双酮化合物与等物质的量的碳化钾(KC₈)和二(五氟苯基)氯硼烷一锅法直接合成了一系列含硼中性自由基二聚体1~3。利用核磁共振和单晶X射线衍射表征了该系列化合物的结构。晶体结构解析表明，3种化合物均为三斜晶系P1空间群。1的晶胞参数为a=0.914 93(3) nm，b=1.292 24(4) nm，c=1.526 46(6) nm，α=108.715(2)°，β=103.002(2)°，γ=102.557(2)°；2的晶胞参数为a=1.197 14(5) nm，b=1.352 20(6) nm，c=1.352 20(6) nm，α=96.108 0(10)°，β=105.189(2)°，γ=102.557(2)°；3的晶胞参数为a= 1.190 50(15) nm，b=1.362 4(2) nm，c=1.848 3(3) nm，α=77.376(6)°，β=79.817(5)°，γ=102.557(2)°。3种化合物均形成了四配位的硼中心，且其分子骨架分别以“头碰头”和“肩并肩”的形式发生σ二聚。结合密度泛函理论计算研究了其二聚键长的变化规律和可能的反应机理，晶体数据和理论计算数据显示，分子的二聚键长受骨架的共轭程度和二聚碳取代基的空间位阻效应协同影响。测试了3种分子的紫外可见吸收光谱和荧光发光性质，结果发现三者均在414 nm附近出现明显的吸收峰。荧光测试显示，二聚体2在480 nm处有发光峰，且荧光发射峰随溶液浓度增加发生轻微红移。

本文全面阐述了CO₂的历史、现状及其多方面的影响，深入探讨了CO₂的物理和化学利用方式，重点梳理了CO₂化学的发展历程，包括关键的CO₂化学反应机理。同时，从不同视角详细描述了人类为推进“双碳”目标所付出的努力，旨在为读者呈现CO₂在地球演变、科学研究以及社会发展中的重要角色，以及人类应对气候变化的行动与探索。

Herein, the positively charged two-dimensional (2D) porous silica (PSN⁺) nanosheet was obtained by modifying the 2D silica obtained from acid-etched 2D vermiculite, and then the PSN⁺ was used as the filler of polyethylene oxide (PEO)-based solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs). Given the abundant positive charges, PSN⁺ effectively binds with the anions dissociated from lithium salts, thereby promoting lithium-ion transport and achieving a decent lithium-ion transference number. At 50 ℃, the PSN⁺-based SPEs demonstrated a higher ionic conductivity of 7.5×10^-5 S·cm^-1, lithium-ion transference number of 0.30, and a stable voltage window of 4.41 V. Consequently, the as-assembled LiFePO₄||Li batteries delivered excellent initial discharge specific capacity of 155.7 mAh·g^-1 at 0.2C with 97.1% capacity retention after 100 cycles at 50 ℃.

采用溶剂热法，以2，5-二溴对苯二甲酸(H₂L)为配体，分别与六水合硝酸钕、六水合硝酸钆反应合成了2种镧系金属有机骨架(MOFs)：{[Nd₂(L)₃(DMF)₂(H₂O)₂]·2DMF}_n (1)和{[Gd₂(L)₃(DMF)₂(H₂O)₂]·2DMF}_n (2)。通过单晶X射线衍射、粉末X射线衍射、红外光谱、元素分析、荧光光谱、热重分析等测试方法对其进行了结构表征与性质研究。结果表明，2个配合物均是以稀土离子为金属节点，与配体相互连接，形成无限延伸的三维网状结构。

以2，5-二溴对苯二甲酸(H₂BDC-Br₂)为桥联配体，采用快速合成法，与HfCl₄进行自组装，成功制备了一个与传统UiO-66结构相同的三维多孔铪基金属有机框架(UiO-66-Br₂-Hf) (1)。首先通过热重分析(TGA)、粉末X射线衍射(PXRD)等表征手段证实了 1的卓越的结构稳定性。进而系统地考察了其在水分子辅助下的质子导电能力，发现其质子电导率与温度和相对湿度(RH)呈正相关关系，且在100 ℃和98% RH下，其质子电导率高达3.11×10^-3 S·cm^-1。最后，结合结构分析、氮气和水蒸气吸附测试以及活化能计算等，对其质子导电机制进行了探究。

采用微通道法，在聚四氟乙烯软管中利用HBr和NaBrO₃在水溶液中的逆歧化反应原位生成液溴，直接滴加到反应体系中与5,5-二甲基海因反应，并通过滴加NaOH溶液控制体系的pH值，制备了1,3-二溴-5,5-二甲基海因(简称二溴海因)。该反应后处理简单，通过抽滤和水洗获得目标化合物。然后，用所合成的二溴海因作为溴化试剂，在化合物(6-甲氧基萘-2-基)丙-1-酮的5-位引入溴原子，得到制备S-萘普生的关键中间体。溴代反应30分钟完成，简洁高效，选择性好，收率高。该实验所采用连续流原位生成单质溴的方法为本科大学化学实验中液溴参与的水相体系实验提供了新途径。随后的溴化反应展现了二溴海因作为一种溴化试剂相比于NBS和液溴具有明显的优势。该实验综合了有机化学和无机化学实验的原理与操作，在理论上加强了有机酸碱的概念，在操作上强化了有机合成基本技能的训练，是一项适合本科高年级学生开展的综合化学实验。

本文报道了一种基于二茂铁与苯并硒二唑(SeNBD)偶联物的前药FcNH-SeNBD，用于肿瘤细胞化学动力学治疗(CDT)与荧光成像。FcNH-SeNBD利用肿瘤细胞中过表达的过氧化氢(H₂O₂)氧化二茂铁发生芬顿反应，高效生成羟基自由基(·OH)，诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡。与此同时，二茂铁的氧化阻断了其与苯并硒二唑之间的光致电子转移(PET)效应，使得原本被猝灭的SeNBD荧光得以恢复，实现了荧光信号“Off-On”的转变，用于实时监测前药在肿瘤细胞中的活化与富集，便于治疗效果的预测与评估。体外实验表明 FcNH-SeNBD对肝癌细胞HepG2[IC₅₀=(7.95±0.98) μg·mL^-1]和结直肠癌细胞HCT116[IC₅₀=(15.74±1.5) μg· mL^-1]具有显著的选择性杀伤作用，而对正常结肠上皮细胞NCM-460无显著毒性(IC₅₀>100 μg·mL^-1)。机制研究证实，FcNH-SeNBD通过激活caspase-3依赖性凋亡通路发挥对肿瘤细胞的杀伤作用。细胞成像实验表明 FcNH-SeNBD可在肿瘤细胞中富集并产生强烈的红色荧光。

To extend a new family of aminophosphine-coordinated [FeFe]-hydrogenase mimics for catalytic hydrogen (H₂) evolution, we carried out the ligand substitutions of diiron hexacarbonyl precursors [Fe₂(μ-X₂pdt)(CO)₆] (X₂pdt=(SCH₂)₂CX₂, X=Me, H) with aminodiphosphines (Ph₂PCH₂)₂NY(Y=(CH₂)₂OH, (CH₂)₃OH) to obtain two new diiron aminophosphine complexes [Fe₂(L1)(μ-Me₂pdt)(CO)₅] (1) and [Fe₂(L2)(μ-H₂pdt)(CO)₅] (2), where L1=3-[(diphenylphosphaneyl)methyl]oxazolidine, L2=3-[(diphenylphosphaneyl)methyl]-1, 3-oxazinane. Moreover, the structures of 1 and 2 have been fully confirmed by elemental analysis, spectroscopic techniques, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Using cyclic voltammetry (CV), we investigated the electrochemical redox performance and proton reduction activities of 1 and 2 in acetic acid (HOAc). The CV study indicates that diiron aminophosphine complexes 1 and 2 can be considered to be hydrogenase-inspired diiron molecular electrocatalysts for the reduction of protons into H₂ generation in the presence of HOAc.

Three copper(Ⅱ), nickel and cadmium(Ⅱ) complexes, namely [Cu₂(μ-H₂dbda)₂(phen)₂]·2H₂O (1), [Ni(μ-H₂dbda)(μ-bpb)(H₂O)₂]_n (2), and [Cd(μ-H₂dbda)(μ-bpa)]_n (3), have been constructed hydrothermally using H₄dbda (4,4′-dihydroxy-[1,1′-biphenyl]-3,3′-dicarboxylic acid), phen (1,10-phenanthroline), bpb (1,4-bis(pyrid-4-yl)benzene), bpa (bis(4-pyridyl)amine), and copper, nickel and cadmium chlorides at 160 ℃. The products were isolated as stable crystalline solids and were characterized by IR spectra, elemental analyses, thermogravimetric analyses, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that three complexes crystallize in the monoclinic P2₁/n, tetragonal I42d, and orthorhombic P2₁2₁2 space groups. The complexes exhibit molecular dimers (1) or 2D metal-organic networks (2 and 3). The catalytic performances in the Knoevenagel reaction of these complexes were investigated. Complex 1 exhibits an effective catalytic activity and excellent reusability as a heterogeneous catalyst in the Knoevenagel reaction at room temperature.

Two Co(Ⅱ) and Ni(Ⅱ) complexes were synthesized by synergistic coordination of 3,3-diphenylpropionic acid (HDPA) and 2,2′-bipyridylamine (PAm). The structures of complexes [Co(DPA)₂(PAm)]·2H₂O (1) and [Ni(DPA)₂(PAm)]·2H₂O (2) were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffraction. Hirshfeld surface analysis provided quantitative insights into the intermolecular interactions within the complexes, while molecular docking studies elucidated their binding modes and affinities toward urease. Furthermore, the biological activities of both complexes were systematically evaluated through a range of assays, including DNA binding, urease inhibition, antibacterial activity, and in vitro cytotoxicity against cancer cells. Both complexes exhibited binding affinity for DNA and displayed notable urease inhibitory activity. Under in vitro conditions, both complexes showed appreciable cytotoxicity toward HepG2 cells with efficacy comparable to clinically used platinum-based anticancer agents.