, QI W H, DU C F. Screening and activating small-molecule Se in microporous S-decorated/N-doped carbon spheres for an enhanced rate performance[J]. Appl. Surf. Sci., 2023, 619: 156724 doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2023.156724
24. [24]
  KIM J K, KANG Y C. Encapsulation of Se into hierarchically porous carbon microspheres with optimized pore structure for advanced Na-Se and K-Se batteries[J]. ACS Nano, 2020, 14(10): 13203-13216 doi: 10.1021/acsnano.0c04870
25. [25]
  CHEN X, XU L H, ZENG L X, WANG Y Y, ZENG S H, LI H Z, LI X Y, QIAN Q R, WEI M D, CHEN Q H. Synthesis of the Se-HPCF composite via a liquid-solution route and its stable cycling performance in Li-Se batteries[J]. Dalton Trans., 2020, 49(41): 14536-14542 doi: 10.1039/D0DT03035J
26. [26]
  ZHOU J, CHEN M X, WANG T, LI S Y, ZHANG Q S, ZHANG M, XU H J, LIU J L, LIANG J F, ZHU J, DUAN X F. Covalent selenium embedded in hierarchical carbon nanofibers for ultra-high areal capacity Li-Se batteries[J]. iScience, 2020, 23(3): 100919 doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.100919
27. [27]
  KALIMUTHU B, NALLATHAMBY K. Designed formulation of Se-impregnated N-containing hollow core mesoporous shell carbon spheres: Multifunctional potential cathode for Li-Se and Na-Se batteries[J]. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2017, 9(32): 26756-26770 doi: 10.1021/acsami.7b05103
28. [28]
  ZHAO X S, YIN L C, ZHANG T, ZHANG M, FANG Z B, WANG C Z, WEI Y J, CHEN G, ZHANG D, SUN Z H, LI F. Heteroatoms dual-doped hierarchical porous carbon-selenium composite for durable Li-Se and Na-Se batteries[J]. Nano Energy, 2018, 49: 137-146 doi: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.04.045
29. [29]
  LU S J, LIN J Y, WANG C H, ZHANG Y F, ZHANG Y, FAN H S. Heterogeneous engineering of MnSe@NC@ReS₂ core-shell nanowires for advanced sodium-/potassium-ion batteries[J]. Rare Met., 2024, 43(8): 3713-3723 doi: 10.1007/s12598-024-02650-8
30. [30]
  GAO X J, YANG X F, WANG S Z, SUN Q, ZHAO C T, LI X N, LIANG J W, ZHENG M, ZHAO Y, WANG J W, LI M S, LI R, SHAM T K, SUN X L. A 3D-printed ultra-high Se loading cathode for high energy density quasi-solid-state Li-Se batteries[J]. J. Mater. Chem. A, 2020, 8(1): 278-286 doi: 10.1039/C9TA10623E
31. [31]
  DING J, ZHOU H, ZHANG H, STEPHENSON T, LI Z, KARPUZOV D, MITLIN D. Exceptional energy and new insight with a sodium- selenium battery based on a carbon nanosheet cathode and a pseudographite anode[J]. Energ. Environ. Sci., 2017, 10(1): 153-165 doi: 10.1039/C6EE02274J
32. [32]
  ZHANG H, JIA D D, YANG Z W, YU F Q, SU Y L, WANG D J, SHEN Q. Alkaline lignin-derived porous carbon as an efficient scaffold for lithium-selenium battery cathode[J]. Carbon, 2017, 122: 547-555 doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2017.07.004
33. [33]
  YUAN B B, SUN X Z, ZENG L C, YU Y, WANG Q S. A freestanding and long-life sodium-selenium cathode by encapsulation of selenium into microporous multichannel carbon nanofibers[J]. Small, 2018, 14(9): 1703252 doi: 10.1002/smll.201703252
34. [34]
  MUKKABLA R, DESHAGANI S, MEDURI P, DEEPA M, GHOSAL P. Selenium/graphite platelet nanofiber composite for durable Li-Se batteries[J]. ACS Energy Lett., 2017, 2(6): 1288-1295 doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.7b00251
35. [35]
  YI Z Q, YUAN L X, SUN D, LI Z, WU C, YANG W J, WEN Y W, SHAN B, HUANG Y H. High-performance lithium-selenium batteries promoted by heteroatom-doped microporous carbon[J]. J. Mater. Chem. A, 2015, 3(6): 3059-3065 doi: 10.1039/C4TA06141A
36. [36]
  CAI Q F, LI Y Y, WANG L, LI Q W, XU J, GAO B, ZHANG X M, HUO K F, CHU P K. Freestanding hollow double-shell Se@CN_x nanobelts as large-capacity and high-rate cathodes for Li-Se batteries[J]. Nano Energy, 2017, 32: 1-9 doi: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2016.12.010
37. [37]
  LI H X, LANG J W, LEI S L, CHEN J T, WANG K J, LIU L Y, ZHANG T Y, LIU W S, YAN X B. A high-performance sodium-ion hybrid capacitor constructed by metal-organic framework-derived anode and cathode materials[J]. Adv. Funct. Mater., 2018, 28(30): 1800757 doi: 10.1002/adfm.201800757
1. [1]
  Qi Xia , Ke Yan , Ke Jin , Yang Wu , Yanan Fu , Ding Chen , Huixin Chen , Hongjun Yue . Interface design of tea stem-derived micropore carbon enables high-performance Na-Se batteries. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(10): 110406-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110406
2. [2]
  Fanjun Kong , Yixin Ge , Shi Tao , Zhengqiu Yuan , Chen Lu , Zhida Han , Lianghao Yu , Bin Qian . Engineering and understanding SnS_0.5Se_0.5@N/S/Se triple-doped carbon nanofibers for enhanced sodium-ion batteries. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(4): 108552-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108552
3. [3]
  Ruonan Yang , Jiajia Li , Dongmei Zhang , Xiuqi Zhang , Xia Li , Han Yu , Zhanhu Guo , Chuanxin Hou , Gang Lian , Feng Dang . Grain-refining Co_0.85Se@CNT cathode catalyst with promoted Li₂O₂ growth kinetics for lithium-oxygen batteries. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(12): 109595-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109595
4. [4]
  Yuwan Lu , Xiaodan Zhang , Yuming Huang . Dual-site Se/NC specific peroxidase-like nanozyme for highly sensitive methimazole detection. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(4): 110129-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110129
5. [5]
  Yan Wang , Huixin Chen , Fuda Yu , Shanyue Wei , Jinhui Song , Qianfeng He , Yiming Xie , Miaoliang Huang , Canzhong Lu . Oxygen self-doping pyrolyzed polyacrylic acid as sulfur host with physical/chemical adsorption dual function for lithium-sulfur batteries. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(7): 109001-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109001
6. [6]
  Bin Feng , Tao Long , Ruotong Li , Yuan-Li Ding . Rationally constructing metallic Sn-ZnO heterostructure via in-situ Mn doping for high-rate Na-ion batteries. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(2): 110273-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110273
7. [7]
  Zhenqiang Guo , Huicong Yang , Qian Wei , Shengjun Xu , Guangjian Hu , Shuo Bai , Feng Li . Dual-additives enable stable electrode-electrolyte interfaces for long life Li-SPAN batteries. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(5): 108622-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108622
8. [8]
  Jing Liu , Fei Wang , Huijie Wei , Yong Liu , Xiaoliang Zhai , Sifan Wen , Qiaobao Zhang . Fabrication and application of binder-free cathodes in high-performance lithium-chalcogen (S, Se, Te) batteries: A review. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(11): 110475-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110475
9. [9]
  Aonan Wang , Jingwen Dai , Yiming Guo , Fanghua Ning , Xiaoyu Liu , Sidra Subhan , Jiaqian Qin , Shigang Lu , Jin Yi . Imidazolium bromide based dual-functional redox mediator for the construction of dendrite-free Li-CO₂ batteries. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(7): 110186-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110186
10. [10]
  Xi Tang , Chunlei Zhu , Yulu Yang , Shihan Qi , Mengqiu Cai , Abdullah N. Alodhayb , Jianmin Ma . Additive regulating Li⁺ solvation structure to construct dual LiF−rich electrode electrolyte interphases for sustaining 4.6 V Li||LiCoO₂ batteries. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(12): 110014-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110014
11. [11]
  Xinpin Pan , Yongjian Cui , Zhe Wang , Bowen Li , Hailong Wang , Jian Hao , Feng Li , Jing Li . Robust chemo-mechanical stability of additives-free SiO₂ anode realized by honeycomb nanolattice for high performance Li-ion batteries. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(10): 109567-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109567
12. [12]
  Ziling Jiang , Shaoqing Chen , Chaochao Wei , Ziqi Zhang , Zhongkai Wu , Qiyue Luo , Liang Ming , Long Zhang , Chuang Yu . Enabling superior electrochemical performance of NCA cathode in Li_5.5PS_4.5Cl_1.5-based solid-state batteries with a dual-electrolyte layer. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(4): 108561-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108561
13. [13]
  Xinyu Guo , Chang Li , Wenjun Deng , Yi Zhou , Yan Chen , Yushuang Xu , Rui Li . Phase engineering and heteroatom incorporation enable defect-rich MoS₂ for long life aqueous iron-ion batteries. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(3): 109715-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109715
14. [14]
  Zhong-Hui Sun , Yu-Qi Zhang , Zhen-Yi Gu , Dong-Yang Qu , Hong-Yu Guan , Xing-Long Wu . CoPSe nanoparticles confined in nitrogen-doped dual carbon network towards high-performance lithium/potassium ion batteries. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(1): 109590-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109590
15. [15]
  Tianyi Hou , Yunhui Huang , Henghui Xu . Interfacial engineering for advanced solid-state Li-metal batteries. Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry, 2024, 43(7): 100313-100313. doi: 10.1016/j.cjsc.2024.100313
16. [16]
  Yongjian Li , Xinyu Zhu , Chenxi Wei , Youyou Fang , Xinyu Wang , Yizhi Zhai , Wenlong Kang , Lai Chen , Duanyun Cao , Meng Wang , Yun Lu , Qing Huang , Yuefeng Su , Hong Yuan , Ning Li , Feng Wu . Unraveling the chemical and structural evolution of novel Li-rich layered/rocksalt intergrown cathode for Li-ion batteries. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(12): 109536-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109536
17. [17]
  Bao Li , Pengyao Yan , Mengmin Jia , Liang Wang , Yaru Qiao , Haowen Li , Canhui Wu , Zhuangzhuang Zhang , Dongmei Dai , Dai-Huo Liu . Engineering lithiophilic LiC_x layer to robust interfacial chemistry between LAGP and Li anode for Li-metal batteries. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(7): 110145-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110145
18. [18]
  Xuejie Gao , Xinyang Chen , Ming Jiang , Hanyan Wu , Wenfeng Ren , Xiaofei Yang , Runcang Sun . Long-lifespan thin Li anode achieved by dead Li rejuvenation and Li dendrite suppression for all-solid-state lithium batteries. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(10): 109448-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109448
19. [19]
  Zheng Li , Fangkun Li , Xijun Xu , Jun Zeng , Hangyu Zhang , Lei Xi , Yiwen Wu , Linwei Zhao , Jiahe Chen , Jun Liu , Yanping Huo , Shaomin Ji . A scalable approach to Na₄Fe₃(PO₄)₂P₂O₇@carbon/expanded graphite as cathode for ultralong-lifespan and low-temperature sodium-ion batteries. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(10): 110390-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110390
20. [20]
  Yue Wang , Wenli Hu , Binchao Shi , He Jia , Shilin Mei , Chang-Jiang Yao . Design of carbon@WS₂ host with graham condenser-like structure for tunable sulfur loading of lithium-sulfur batteries. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(6): 110065-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110065

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Metrics

PDF Downloads(0)
Abstract views(329)
HTML views(18)

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142