【无机化学学报】doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20230435
通过水热法制备出一系列Z型异质结Cu2O/Bi2MoO6新型光催化剂。采用扫描电子显微镜、粉末X射线衍射、红外光谱、紫外可见吸收光谱等表征手段研究了催化剂的形貌、结构性质和光电化学性质,并以四环素(TC)为降解目标污染物,进一步探究了其催化效率。实验结果表明,Cu2O的加入提高了复合催化剂的光催化性能,其中20% Cu2O/Bi2MoO6复合催化剂(Cu2O和Bi2MoO6的质量比为20%)降解效果最好,100 min内可降解95%的TC。Cu2O与Bi2MoO6之间的协同作用使其可以吸收更多的可见光,所构建的Z型异质结改变了电子转移途径,提高了电子与空穴的分离效率,光催化活性显著提高。通过自由基捕获实验和能带结构,分析了Z型异质结Cu2O/Bi2MoO6复合催化剂光催化降解TC可能的机理。
【大学化学】doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202402011
心脏冠状动脉CT (心脏CT)检查是将碘造影剂注射入血管进行造影的医学检查技术,心血管内科医生可根据影像对心脏冠状动脉的堵塞和血流速度作出诊断。检查之前,患者需保持稳定的心率,一般要求每分钟不高于60次,如心率过快可利用β-受体阻滞剂、硝酸甘油等药物进行降低。此技术检查时间短、副作用小、漏检率和误检率很低。
【无机化学学报】doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240403
The Z-scheme heterojunction Cu2O/Bi2CrO6 photocatalyst was successfully prepared by introducing Cu2O on the Bi2CrO6 surface using a coprecipitation method. The photocatalytic degradation of tetracycline (TC) on Cu2O/Bi2CrO6 under visible light irradiation was investigated. It was found that the Cu2O/Bi2CrO6 photocatalyst had the best photocatalytic activity when the mass ratio of Cu2O to Bi2CrO6 was 20%, and the TC could be degraded by 87.5% within 100 min, which was about 1.8 times and 1.3 times higher than that of pure Bi2CrO6 and pure Cu2O, respectively. Besides, the Cu2O/Bi2CrO6 photocatalyst also showed good stability and reusability. The Z scheme heterojunction structure of Cu2O/Bi2CrO6 provided increased active sites, enhanced interfacial charge separation, and improved separation efficiency of photogenerated electro-hole (e--h+) pairs, leading to enhanced photocatalytic properties. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurement confirmed that the superoxide radical (·O2-), hydroxyl radical (·OH), and h+ were the primary active species during photocatalysis.
【大学化学】doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202408031
针对有机化学课程理论知识的广泛性和复杂性,以及其与农林学科发展联系不够紧密的问题,我们提出了目标为导向,以价值导向贯穿始终的O-VALUE创新模式:重构教学内容,以农林专题为载体,融入化学解决策略;创新教学方法,采用问题导向式研讨,结合农林实用案例解析,并开展为期四个月的农林真实项目实践,强化理论与实践融合;建设课程资源,基于国家一流线上课程,以“结构-性质-功能”化学思维为核心框架,结合SPOC课程 (Small Private Online Course),打造贯通农林医药领域的专业课程体系,通过师生共建共享农林特色教学资源,实现教学相长的良性循环。评价指标引入化学思维为农林领域提供解决方案,作为课程思政考核重点。全面布局,系统发力,将化学思维在农林交叉学科中的“无处不在”转变为“爱学、会学、乐学、学会”的学习之道;将化学思维在农林交叉领域的“无所不能”转变至为生命、为健康、为农业而奋斗的顶天立地的使命担当。
【物理化学学报】doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202304024
传统的油墨打印具有方便快捷的优势,但打印过程中墨水或碳粉的大量使用对人体和环境造成了不可忽视的危害。基于激光的高能粒子特性和光热辐射热效应,利用激光欠焦和聚焦两种工作模式,可实现激光无墨打印和微区加工。本文报道了一种基于羟基磷灰石的“有机-无机-有机”三明治结构多功能纸,并利用激光的光热辐射效应使功能纸表层有机材料——纤维素纤维表面温度升高,实现表层均匀碳化,夹层无机材料——羟基磷灰石阻挡能量继续传导防止纸张烧穿,以此来达到无墨打印的效果。基于激光烧蚀的无墨打印,能够显著降低打印成本,有利于激光烧蚀打印技术的推广。此外,采用激光烧蚀打印技术作用于功能纸上的打印效果具有稳定、绿色环保等特点,在档案存储用纸、食品包装用纸和后天致盲患者阅读等方面具有广泛的应用。
【大学化学】doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202410085
本文探讨了人工智能(AI)技术在化学教学组织形式中的创新路径,并通过具体的案例来揭示AI如何改变传统教学。针对传统化学教学中的不足,提出了基于AI技术的自适应学习系统、智能实验平台与虚拟实验室,以及合作学习与智能协作三大创新路径。自适应学习系统通过个性化数据分析,为学生动态调整学习路径,解决了“一刀切”教学模式的问题;虚拟实验室和智能实验平台则打破了物理实验的局限,为学生提供安全、灵活的实验操作环境;智能协作工具在合作学习中优化了分组方式,并通过实时反馈提升学习效率。然而,上述创新路径在推广过程中仍面临教育资源分配不均、教师技术掌握不足等挑战。本文建议通过优化资源配置、强化教师培训和推动虚拟与传统教学结合,进一步提升AI技术在化学教育中的应用效果。展望未来,AI技术将继续为化学教学提供创新动力,推动教育模式的智能化转型,为实现教育公平和教学质量的提升提供重要支持。
【大学化学】doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202412149
作者针对物理化学课程特点及存在的问题,将新课导入、总结及习题环节从传统课堂教学中分离,融入与食品科学与工程专业相关的学科交叉案例,设计制作成模块式的新形态课程资源,并通过混合教学模式进行实践,减轻了课堂负担,提升了学生的积极性和解决实际问题的能力。这一教学创新获得了食品科学与工程专业师生的认可与支持。
【大学化学】doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202504070
讲述了小月和她的硕士导师陈教授在山丹军马场的经历,他们了解了马易受惊吓的原因、马的“裂唇嗅”交流方式,并探讨了运动马的科学饲养管理、身体性能及生理结构。文章还揭示了汗血宝马“流血”现象的科学机制,并介绍了马匹在科学饮食、特殊生理结构及激素协同调节下展现出的卓越运动能力。
【无机化学学报】doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20260004
A series of MIL-101(Fe)/Cu2O heterojunction photocatalysts was successfully constructed by coupling highly active dodecahedral Cu2O with MIL-101(Fe) through a co-precipitation method. The catalytic performance of these materials was systematically evaluated under visible light using tetracycline as the target pollutant. The results indicated that when the mass fraction of MIL-101(Fe) was 20%, the composite material exhibited the best catalytic performance, with a tetracycline degradation rate of up to 87.37% after 100 min of illumination, significantly enhancing the photocatalytic degradation efficiency. The significant improvement in photocatalytic performance was mainly attributed to the tight interface coupling between the two components. Transient photocurrent response and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) demonstrated that the introduction of MIL-101(Fe) greatly enhanced the electron conduction ability of the composite system and accelerated charge migration. On the other hand, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-Visible diffuse reflectance spectra (UV-Vis DRS), and Mott-Schottky characterizations, combined with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) tests, confirmed the formation of an effective Z-scheme heterojunction between the two components. This Z-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst not only promotes the spatial separation of photogenerated electron-hole pairs but also retains the stronger redox ability of the composite material, thereby synergistically achieving efficient degradation of pollutants.
