Synergistic nitrogen doping and carbon support in TiO2 for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue and oxytetracycline
- Corresponding author: Xiaojuan HUANG, huangxj@ms.xjb.ac.cn Jun LI, junli107@163.com
Citation:
Ruru MA, Yingjie SONG, Yahui LI, Ermin ZHOU, Deqiang LI, Xiaojuan HUANG, Jun LI. Synergistic nitrogen doping and carbon support in TiO2 for enhanced photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue and oxytetracycline[J]. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry,
;2026, 42(3): 641-656.
doi:
10.11862/CJIC.20250221
WANG W L, KE X. N-doped BC/Ferrite collaborative degradation of antibiotics: Synthesis and mechanism research[J]. Mater. Sci. Semicond. Process., 2025, 194: 109527
doi: 10.1016/j.mssp.2025.109527
RUZIWA D T, OLUWALANA A E, MUPA M, MEILI L, SELVASEMBIAN R, NINDI M M, SILLANPAA M, GWENZI W, CHAUKURA N. Pharmaceuticals in wastewater and their photocatalytic degradation using nano-enabled photocatalysts[J]. J. Water Process. Eng., 2023, 54: 103880
doi: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2023.103880
ZENG D B, YU C L, FAN Q Z, ZENG J L, WEI L F, LI Z S, YANG K, JI H B. Theoretical and experimental research of novel fluorine doped hierarchical Sn3O4 microspheres with excellent photocatalytic performance for removal of Cr (Ⅵ) and organic pollutants[J]. Chem. Eng. J., 2020, 391: 123607
doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2019.123607
WANG F, ZHU Z Z, GUO J. 2D-2D ZnO/N doped g-C3N4 composite photocatalyst for antibiotics degradation under visible light[J]. RSC Adv., 2021, 11(56): 35663-35672
doi: 10.1039/D1RA06607B
DE OLIVEIRA DEMARCO J, HUTCHINSON S L, PARAMESWARAN P, HETTIARACHCHI G, MOORE T. Removal of antibiotics from swine wastewater using an environmentally friendly biochar: Performance and mechanisms[J]. ACS Omega, 2025, 10(8): 7711-7721
doi: 10.1021/acsomega.4c07266
YU C L, HE H B, LIU X Q, ZENG J L, LIU Z. Novel SiO2 nanoparticle-decorated BiOCl nanosheets exhibiting high photocatalytic performances for the removal of organic pollutants[J]. Chin. J. Catal., 2019, 40(8): 1212-1221
doi: 10.1016/S1872-2067(19)63359-0
GUO J L, HUANG M H, MENG L J, JIANG N, ZHENG S Y, SHAO M Y, LUO X B. Synergistic impacts of Cu2+ on simultaneous removal of tetracycline and tetracycline resistance genes by PSF/TPU/UiO forward osmosis membrane[J]. Environ. Res., 2021, 195: 110791
doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.110791
LI X, LI J Y, SONG J Y, LI Z Y, YUAN X C, MENG L Y, XU W Z, WANG Q W, YAN Q H, XIN S S, ZHOU C Z, LIU G C, XIN Y J. Fabrication of TiO2/CuFeO2 composites for oxytetracycline degradation through heterogeneous photo-Fenton-like process under visible light[J]. J. Environ. Manage., 2025, 388: 125932
doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2025.125932
ARAKI J. Dye adsorption revisited: Application of the cationic dye adsorption method for the quantitative determination of the acidic surface groups of nanocellulose materials[J]. Cellulose, 2021, 28(12): 7707-7715
doi: 10.1007/s10570-021-04035-x
CHAWRABA K, EL MALTI W, AKIL A, HAMIEH M, HAMMOUD M, PATRA D, TOUFAILY J, HIJAZI A. Optimized adsorption of dyes and antibiotics onto natural acacia ataxacantha for water treatment[J]. ACS Omega, 2025, 10: 24847-24861
doi: 10.1021/acsomega.5c02046
VARJANI S, RAKHOLIYA P, NG H Y, YOU S, TEIXEIRA J A. Microbial degradation of dyes: An overview[J]. Bioresour. Technol., 2020, 314: 123728
doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123728
ALVES FILHO C T, DE ALMEIDA M C, DE SA F P, DE OLIVEIRA T F. Study and construction of a sustainable solar photocatalytic reactor: Indigo carmine blue food dye degradation[J]. Desalin. Water Treat., 2023, 314: 210-218
doi: 10.5004/dwt.2023.30086
SAKARKAR S, MUTHUKUMRAN S, JEGATHEESAN V. Factors affecting the degradation of remazol turquoise blue (RTB) dye by titanium dioxide (TiO2) entrapped photocatalytic membrane[J]. J. Environ. Manage., 2020, 272: 111090
doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111090
YU C L, HE H B, FAN Q Z, XIE W Y, LIU Z, JI H B. Novel B-doped BiOCl nanosheets with exposed (001) facets and photocatalytic mechanism of enhanced degradation efficiency for organic pollutants[J]. Sci. Total Environ., 2019, 694: 133727
doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.133727
YANG J, YANG R H, HE C, XU C H, XU L Y, HU Z H, WANG W. Novel insights into ammonia nitrogen removal: TiO2-based photocatalysts and potential of intimate coupling biodegradation[J]. J. Environ. Chem. Eng., 2025, 13(2): 115962
doi: 10.1016/j.jece.2025.115962
PAWAR T J, CONTRERAS LOPEZ D, OLIVARES ROMERO J L, VALLEJO MONTESINOS J. Surface modification of titanium dioxide[J]. J. Mater. Sci., 2023, 58(16): 6887-6930
doi: 10.1007/s10853-023-08439-x
LIU X H, YANG Y, LI H P, YANG Z G, FANG Y. Visible light degradation of tetracycline using oxygen-rich titanium dioxide nanosheets decorated by carbon quantum dots[J]. Chem. Eng. J., 2021, 408: 127259
doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2020.127259
SHI Z J, MA M G, ZHU J F. Recent development of photocatalysts containing carbon species: A review[J]. Catalysts, 2018, 9(1): 20
doi: 10.3390/catal9010020
WANG Z J, CHANGOTRA R, DASOG M, SINGH SELOPAL G, YANG J, HE Q S. Carbon quantum dots: Synthesis via hydrothermal processing, doping strategies, integration with photocatalysts, and their application in photocatalytic hydrogen production[J]. Sustain. Mater. Technol., 2025, 44: e01386
VENU SREEKALA S, SREEJA PRAMOD A, PAROLA A, KAZHUTHUTTIL KOCHU J, THOPPIL RAMAKRISHNAN R. Modified bentonite loaded with non-metal doped titanium dioxide for the removal of heavy metal ions and dyes from wastewater[J]. J. Sol‒Gel Sci. Technol., 2025, 114(2): 349-364
doi: 10.1007/s10971-025-06683-y
CHEN F Y, YU C L, WEI L F, FAN Q Z, MA F, ZENG J L, YI J H, YANG K, JI H B. Fabrication and characterization of ZnTiO3/Zn2Ti3O8/ZnO ternary photocatalyst for synergetic removal of aqueous organic pollutants and Cr(Ⅵ) ions[J]. Sci. Total Environ., 2020, 706: 136026
doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136026
ZHANG J J, LI Y X, LI L, LI W L, YANG C F. Dual functional N-doped TiO2-carbon composite fibers for efficient removal of water pollutants[J]. ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng., 2018, 6(10): 12893-12905
doi: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b02264
XIONG Z W, MENG Y J, LUO C B, LIU Z Q, LI D Q, LI J. Ti4+- dopamine/sodium alginate multicomponent complex derived N-doped TiO2@carbon nanocomposites for efficient removal of methyle[J]. Int. J. Biol. Macromol., 2023, 243: 125200
doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125200
TAN B T W, MOHD. RASHID N A, MOHAMAD IDRIS N H, WUN W L, LEE H L. Facile sol-gel synthesis of C, N codoped-TiO2 for efficient degradation of palm oil mill effluent[J]. ACS Omega, 2025, 10(3): 2858-2870
doi: 10.1021/acsomega.4c08813
RAJA A, SELVAKUMAR K, RAJASEKARAN P, ARUNPANDIAN M, ASHOKKUMAR S, KAVIYARASU K, ASATH BAHADUR S, SWAMINATHAN M. Visible active reduced graphene oxide loaded titania for photodecomposition of ciprofloxacin and its antibacterial activity[J]. Colloids Surf. A‒Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 2019, 564: 23-30
doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.12.024
THAMARAI P, KAMALESH R, SHAJI A, SARAVANAN A, YAASHIKAA P R, VICKRAM A S. Advanced conversion technologies for resource recovery from waste biomass: Applications and emerging trends[J]. Chemosphere, 2025, 384: 144515
doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144515
ABDU M, WORKU A, BABAEE S, DIALE P, MSAGATI T A M, NURE J F. The development of TiO2-biochar composite material for photodegradation of basic blue 41 and erichrome black T azo dyes from water[J]. Surf. Interfaces, 2025, 62: 106156
doi: 10.1016/j.surfin.2025.106156
SONG Y J, LI H C, XIONG Z W, CHENG L, DU M, LIU Z Q, LI J, LI D Q. TiO2/carbon composites from waste sawdust for methylene blue photodegradation[J]. Diam. Relat. Mat., 2023, 136: 109918
doi: 10.1016/j.diamond.2023.109918
SANTAMARIA L, VICENTE M A, KORILI S A, GIL A. Effect of the preparation method and metal content on the synthesis of metal modified titanium oxide used for the removal of salicylic acid under UV light[J]. Environ. Technol., 2018, 41(16): 2073-2084
MOHAMED F, ABUKHADRA M R, SHABAN M. Removal of safranin dye from water using polypyrrole nanofiber/Zn-Fe layered double hydroxide nanocomposite (Ppy NF/Zn-Fe LDH) of enhanced adsorption and photocatalytic properties[J]. Sci. Total Environ., 2018, 640-641: 352-363
LI J, YANG Z L, DING T, SONG Y J, LI H C, LI D Q, CHEN S, XU F. The role of surface functional groups of pectin and pectin-based materials on the adsorption of heavy metal ions and dyes[J]. Carbohydr. Polym., 2022, 276: 118789
doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118789
ZHANG W Y, YANG Y N, XIA R Q, LI Y C, ZHAO J Q, LIN L, CAO J M, WANG Q H, LIU Y, GUO H W. Graphene-quantum-dots-induced MnO2 with needle-like nanostructure grown on carbonized wood as advanced electrode for supercapacitors[J]. Carbon, 2020, 162: 114-123
doi: 10.1016/j.carbon.2020.02.039
DJELLABI R, YANG B, WANG Y, CUI X Q, ZHAO X. Carbonaceous biomass-titania composites with Ti—O—C bonding bridge for efficient photocatalytic reduction of Cr(Ⅵ) under narrow visible light[J]. Chem. Eng. J., 2019, 366: 172-180
doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2019.02.035
HUI K C, ANG W L, SAMBUDI N S. Nitrogen and bismuth-doped rice husk-derived carbon quantum dots for dye degradation and heavy metal removal[J]. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A‒Chem., 2021, 418: 113411
doi: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2021.113411
VIJAYA Y, POPURI S R, REDDY A S, KRISHNAIAH A. Synthesis and characterization of glutaraldehyde-crosslinked calcium alginate for fluoride removal from aqueous solutions[J]. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2011, 120(6): 3443-3452
doi: 10.1002/app.33375
DIVYASRI Y V, REDDY N L, LEE K, SAKAR M, RAO V N, VENKATRAMU V, SHANKAR M V, REDDY N C G. Optimization of N doping in TiO2 nanotubes for the enhanced solar light mediated photocatalytic H2 production and dye degradation[J]. Environ. Pollut., 2021, 269: 116170
doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116170
LUO H, YU S L, ZHONG M, HAN Y Q, SU B T, LEI Z Q. Waste biomass-assisted synthesis of TiO2 and N/O-contained graphene-like biochar composites for enhanced adsorptive and photocatalytic performances[J]. J. Alloy. Compd., 2022, 899: 163287
doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2021.163287
GUO Y J, CHENG W, LIU P S. Porous ceramic foam loading titanium dioxide for photocatalytic degradation of the methyl orange solution[J]. Multidiscip. Model. Mater. Struct., 2019, 15(6): 1366-1378
doi: 10.1108/MMMS-03-2019-0049
Fei ZHOU , Xiaolin JIA . Co3O4/TiO2 composite photocatalyst: Preparation and synergistic degradation performance of toluene. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(11): 2232-2240. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240236
Qi HUANG , Youyi WANG , Zhujian MAO , Zhonghui YE , Weihan CHEN , Jui-yeh RAU , Jian HUANG . Enhanced photocatalytic tetracycline degradation via 2D CdS/Ti3AlC2 MAX heterostructure. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(11): 2385-2398. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20250159
Wenda WANG , Jinku MA , Yuzhu WEI , Shuaishuai MA . Waste biomass-derived carbon modified porous graphite carbon nitride heterojunction for efficient photodegradation of oxytetracycline in seawater. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(4): 809-822. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20230353
Min ZHU , Yuxin WANG , Xiao LI , Yaxu XU , Junwen ZHU , Zihao WANG , Yu ZHU , Xiaochen HUANG , Dan XU , Monsur Showkot Hossain Abul . Construction of AgVO3/ZIF-8 composites for enhanced degradation of tetracycline. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(5): 994-1006. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240392
Jin ZHANG , Yuting WANG , Bin YU , Yuxin ZHONG , Yufeng ZHANG . Corn straw-derived carbon/BiOBr composite: Synthesis and photocatalytic degradation performance for rhodamine B. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(7): 1397-1408. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20250028
Xiaofan ZHANG , Yu DUAN , Meijie SHI , Nan LU , Renhong LI , Xiaoqing YAN . Z-scheme Co3O4/BiOBr heterojunction for efficient photoreduction CO2 reduction. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(9): 1878-1888. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20250079
Lixing LU , Shaoxian LIU , Jian XU , Ziqi JIN , Jiongjia CHENG , Jiyang ZHAO , Fubo WANG , Haiying WANG . [FeFe]-hydrogenase-containing compound and its photocatalytic H2-production performance. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(12): 2584-2590. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20250200
Ruolin CHENG , Yue WANG , Fei YANG , Huagen LIANG , Shijian LU . Application of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in photocatalytic CO2 cycloaddition reaction: A mini review. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(12): 2429-2440. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20250242
Jun LI , Huipeng LI , Hua ZHAO , Qinlong LIU . Preparation and photocatalytic performance of AgNi bimetallic modified polyhedral bismuth vanadate. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(3): 601-612. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20230401
Huirong LIU , Hao XU , Dunru ZHU , Junyong ZHANG , Chunhua GONG , Jingli XIE . Syntheses, structures, photochromic and photocatalytic properties of two viologen-polyoxometalate hybrid materials. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(7): 1368-1376. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240066
Bing LIU , Huang ZHANG , Hongliang HAN , Changwen HU , Yinglei ZHANG . Visible light degradation of methylene blue from water by triangle Au@TiO2 mesoporous catalyst. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(5): 941-952. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20230398
Yiqian Jiang , Zihan Yang , Xiuru Bi , Nan Yao , Peiqing Zhao , Xu Meng . Mediated electron transfer process in α-MnO2 catalyzed Fenton-like reaction for oxytetracycline degradation. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(8): 109331-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109331
Xin Wang , Changzhao Chen , Qishen Wang , Kai Dai . Graphene quantum dot modified Bi2MoO6 nanoflower for efficient degradation of BPA under visible light. Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry, 2024, 43(12): 100473-100473. doi: 10.1016/j.cjsc.2024.100473
Jing Wang , Zenghui Li , Xiaoyang Liu , Bochao Su , Honghong Gong , Chao Feng , Guoping Li , Gang He , Bin Rao . Fine-tuning redox ability of arylene-bridged bis(benzimidazolium) for electrochromism and visible-light photocatalysis. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(9): 109473-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109473
Yingqi BAI , Hua ZHAO , Huipeng LI , Xinran REN , Jun LI . Perovskite LaCoO3/g-C3N4 heterojunction: Construction and photocatalytic degradation properties. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(3): 480-490. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240259
Liangbo Zhang , Jun Cheng , Yahui Shi , Kunjie Hou , Qi An , Jingyi Li , Baohui Cui , Fei Chen . Efficient removal of tetracycline hydrochloride by ZnO/HNTs composites under visible light: Kinetics, degradation pathways and mechanism. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2025, 36(7): 110400-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.110400
Ruolin CHENG , Haoran WANG , Jing REN , Yingying MA , Huagen LIANG . Efficient photocatalytic CO2 cycloaddition over W18O49/NH2-UiO-66 composite catalyst. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(3): 523-532. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20230349
Kun WANG , Wenrui LIU , Peng JIANG , Yuhang SONG , Lihua CHEN , Zhao DENG . Hierarchical hollow structured BiOBr-Pt catalysts for photocatalytic CO2 reduction. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(7): 1270-1278. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240037
Zhuo WANG , Junshan ZHANG , Shaoyan YANG , Lingyan ZHOU , Yedi LI , Yuanpei LAN . Preparation and photocatalytic performance of CeO2-reduced graphene oxide by thermal decomposition. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(9): 1708-1718. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240067
Ronghui LI . Photocatalysis performance of nitrogen-doped CeO2 thin films via ion beam-assisted deposition. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(6): 1123-1130. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240440