Citation: Chenyang WANG, Yiyan BAI, Wei ZHANG, Zhaorong LIU, Yuchun WANG. Performance of photo-assisted copper oxide catalyzed hydrolysis of ammonia borane to produce hydrogen[J]. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, ;2026, 42(1): 97-110. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20250116 shu

Performance of photo-assisted copper oxide catalyzed hydrolysis of ammonia borane to produce hydrogen

Department of Applied Chemistry, Yuncheng University, Yuncheng, Shanxi 044000, China

Corresponding author: Chenyang WANG, wchy@ycu.edu.cn Yuchun WANG, 643709083@qq.com
Received Date: 3 April 2025
Revised Date: 2 December 2025

Figures(12)

A series of Cu₂O/CuO composite structures with adjustable valence states was successfully prepared by calcining nano-Cu₂O prepared by the liquid phase reduction method. The composite conventional catalytic performances under dark conditions and photo-assisted catalytic performances for hydrogen production by hydrolysis of ammonia borane were tested, respectively. The catalysts were systematically characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and a UV-visible spectrophotometer. The results show that the Cu₂O/CuO composite formed a raspberry-like nano-hollow sphere, in which the CuO content increases with increasing calcination time, and the absorption and utilization of visible light were enhanced compared to single-phase Cu₂O. Under visible light-assisted conditions, the rate of hydrogen production by catalytic hydrolysis of the composite structure could reach up to 150.09 mL·g^-1·min^-1, and the activation energy required for the reaction was only 37.1 kJ·mol^-1, which was significantly better than that under dark conditions. The Cu₂O/CuO catalyst underwent surface reconstruction to form Cu/Cu₂O/CuO during the catalytic hydrolysis of ammonia borane. The composite structure of metal and oxide provides a more efficient active hydrogen production process under visible light, thereby enhancing the catalytic activity.
- ammonia borane,
- hydrogen production by hydrolysis,
- catalyst,
- copper oxide,
- photo-assisted
1. [1]
  REN G J, LI N, WU J, CHANG Q, XUE C R, YANG J L, HU S L. Hydrolysis of ammonia borane using a carbon dot-mediated Cu-Cu₂O nanocatalyst enabled with photothermal and photocatalytic coupling[J]. ACS Appl. Nano Mater., 2024, 7(6): 6659-6668 doi: 10.1021/acsanm.4c00630
2. [2]
  FANG M J, LIN Y C, JAN J Y, LAI T H, HSIEH P Y, KUO M Y, CHIU Y H, TSAO C W, CHEN Y A, WANG Y T, HONG Y J, WU J Y, WU Y C S, LIN Y G, CHANG T F M, CHEN C Y, SONE M, CHANG S M, CHANG C L, HSU Y J. Au@Cu₂O core@shell nanocrystals as sustainable catalysts for efficient hydrogen production from ammonia borane[J]. Appl. Catal. B‒Environ., 2023, 324: 122198 doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2022.122198
3. [3]
  BHASKAR M P, NAIR S, SANTHANAGOPALAN D. Cobalt-free CuO catalyst for hydrolytic dehydrogenation of sodium borohydride and ammonia borane[J]. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy, 2024, 51: 551-561 doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.08.260
4. [4]
  ZHOU S Q, YANG Q L, LIU Y, CHENG L R, TAYLOR ISIMJAN T, TIAN J N, YANG X L. Electronic metal-support interactions for defect-induced Ru/Co-Sm₂O₃ mesosphere to achieve efficient NaBH₄ hydrolysis activity[J]. J. Catal., 2024, 433: 115491 doi: 10.1016/j.jcat.2024.115491
5. [5]
  LIAO J Y, FENG Y F, ZHANG X B, HUANG L X, HUANG S Q, LIU M W, LIU Q B, LI H. CuO-Co₃O₄ composite nanoplatelets for hydrolyzing ammonia borane[J]. ACS Appl. Nano Mater., 2021, 4(8): 7640-7649 doi: 10.1021/acsanm.1c00713
6. [6]
  ASIM M, ZHANG S, MARYAM B, XIAO J, SHI C, PAN L, ZOU J J. Pt loading to promote hydrogen evolution from ammonia-borane hydrolysis of Ni₂P under visible light[J]. Appl. Surf. Sci., 2023, 620: 156787 doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2023.156787
7. [7]
  GUO L T, CAI Y Y, GE J M, ZHANG Y N, GONG L H, LI X H, WANG K X, REN Q Z, SU J, CHEN J S. Multifunctional Au-Co@CN nanocatalyst for highly efficient hydrolysis of ammonia borane[J]. ACS Catal., 2014, 5(1): 388-392
8. [8]
  FENG Y F, ZHANG X F, SHAO Y X, CHEN X D, WANG H Z, LI J H, WU M, DONG H F, LIU Q B, LI H. Modulating the acidic properties of mesoporous Mo_x-Ni_0.8Cu_0.2O nanowires for enhanced catalytic performance toward the methanolysis of ammonia borane for hydrogen production[J]. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2022, 14(24): 27979-27993 doi: 10.1021/acsami.2c06234
9. [9]
  LI X G, YAO Q L, SHI R W, HUANG M S, LU Z H. A step-growth strategy to grow vertical porous aromatic framework nanosheets on graphene oxide: Hybrid material-confined Co for ammonia borane methanolysis[J]. Carbon Energy, 2023, 5(10): e357 doi: 10.1002/cey2.357
10. [10]
  SONG B, LI N, CHANG Q, XUE C R, YANG J L, HU S L. Water state-driven catalytic hydrolysis of ammonia borane on Cu₃P-carbon dot-Cu composite[J]. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2023, 15(18): 22123-22131 doi: 10.1021/acsami.3c01679
11. [11]
  LIAO J Y, SHAO Y X, FENG Y F, ZHANG J, SONG C X, ZENG W, TANG J T, DONG H F, LIU Q B, LI H. Interfacial charge transfer induced dual-active-sites of heterostructured Cu_0.8Ni_0.2Wo₄ nanoparticles in ammonia borane methanolysis for fast hydrogen production[J]. Appl. Catal. B‒Environ., 2023, 320: 121973 doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2022.121973
12. [12]
  JIN Z K, WEI T, XU C, JIA H B, SONG J J, ZHU H L, DU X B W, PENG Z X, WANG G, LIU J, DING H Y, HE F, WANG M, LI R H. Synthesis of nanocrystalline cobalt boride for efficient catalytic hydrogen production via ammonia borane hydrolysis[J]. Chinese J. Inorg. Chem., 2022, 38(12): 2392-2400 doi: 10.11862/CJIC.2022.242
13. [13]
  YAO Q L, ZHANG X L, LU Z H, XU Q. Metal-organic framework-based catalysts for hydrogen production from liquid-phase chemical hydrides[J]. Coord. Chem. Rev., 2023, 493: 215302 doi: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215302
14. [14]
  FENG Y F, LI Y Z, LIAO Q Y, ZHANG W M, HUANG Z Q, CHEN X, SHAO Y X, DONG H F, LIU Q B, LI H. Modulation the electronic structure of hollow structured CuO-NiCo₂O₄ nanosphere for enhanced catalytic activity towards methanolysis of ammonia borane[J]. Fuel, 2023, 332: 126045 doi: 10.1016/j.fuel.2022.126045
15. [15]
  FENG Y F, WANG H Z, CHEN X D, LV F, LI Y Z, ZHU Y M, XU C J, ZHANG X B, LIU H R, LI H. Simple synthesis of Cu₂O-CoO nanoplates with enhanced catalytic activity for hydrogen production from ammonia borane hydrolysis[J]. Int. J. Hydrog. Energy, 2020, 45(35): 17164-17173 doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.04.257
16. [16]
  LI Y Z, LI L L, FENG Y F, WANG H Z, LIAO J Y, REN J W, ZHOU W Y, HE M Y, LI H. Rattle-structured CuO/Co₃O₄@C microspheres, a potent bifunctional catalyst for hydrogen production from ammonia borane hydrolysis and methanolysis[J]. Appl. Surf. Sci., 2023, 636: 157840 doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2023.157840
17. [17]
  SHAO Y X, LI Y Z, LIAN X Q, CHE X T, LI Q Y, FENG Y F, WANG H Z, LIAO J Y, LIU Q B, LI H. Methanolysis of ammonia borane catalyzed by NiO-CuO heterostructured nanosheets: Cooperation of visible light and oxygen vacancy[J]. Rare Met., 2025, 44: 389-403 doi: 10.1007/s12598-024-02949-6
18. [18]
  LIAO J Y, WU Y J, FENG Y F, HU H, ZHANG L X, QIU J C, LI J H, LIU Q B, LI H. Boosted catalytic activity toward the hydrolysis of ammonia borane by mixing Co- and Cu-based catalysts[J]. Catalysts, 2022, 12(4): 426 doi: 10.3390/catal12040426
19. [19]
  BUTENKO V R, KOMOVA O V, SIMAGINA V I, LIPATNIKOVA I L, OZEROVA A M, DANILOVA N A, ROGOV V A, ODEGOVA G V, BULAVCHENKO O A, CHESALOV Y A, NETSKINA O V. Co and Co₃O₄ in the hydrolysis of boron-containing hydrides: H₂O activation on the metal and oxide active centers[J]. Materials, 2024, 17(8): 1794 doi: 10.3390/ma17081794
20. [20]
  XU B, YANG X S, CHEN C S, ZHOU L, ZHOU S B, ZHANG K M, LIU X Q, JIANG W D. Attractive tandem hydrogenation of nitroaromatics using ab as a hydrogen source over pomelo peel-templated bimetallic CuO-NiO/PP nanocomposites[J]. ACS Appl. Nano Mater., 2024, 7(13): 15557-15569 doi: 10.1021/acsanm.4c02456
21. [21]
  ZHU Q H, DENG Z S, XIE H J, XING M Y, ZHANG J L. Investigation of concerted proton-electron donors for promoting the selective production of HCOOH in CO₂ photoreduction[J]. ACS Catal., 2023, 13(5): 3254-3262 doi: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00101
22. [22]
  GAWANDE M B, GOSWAMI A, FELPIN F X, ASEFA T, HUANG X X, SILVA R, ZOU X X, ZBORIL R, VARMA R S. Cu and Cu-based nanoparticles: Synthesis and applications in catalysis[J]. Chem. Rev., 2016, 116(6): 3722-3811 doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00482
23. [23]
  MA G J, TANG W X, WANG A Q, ZHANG L, GUAN J, HAN N, CHEN Y F. Heterojunctioned CuO/Cu₂O catalyst for highly efficient ozone removal[J]. J. Environ. Sci., 2023, 125: 340-348 doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.01.032
24. [24]
  LIU P P, DÖRFLER A, TABRIZI A A, SKOKAN L, RAWACH D, WANG P K, PENG Z Y, ZHANG J M, RUEDIGER A P, CLAVERIE J P. In operando photoswitching of Cu oxidation states in Cu-based plasmonic heterogeneous photocatalysis for efficient H₂ evolution[J]. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces, 2023, 15(23): 27832-27844 doi: 10.1021/acsami.3c01219
25. [25]
  YURDERI M, BULUT A, ERTAS İ E, ZAHMAKIRAN M, KAYA M. Supported copper-copper oxide nanoparticles as active, stable and low-cost catalyst in the methanolysis of ammonia-borane for chemical hydrogen storage[J]. Appl. Catal. B‒Environ., 2015, 165: 169-175 doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2014.10.011
26. [26]
  THOKA S, LEE A T, HUANG M H. Scalable synthesis of size- tunable small Cu₂O nanocubes and octahedra for facet-dependent optical characterization and pseudomorphic conversion to Cu nanocrystals[J]. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng., 2019, 7(12): 10467-10476 doi: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.9b00844
27. [27]
  DENG S, TJOA V, FAN H M, TAN H R, SAYLE D C, OLIVO M, MHAISALKAR S, WEI J, SOW C H. Reduced graphene oxide conjugated Cu₂O nanowire mesocrystals for high-performance NO₂ gas sensor[J]. J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2012, 134(10): 4905-4917 doi: 10.1021/ja211683m
28. [28]
  HU J, ZOU C, SU Y J, LI M, HAN Y T, KONG E S W, YANG Z, ZHANG Y F. An ultrasensitive NO₂ gas sensor based on a hierarchical Cu₂O/CuO mesocrystal nanoflower[J]. J. Mater. Chem. A, 2018, 6(35): 17120-17131 doi: 10.1039/C8TA04404J
29. [29]
  LI J W, GUO J S, ZHANG J X, SUN Z L, GAO J P. Surface etching and photodeposition nanostructures core-shell Cu₂O@CuO-Ag with S-scheme heterojunction for high efficiency photocatalysis[J]. Surf. Interfaces, 2022, 34: 102308 doi: 10.1016/j.surfin.2022.102308
30. [30]
  WANG N, TAO W, GONG X Q, ZHAO L P, WANG T S, ZHAO L J, LIU F M, LIU X M, SUN P, LU G Y. Highly sensitive and selective NO₂ gas sensor fabricated from Cu₂O-CuO microflowers[J]. Sens. Actuator B‒Chem., 2022, 362: 131803 doi: 10.1016/j.snb.2022.131803
31. [31]
  ZHAO C, FU H T, HE P, BAI Y, CHEN F, SHI N, MAO L Y, YANG X H, XIONG S X, AN X Z. Room-temperature sensing performance of CuO/Cu₂O nanocomposites towards n-butanol[J]. Sens. Actuator B‒Chem., 2022, 373: 132630 doi: 10.1016/j.snb.2022.132630
32. [32]
  JIANG D H, ZHANG Y G, LI X H. Synergistic effects of CuO and Au nanodomains on Cu₂O cubes for improving photocatalytic activity and stability[J]. Chin. J. Catal., 2019, 40(1): 105-113 doi: 10.1016/S1872-2067(18)63164-X
33. [33]
  AKBAYRAK S, ÇAKMAK G, ÖZTÜRK T, ÖZKAR S. Oxide coated nickel powder as support for platinum(0) nanoparticles: Magnetically separable catalysts for hydrogen generation from the hydrolysis of ammonia borane[J]. J. Alloy. Compd., 2024, 1002: 175199
34. [34]
  YANG Y W, LU Z H, CHEN X S. Cu-based nanocatalysts for hydrogen generation via hydrolysis and methanolysis of ammonia borane[J]. Mater. Technol., 2015, 30(sup2): A89-A93 doi: 10.1179/17535557A15Y.000000004
35. [35]
  CHANG J P, WANG C Y, HSU Y J, WANG C Y. Cu₂O/UiO-66-NH₂ composite photocatalysts for efficient hydrogen production from ammonia borane hydrolysis[J]. Appl. Catal. A‒Gen., 2023, 650: 119005 doi: 10.1016/j.apcata.2022.119005
36. [36]
  XU W J, ZHANG S L, SHEN R F, PENG Z K, LIU B Z, LI J, ZHANG Z Y, LI B J. A catalytic copper/cobalt oxide interface for efficient hydrogen generation[J]. Energy Environ. Mater., 2022, 6(2): e12279
37. [37]
  GUAN S Y, LIU Y Y, ZHANG H H, WEI H J, LIU T, WU X L, WEN H, SHEN R F, MEHDI S, GE X H, WANG C M, LIU B Z, LIANG E J, FAN Y P, LI B J. Atomic interface-exciting catalysis on cobalt nitride-oxide for accelerating hydrogen generation[J]. Small, 2022, 18(22): 2107417 doi: 10.1002/smll.202107417
38. [38]
  WANG C Y, REN Y Y, ZHAO J L, SUN S, DU X H, WANG M M, MA G, YU H R, LI L L, YU X F, ZHANG X H, LU Z M, YANG X J. Oxygen vacancy-attired dual-active-sites Cu/Cu_0.76Co_2.24O₄ drives electron transfer for efficient ammonia borane dehydrogenation[J]. Appl. Catal. B‒Environ., 2022, 314: 121494 doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2022.121494
39. [39]
  GUAN S Y, LIU Y Y, ZHANG H H, SHEN R F, WEN H, KANG N X, ZHOU J J, LIU B Z, FAN Y P, JIANG J C, LI B J. Recent advances and perspectives on supported catalysts for heterogeneous hydrogen production from ammonia borane[J]. Adv. Sci., 2023, 10(21): 2300726 doi: 10.1002/advs.202300726
40. [40]
  CUI L, CAO X Y, SUN X P, YANG W R, LIU J Q. A bunch-like copper oxide nanowire array as an efficient, durable, and economical catalyst for the methanolysis of ammonia borane[J]. ChemCatChem, 2018, 10(4): 710-715 doi: 10.1002/cctc.201701317
1. [1]
  Peng YUE , Liyao SHI , Jinglei CUI , Huirong ZHANG , Yanxia GUO . Effects of Ce and Mn promoters on the selective oxidation of ammonia over V₂O₅/TiO₂ catalyst. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(2): 293-307. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240210
2. [2]
  Wenruo NI , Hongpeng LI , Yun ZHANG , Yiran TIAN , Jiehui RUI , Yingcheng TONG , Xiaolin PI , Zhenyan TANG . Research progress of ruthenium alloy catalysts in hydrogen evolution reaction. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2026, 42(1): 23-44. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20250188
3. [3]
  Jiayi Yang , Jianxiu Hao , Huacong Zhou , Quansheng Liu . “Gorgeous Transformation” of Carbon Dioxide into Cyclic Carbonates: Catalyst Types and Roles. University Chemistry, 2026, 41(2): 178-189. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202502105
4. [4]
  Bing WEI , Jianfan ZHANG , Zhe CHEN . Research progress in fine tuning of bimetallic nanocatalysts for electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(3): 425-439. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240201
5. [5]
  Wentao Xu , Xuyan Mo , Yang Zhou , Zuxian Weng , Kunling Mo , Yanhua Wu , Xinlin Jiang , Dan Li , Tangqi Lan , Huan Wen , Fuqin Zheng , Youjun Fan , Wei Chen . Bimetal Leaching Induced Reconstruction of Water Oxidation Electrocatalyst for Enhanced Activity and Stability. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(8): 2308003-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202308003
6. [6]
  Mei-Xia Yang , Zhen-Hong He , Long-Rui Wang , You-Xing Yang . Route for Turning Waste CH₄ and CO₂ into Valuable Products: Reforming for Syngas. University Chemistry, 2026, 41(2): 197-207. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202503012
7. [7]
  Yongwei ZHANG , Chuang ZHU , Wenbin WU , Yongyong MA , Heng YANG . Efficient hydrogen evolution reaction activity induced by ZnSe@nitrogen doped porous carbon heterojunction. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(4): 650-660. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240386
8. [8]
  Zhaoyu Wen , Na Han , Yanguang Li . Recent Progress towards the Production of H₂O₂ by Electrochemical Two-Electron Oxygen Reduction Reaction. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(2): 2304001-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202304001
9. [9]
  Qingqing SHEN , Xiangbowen DU , Kaicheng QIAN , Zhikang JIN , Zheng FANG , Tong WEI , Renhong LI . Self-supporting Cu/α-FeOOH/foam nickel composite catalyst for efficient hydrogen production by coupling methanol oxidation and water electrolysis. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(10): 1953-1964. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240028
10. [10]
  Jingkun Yu , Xue Yong , Ang Cao , Siyu Lu . Bi-Layer Single Atom Catalysts Boosted Nitrate-to-Ammonia Electroreduction with High Activity and Selectivity. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(6): 2307015-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202307015
11. [11]
  Jiapei Zou , Junyang Zhang , Xuming Wu , Cong Wei , Simin Fang , Yuxi Wang . A Comprehensive Experiment Based on Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction into Ammonia: Synthesis, Characterization, Performance Exploration, and Applicable Design of Copper-based Catalysts. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(6): 373-382. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202312081
12. [12]
  Yuying JIANG , Jia LUO , Zhan GAO . Development status and prospects of solid oxide cell high entropy electrode catalysts. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(9): 1719-1730. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20250124
13. [13]
  Wang Wang , Yucheng Liu , Shengli Chen . Use of NiFe Layered Double Hydroxide as Electrocatalyst in Oxygen Evolution Reaction: Catalytic Mechanisms, Electrode Design, and Durability. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(2): 2303059-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202303059
14. [14]
  Juan WANG , Zhongqiu WANG , Qin SHANG , Guohong WANG , Jinmao LI . NiS and Pt as dual co-catalysts for the enhanced photocatalytic H₂ production activity of BaTiO₃ nanofibers. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(9): 1719-1730. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240102
15. [15]
  Wenwen Ma , Lian Kong , Jinyang Chu , Li Ma , Ziqing Ma , Heyu Cheng , Xinyuan Li , Zhan Yu , Zhen Zhao . Digitalization-Driven Olefin Production: Digital Design of Catalysts for CO₂-Assisted Oxidation Dehydrogenation of Ethane to Ethylene. University Chemistry, 2026, 41(1): 363-372. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202506055
16. [16]
  Xue Dong , Xiaofu Sun , Shuaiqiang Jia , Shitao Han , Dawei Zhou , Ting Yao , Min Wang , Minghui Fang , Haihong Wu , Buxing Han . Electrochemical CO₂ Reduction to C₂₊ Products with Ampere-Level Current on Carbon-Modified Copper Catalysts. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(3): 100024-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202404012
17. [17]
  Jiali Lei , Juan Wang , Wenhui Zhang , Guohong Wang , Zihui Liang , Jinmao Li . TiO₂/CdIn₂S₄ S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst promotes photocatalytic hydrogen evolution coupled vanillyl alcohol oxidation. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(12): 100174-0. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100174
18. [18]
  Shijie Ren , Mingze Gao , Rui-Ting Gao , Lei Wang . Bimetallic Oxyhydroxide Cocatalyst Derived from CoFe MOF for Stable Solar Water Splitting. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(7): 2307040-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202307040
19. [19]
  Xue Liu , Lipeng Wang , Luling Li , Kai Wang , Wenju Liu , Biao Hu , Daofan Cao , Fenghao Jiang , Junguo Li , Ke Liu . Research on Cu-Based and Pt-Based Catalysts for Hydrogen Production through Methanol Steam Reforming. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(5): 100049-0. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100049
20. [20]
  Asif Hassan Raza , Shumail Farhan , Zhixian Yu , Yan Wu . Double S-Scheme ZnS/ZnO/CdS Heterostructure Photocatalyst for Efficient Hydrogen Production. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(11): 2406020-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202406020

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Metrics

PDF Downloads(0)
Abstract views(78)
HTML views(17)

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142