源起于发霉甜苜蓿，脱胎于生化实验室，华法林先生起初作为一种强力灭鼠毒药大杀四方。然而，在进入医药领域的道路上，他却因毒药的身份标签和种种流言而饱受质疑和反对。科学家们揭示了华法林抗凝血的机制，并证明了华法林抗凝治疗对患者的益处。从此，华法林先生以及他的衍生物们成为了抗凝治疗和防治鼠害的前线战士。

A new metal-organic framework (MOF) {[Cd(L)_0.5(4, 4'-bpy)_0.5]·H₂O}_n (1), where H₄L=(1, 1': 4', 1″-terphenyl)-2, 2″, 4, 4″-tetracarboxylic acid, 4, 4'-bpy=4, 4'-bipyridine, was synthesized by hydro-solvothermal method. The structure of complex 1 was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, powder X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, and infrared spectrum analysis. The analysis of single crystal structure shows that 1 is a 3D structure, belonging to the monoclinic crystal system, C2/c space group. Cd(Ⅱ) connects L^4- and 4, 4'-bpy to form a 2D plane structure, and the layers are connected by L^4- to form a 3D network structure. The MOF shows good stability and can be used for the detection of tetracycline (TET) and p-nitrophenol (4-NP) by fluorescence quenching. The detection limits of TET and 4-NP were 0.15 and 0.062 μmol·L^-1, respectively. In addition, the fluorescence quenching mechanism of 1 was also studied. 1 can be successfully applied to the determination of TET and 4-NP content in Yanhe water samples.

In this work, p-phenylenediamine and L-cysteine were used as raw materials, and water-soluble N, S co-doped carbon dots (N, S-CDs) with excellent performance were prepared through a one-step solvothermal method. The morphology and structure of N, S-CDs were characterized by transmission electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and the basic photophysical properties were investigated via UV-Vis absorption spectra and fluorescence spectra. Meanwhile, the N, S-CDs have excellent luminescence stability with pH, ionic strength, radiation time, and storage time. Experimental results illustrated the present sensor platform exhibited high sensitivity and selectivity in response to baicalein with a detection limit of 85 nmol·L^-1. The quenching mechanism is proved to be the inner filter effect. In addition, this sensor can also detect baicalein in biofluids (serum and urine) with good accuracy and reproducibility.

笔者在大学入学之初就受教于华彤文老师，后来跟随华老师做研究、搞教学、写教材，直至担任《大学化学》主编时依然听取华老师的教诲。在此文中分享40余年来近距离观察、感受和学习华老师严谨治学、勇于担当的教学与研究的态度和方法，期待我国的化学教育教学事业薪火相传，持续发展。

To overcome the non-radiative energy dissipation that weakens the intrinsic emission of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), a fluorophore functionalization strategy was applied to restrict intramolecular ligand motion and to enhance the photoluminescence. Two analogous frameworks were synthesized and systematically compared: {[Cd(4bpyttz)(CDA)]·2DMF}_n (MOF 1), constructed from a ligand with a rigidly fused thiazolo[5,4-d]thiazole (TTZ) core, and [Cd(4bbpy)(CDA)]_n (MOF 2), which incorporates a freely rotatable phenyl core (4bpyttz=2,5-bis(pyridin-4-yl)thiazolo[5,4-d]thiazole, 4bbpy=1,4-bis(pyridin-4-yl)benzene, H₂CDA=4,4′-carbonyldibenzoic acid). Photophysical and density functional theory (DFT) studies reveal that the TTZ core localizes both the HOMO and LUMO on itself, thereby deactivating the ligand-to-ligand charge transfer (LLCT) pathway present in MOF 1. This core rigidification enforces ordered π…π stacking and suppresses non-radiative decay, leading to dramatically enhanced solid-state photoluminescence. Consequently, MOF 1 functions as a highly selective turn-off fluorescent sensor for nitrofuran antibiotics in aqueous media, achieving limits of detection of 1.59 μmol·L^-1 for nitrofurazone (NZF) and 2.77 μmol·L^-1 for nitrofurantoin (NFT). Mechanistic studies show that this rapid quenching is primarily governed by the inner filter effect (IFE) coupled with photoinduced electron transfer (PET).

借用拟人化、第一人称的手法，以Blog的形式对肽类激素催产素从基本概况、研究历史、功能作用等方面进行简要介绍，并与相关物质进行类比分析，用生动有趣的语言让人们对催产素形成初步的认识。

高效灭藻与生态安全之间的矛盾是光催化治理有害藻华(HABs)的关键瓶颈。传统铜基光催化剂虽具有灭藻效果，但常引发严重的二次污染与水生态毒性。为解决这一矛盾，我们通过将LaCoO₃ (LCO)钙钛矿八面体共价锚定于2,4,6-三羟基苯-1,3,5-三甲醛(TP)和2,5-二氨基-1,4-苯二硫醇二盐酸盐(DABDT)溶剂热聚合而成的PTP-DABDT酰胺-亚胺功能骨架上，构建了具有生物安全性的S型异质结光催化材料。飞秒瞬态吸收光谱(fs-TA)和原位光照X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等证实了内建电场(IEF)的形成。该电场驱动超快S型电荷转移，在保持强氧化还原电势的同时能够有效抑制载流子复合。因此，改良后的20LCO/PTP-DABDT复合材料展现出优异的“杀藻-净化”协同性能：在铜绿微囊藻中实现64.39%叶绿素a降解以抑制藻华增殖，同时降解藻细胞释放的微囊藻毒素。更重要的是，对比毒性分析揭示了范式转变——传统铜基杀藻剂会导致非靶标生物(花鲈)100%死亡，而本体系存活率始终高于90%。本研究提出开创性的“生态调控”策略，为兼顾高效灭藻与环境生物安全性提供了可持续解决方案。

析氢、析氧的动力学过程迟缓，带来电解水制氢能效低、成本高的问题，给绿氢的大规模应用设置了严重障碍。开发具有低成本、高催化性能的催化材料，是突破这一瓶颈问题的关键环节。近年来，高熵材料因其优异的物理和化学性能在各领域受到广泛关注。高的混合熵可以赋予材料大的晶格畸变、显著的迟滞扩散效应和“鸡尾酒”效应，为催化剂的成分设计和性能提升提供了良好平台。高熵材料也因此开始在电解水制氢领域崭露头角，并迅速成为解决绿氢制备低能效问题的一种理想催化剂，是该领域当前的一个研究热点。鉴于此，本文综述了高熵合金和高熵陶瓷在电解水催化方面的研究现状。文章首先基于电解水反应机制，总结了高熵合金、高熵陶瓷催化剂的成分设计和结构调控策略，梳理了用于析氢和析氧催化的不同高熵合金、高熵陶瓷成分体系，介绍了高熵电解水催化剂的合成方法，并对其优缺点进行了评估，最后对该领域面临的挑战和未来发展方向进行了展望，以期为低成本、高性能高熵电解水催化剂的开发提供新思路，促进绿氢相关技术的研究和发展。

维生素D，被誉为“阳光维生素”，在维护人体健康中具有不可或缺的作用。本文从化学角度出发，生动形象地介绍了维生素D的形成过程、发现过程、其在生物学上的功能以及在日常生活中的应用。通过深入了解维生素D，我们能更好地认识并学会如何合理利用这一重要营养素来维护自身健康。

运用拟人化手法，生动形象地介绍抗生素的发现史、分类、作用机制、对人体的不良反应及使用抗生素的注意事项，旨在让读者在趣味阅读中了解有关抗生素的基础知识。