Citation: Ning Wang, Yi Li, Qian Cui, Xiaoyue Sun, Yue Hu, Yunjun Luo, Ran Du. Metal Aerogels: Controlled Synthesis and Applications[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, ;2023, 39(9): 221201. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202212014 shu

Metal Aerogels: Controlled Synthesis and Applications

Ning Wang ¹ ,
Yi Li ¹ ,
Qian Cui ¹ ,
Xiaoyue Sun ¹ ,
Yue Hu ² ,
Yunjun Luo ¹ ,
Ran Du ^1,,

1.
Key Laboratory of High Energy Density Materials of the Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
2.
Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou 325000, Zhejiang Province, China

Corresponding author: Ran Du, rdu@bit.edu.cn
Received Date: 7 December 2022
Revised Date: 4 January 2023
Accepted Date: 5 January 2023
Available Online: 16 January 2023
Fund Project: the National Natural Science Foundation of China 22202009the National Natural Science Foundation of China 51972237

Emerging as one of the youngest members in the family of porous materials, metal aerogels (MAs) are a new class of aerogels entirely built of nanostructured metals such as gold, silver, palladium, platinum, ruthenium, rhodium, osmium, copper, and nickel. They are typically fabricated via a sol-gel process coupled with special drying techniques (e.g., supercritical drying and freeze-drying). Combining the unique physicochemical properties of various nanostructured metals with the structural attributes of aerogels, MAs mark rapid mass transfer channels, highly conductive three-dimensional (3D) networks, and optical and magnetic properties. In this regard, MAs outperform conventional materials in various territories such as electrocatalysis, enzyme-like catalysis, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, diverse sensing, and actuators. Additionally, a substantial number of metal elements can offer vast opportunities for creating numerous MAs featuring desired properties, which is critical for a deep exploration and releases the full potential of aerogels. Consequently, MAs have received wide attention since their discovery in 2009.However, compared with conventional aerogels, MAs only appeared around a decade ago. A short research history challenges their fundamental studies, including controlled synthesis and structure-performance investigations, thereby retarding on-target materials design for practical applications. Currently, the majority of studies are restricted to MAs based on noble metals. This fact is ascribed to both their intrinsically high catalytic activity and simple fabrication due to the relatively high redox potential. In contrast, reports on low-cost non-noble metal aerogels are largely constrained, not to mention controlled synthesis as well as practical applications. As a result, the compositional and structural diversity of MAs is highly limited. Furthermore, the scope of the application of MAs is still constrained and is mostly restricted to electrocatalysis. Though certain remarkable MA-based electrocatalysts have been reported in the last few years, their limited composition and structure have retarded the systematic investigations into correlations between the material parameters and electrocatalytic properties. This discourages on-demand material design and performance optimization. Hence, fundamental studies and application attempts need to be strengthened to allow further development of this new material system. On this occasion, it is essential to thoroughly summarize the knowledge and design principles of MAs that have been presented in the past ten years. This study comprehensively introduces the state-of-the-art research progress in this field, which includes synthesis strategies, potential gelation mechanisms, and diverse applications of MAs. Additionally, the challenges and opportunities presented by MAs will be drawn from aspects of synthesis and applications. This review expects to attract widespread scientists from different fields (e.g., chemistry, physics, materials science, and life science) to join the area of MAs, thus jointly promoting the development of this young and promising field.
- Aerogels,
- Metal,
- Sol-gel,
- Nanostructures,
- Electrocatalysis
1. [1]
  Li, X.; Lu, L.; Li, J.; Zhang, X.; Gao, H. Nat. Rev. Mater. 2020, 5, 706. doi: 10.1038/s41578-020-0212-2 doi: 10.1038/s41578-020-0212-2
2. [2]
  Hüsing, N.; Schubert, U. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1998, 37, 22. doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1521-3773(19980202)37:1/2<22::AID-ANIE22>3.0.CO;2-I doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1521-3773(19980202)37:1/2<22::AID-ANIE22>3.0.CO;2-I
3. [3]
  Guinness World Records. https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/search?term=aerogel&page=1&type=record&max=20&partial=_Results&
4. [4]
  Kistler, S. S. Nature 1931, 127, 741. doi: 10.1038/127741a0 doi: 10.1038/127741a0
5. [5]
  Teichner, S. J.; Nicolaon, G. A. Method of Preparing Inorganic Aerogels. US3672833A, 1972.
6. [6]
  Tewari, P. H.; Hunt, A. J.; Lofftus, K. D. Mater. Lett. 1985, 3, 363. doi: 10.1016/0167-577X(85)90077-1 doi: 10.1016/0167-577X(85)90077-1
7. [7]
  Pekala, R. W. J. Mater. Sci. 1989, 24, 3221. doi: 10.1007/BF01139044 doi: 10.1007/BF01139044
8. [8]
  Mayer, S. T.; Pekala, R. W.; Kaschmitter, J. L. J. Electrochem. Soc. 1993, 140, 446. doi: 10.1149/1.2221066 doi: 10.1149/1.2221066
9. [9]
  Lu, Y.; He, W.; Cao, T.; Guo, H.; Zhang, Y.; Li, Q.; Shao, Z.; Cui, Y.; Zhang, X. Sci. Rep. 2014, 4, 5792. doi: 10.1038/srep05792 doi: 10.1038/srep05792
10. [10]
  Du, R.; Zhao, Q.; Zhang, N.; Zhang, J. Small 2015, 11, 3263. doi: 10.1002/smll.201403170 doi: 10.1002/smll.201403170
11. [11]
  Lohe, M. R.; Rose, M.; Kaskel, S. Chem. Commun. 2009, 6056. doi: 10.1039/B910175F doi: 10.1039/B910175F
12. [12]
  Mohanan, J. L.; Arachchige, I. U.; Brock, S. L. Science 2005, 307, 397. doi: 10.1126/science.1104226 doi: 10.1126/science.1104226
13. [13]
  Li, G. Y.; Wu, X. H.; He, W. N.; Fang, J. H.; Zhang, X. T. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2016, 32, 2146. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201605243
14. [14]
  Wang, X. C.; Li, J. Z.; Li, G. Y.; Wang, J.; Zhang, X. T.; Guo, Q. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2017, 33, 2141. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201705223
15. [15]
  Lin, Z.; Zeng, Z.; Gui, X.; Tang, Z.; Zou, M.; Cao, A. Adv. Energy Mater. 2016, 6, 1600554. doi: 10.1002/aenm.201600554 doi: 10.1002/aenm.201600554
16. [16]
  Rahmanian, V.; Pirzada, T.; Wang, S.; Khan, S. A. Adv. Mater. 2021, 33, 2102892. doi: 10.1002/adma.202102892 doi: 10.1002/adma.202102892
17. [17]
  Feng, J.; Su, B. -L.; Xia, H.; Zhao, S.; Gao, C.; Wang, L.; Ogbeide, O.; Feng, J.; Hasan, T. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2021, 50, 3842. doi: 10.1039/C9CS00757A doi: 10.1039/C9CS00757A
18. [18]
  Liu, W.; Herrmann, A. K.; Bigall, N. C.; Rodriguez, P.; Wen, D.; Oezaslan, M.; Schmidt, T. J.; Gaponik, N.; Eychmüller, A. Acc. Chem. Res. 2015, 48, 154. doi: 10.1021/ar500237c doi: 10.1021/ar500237c
19. [19]
  Du, R.; Fan, X.; Jin, X.; Hübner, R.; Hu, Y.; Eychmüller, A. Matter 2019, 1, 39. doi: 10.1016/j.matt.2019.05.006 doi: 10.1016/j.matt.2019.05.006
20. [20]
  Qin, G. W.; Liu, J.; Balaji, T.; Xu, X.; Matsunaga, H.; Hakuta, Y.; Zuo, L.; Raveendran, P. J. Phys. Chem. C 2008, 112, 10352. doi: 10.1021/jp800923h doi: 10.1021/jp800923h
21. [21]
  Bigall, N. C.; Herrmann, A. K.; Vogel, M.; Rose, M.; Simon, P.; Carrillo-Cabrera, W.; Dorfs, D.; Kaskel, S.; Gaponik, N.; Eychmuller, A. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 9731. doi: 10.1002/anie.200902543 doi: 10.1002/anie.200902543
22. [22]
  Leventis, N.; Chandrasekaran, N.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C.; Mumtaz, A. J. Mater. Chem. 2009, 19, 63. doi: 10.1039/B815985H doi: 10.1039/B815985H
23. [23]
  Jung, S. M.; Jung, H. Y.; Dresselhaus, M. S.; Jung, Y. J.; Kong, J. Sci. Rep. 2012, 2, 849. doi: 10.1038/srep00849 doi: 10.1038/srep00849
24. [24]
  Jung, S. M.; Preston, D. J.; Jung, H. Y.; Deng, Z.; Wang, E. N.; Kong, J. Adv. Mater. 2016, 28, 1413. doi: 10.1002/adma.201504774 doi: 10.1002/adma.201504774
25. [25]
  Zhu, C.; Shi, Q.; Fu, S.; Song, J.; Xia, H.; Du, D.; Lin, Y. Adv. Mater. 2016, 28, 8779. doi: 10.1002/adma.201602546 doi: 10.1002/adma.201602546
26. [26]
  Pan, Z.; Wang, Z. -Y.; Wang, M. -H.; Yang, L.; Yu, S. -H. Sci. China Mater. 2021, 64, 2868. doi: 10.1007/s40843-021-1677-3 doi: 10.1007/s40843-021-1677-3
27. [27]
  Gao, H. -L.; Xu, L.; Long, F.; Pan, Z.; Du, Y. -X.; Lu, Y.; Ge, J.; Yu, S. -H. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2014, 53, 4561. doi: 10.1002/anie.201400457 doi: 10.1002/anie.201400457
28. [28]
  Fang, Q.; Qin, Y.; Wang, H.; Xu, W.; Yan, H.; Jiao, L.; Wei, X.; Li, J.; Luo, X.; Liu, M.; Hu, L.; Gu, W.; Zhu, C. Anal. Chem. 2022, 94, 11030. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01836 doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01836
29. [29]
  Jiao, L.; Xu, W.; Yan, H.; Wu, Y.; Gu, W.; Li, H.; Du, D.; Lin, Y.; Zhu, C. Chem. Commun. 2019, 55, 9865. doi: 10.1039/c9cc04436a doi: 10.1039/c9cc04436a
30. [30]
  Duan, W.; Zhang, P.; Xiahou, Y.; Song, Y.; Bi, C.; Zhan, J.; Du, W.; Huang, L.; Möhwald, H.; Xia, H. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2018, 10, 23081. doi: 10.1021/acsami.8b04823 doi: 10.1021/acsami.8b04823
31. [31]
  Wang, C.; Duan, W.; Xing, L.; Xiahou, Y.; Du, W.; Xia, H. J. Mater. Chem. B 2019, 7, 7588. doi: 10.1039/c9tb01653h doi: 10.1039/c9tb01653h
32. [32]
  Xu, J.; Sun, F.; Li, Q.; Yuan, H.; Ma, F.; Wen, D.; Shang, L. Small 2022, 18, 2200525. doi: 10.1002/smll.202200525 doi: 10.1002/smll.202200525
33. [33]
  Gao, W.; Lei, M.; Li, L.; Wen, D. Chem. Commun. 2020, 56, 15446. doi: 10.1039/D0CC06337A doi: 10.1039/D0CC06337A
34. [34]
  Dubale, A. A.; Zheng, Y.; Wang, H.; Hubner, R.; Li, Y.; Yang, J.; Zhang, J.; Sethi, N. K.; He, L.; Zheng, Z.; et al. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2020, 59, 13891. doi: 10.1002/anie.202004314 doi: 10.1002/anie.202004314
35. [35]
  Zheng, Y.; Yang, J.; Lu, X.; Wang, H.; Dubale, A. A.; Li, Y.; Jin, Z.; Lou, D.; Sethi, N. K.; Ye, Y.; et al. Adv. Energy Mater. 2021, 11, 2002276. doi: 10.1002/aenm.202002276 doi: 10.1002/aenm.202002276
36. [36]
  Du, R.; Jin, W.; Wu, H.; Hübner, R.; Zhou, L.; Xue, G.; Hu, Y.; Eychmüller, A. J. Mater. Chem. A 2021, 9, 17189. doi: 10.1039/d1ta03103a doi: 10.1039/d1ta03103a
37. [37]
  Jiang, X.; Du, R.; Hübner, R.; Hu, Y.; Eychmüller, A. Matter 2021, 4, 54. doi: 10.1016/j.matt.2020.10.001 doi: 10.1016/j.matt.2020.10.001
38. [38]
  Wen, D.; Eychmüller, A. Chem. Commun. 2017, 53, 12608. doi: 10.1039/C7CC03862C doi: 10.1039/C7CC03862C
39. [39]
  Hench, L. L.; West, J. K. Chem. Rev. 1990, 90, 33. doi: 10.1021/cr00099a003 doi: 10.1021/cr00099a003
40. [40]
  dos Santos, D. I.; Aegerter, M. A.; Craievich, A. F.; Lours, T.; Zarzycki, J. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 1987, 95–96, 1143. doi: 10.1016/S0022-3093(87)80727-5 doi: 10.1016/S0022-3093(87)80727-5
41. [41]
  Zhang, H.; Wang, D. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2008, 47, 3984. doi: 10.1002/anie.200705537 doi: 10.1002/anie.200705537
42. [42]
  Du, R.; Hu, Y.; Hübner, R.; Joswig, J. -O.; Fan, X.; Schneider, K.; Eychmüller, A. Sci. Adv. 2019, 5, eaaw4590. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw4590 doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw4590
43. [43]
  Sun, H.; Xu, Z.; Gao, C. Adv. Mater. 2013, 25, 2554. doi: 10.1002/adma.201204576 doi: 10.1002/adma.201204576
44. [44]
  Schneider, K.; Melnyk, I.; Hiekel, K.; Fery, A.; Auernhammer, G. K.; Eychmüller, A. J. Phys. Chem. C 2019, 123, 27651. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b08607 doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.9b08607
45. [45]
  Gao, X.; Esteves, R. J.; Luong, T. T.; Jaini, R.; Arachchige, I. U. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 7993. doi: 10.1021/ja5020037 doi: 10.1021/ja5020037
46. [46]
  Gao, X.; Esteves, R. J.; Nahar, L.; Nowaczyk, J.; Arachchige, I. U. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2016, 8, 13076. doi: 10.1021/acsami.5b11582 doi: 10.1021/acsami.5b11582
47. [47]
  Nahar, L.; Farghaly, A. A.; Esteves, R. J. A.; Arachchige, I. U. Chem. Mater. 2017, 29, 7704. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b01731 doi: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b01731
48. [48]
  Wen, D.; Liu, W.; Haubold, D.; Zhu, C.; Oschatz, M.; Holzschuh, M.; Wolf, A.; Simon, F.; Kaskel, S.; Eychmuller, A. ACS Nano 2016, 10, 2559. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.5b07505 doi: 10.1021/acsnano.5b07505
49. [49]
  Benkovičová, M.; Wen, D.; Plutnar, J.; Čížková, M.; Eychmüller, A.; Michl, J. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2017, 8, 2339. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b00296 doi: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b00296
50. [50]
  Wu, Y.; Jiao, L.; Xu, W.; Gu, W.; Zhu, C.; Du, D.; Lin, Y. Small 2019, 15, e1900632. doi: 10.1002/smll.201900632 doi: 10.1002/smll.201900632
51. [51]
  Liu, W.; Herrmann, A. K.; Geiger, D.; Borchardt, L.; Simon, F.; Kaskel, S.; Gaponik, N.; Eychmuller, A. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2012, 51, 5743. doi: 10.1002/anie.201108575 doi: 10.1002/anie.201108575
52. [52]
  Liu, W.; Rodriguez, P.; Borchardt, L.; Foelske, A.; Yuan, J.; Herrmann, A. K.; Geiger, D.; Zheng, Z.; Kaskel, S.; Gaponik, N.; et al. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2013, 52, 9849. doi: 10.1002/anie.201303109 doi: 10.1002/anie.201303109
53. [53]
  Fan, X.; Zerebecki, S.; Du, R.; Hubner, R.; Marzum, G.; Jiang, G.; Hu, Y.; Barcikowki, S.; Reichenberger, S.; Eychmuller, A. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2020, 59, 5706. doi: 10.1002/anie.201913079 doi: 10.1002/anie.201913079
54. [54]
  Du, R.; Wang, J.; Wang, Y.; Hubner, R.; Fan, X.; Senkovska, I.; Hu, Y.; Kaskel, S.; Eychmuller, A. Nat. Commun. 2020, 11, 1590. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-15391-w doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-15391-w
55. [55]
  Lin, Z.; Liu, S.; Liu, Y.; Liu, Z.; Zhang, S.; Zhang, X.; Tian, Y.; Tang, Z. J. Power Sources 2021, 514, 230600. doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.230600 doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2021.230600
56. [56]
  Yan, S.; Mahyoub, S. A.; Lin, J.; Zhang, C.; Hu, Q.; Chen, C.; Zhang, F.; Cheng, Z. Nanotechnology 2022, 33, 125705. doi: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac4287 doi: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac4287
57. [57]
  Naskar, S.; Freytag, A.; Deutsch, J.; Wendt, N.; Behrens, P.; Köckritz, A.; Bigall, N. C. Chem. Mater. 2017, 29, 9208. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b03088 doi: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b03088
58. [58]
  Ranmohotti, K. G. S.; Gao, X.; Arachchige, I. U. Chem. Mater. 2013, 25, 3528. doi: 10.1021/cm401968j doi: 10.1021/cm401968j
59. [59]
  Wen, D.; Herrmann, A. K.; Borchardt, L.; Simon, F.; Liu, W.; Kaskel, S.; Eychmuller, A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2014, 136, 2727. doi: 10.1021/ja412062e doi: 10.1021/ja412062e
60. [60]
  Wu, Z.; Wu, H.; Cai, W.; Wen, Z.; Jia, B.; Wang, L.; Jin, W.; Ma, T. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2021, 60, 12554. doi: 10.1002/anie.202102832 doi: 10.1002/anie.202102832
61. [61]
  Du, R.; Jin, W.; Hübner, R.; Zhou, L.; Hu, Y.; Eychmüller, A. Adv. Energy Mater. 2020, 10, 1903857. doi: 10.1002/aenm.201903857 doi: 10.1002/aenm.201903857
62. [62]
  López-León, T.; Santander-Ortega, M. J.; Ortega-Vinuesa, J. L.; Bastos-González, D. J. Phys. Chem. C 2008, 112, 16060. doi: 10.1021/jp803796a doi: 10.1021/jp803796a
63. [63]
  Cai, B.; Wen, D.; Liu, W.; Herrmann, A. K.; Benad, A.; Eychmuller, A. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2015, 54, 13101. doi: 10.1002/anie.201505307 doi: 10.1002/anie.201505307
64. [64]
  Zheng, Y.; Li, N.; Mukherjee, S.; Yang, Y.; Yan, J.; Liu, J.; Fang, Y. ACS Appl. Nano Mater. 2019, 2, 3012. doi: 10.1021/acsanm.9b00401 doi: 10.1021/acsanm.9b00401
65. [65]
  Fan, X.; Cai, B.; Du, R.; Hübner, R.; Georgi, M.; Jiang, G.; Li, L.; Samadi Khoshkhoo, M.; Sun, H.; Eychmüller, A. Chem. Mater. 2019, 31, 10094. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.9b03121 doi: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.9b03121
66. [66]
  Heuer-Jungemann, A.; Feliu, N.; Bakaimi, I.; Hamaly, M.; Alkilany, A.; Chakraborty, I.; Masood, A.; Casula, M. F.; Kostopoulou, A.; Oh, E.; et al. Chem. Rev. 2019, 119, 4819. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00733 doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00733
67. [67]
  Tang, S.; Vongehr, S.; Wang, Y.; Juan, C. S.; Xiangyu, W.; Meng, X. J. Mater. Chem. A 2014, 2, 3648. doi: 10.1039/c3ta14541g doi: 10.1039/c3ta14541g
68. [68]
  Cai, B.; Dianat, A.; Hubner, R.; Liu, W.; Wen, D.; Benad, A.; Sonntag, L.; Gemming, T.; Cuniberti, G.; Eychmuller, A. Adv. Mater. 2017, 29, 1605254. doi: 10.1002/adma.201605254 doi: 10.1002/adma.201605254
69. [69]
  Zhu, C.; Shi, Q.; Fu, S.; Song, J.; Du, D.; Su, D.; Engelhard, M. H.; Lin, Y. J. Mater. Chem. A 2018, 6, 7517. doi: 10.1039/c7ta11233e doi: 10.1039/c7ta11233e
70. [70]
  Burpo, F. J.; Nagelli, E. A.; Morris, L. A.; McClure, J. P.; Ryu, M. Y.; Palmer, J. L. J. Mater. Res. 2017, 32, 4153. doi: 10.1557/jmr.2017.412 doi: 10.1557/jmr.2017.412
71. [71]
  Jiang, B.; Wan, Z.; Kang, Y.; Guo, Y.; Henzie, J.; Na, J.; Li, H.; Wang, S.; Bando, Y.; Sakka, Y.; Yamauchi, Y. Nano Energy 2021, 81, 105644. doi: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2020.105644 doi: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2020.105644
72. [72]
  Yazdan-Abad, M. Z.; Noroozifar, M.; Modaresi Alam, A. R.; Saravani, H. J. Mater. Chem. A 2017, 5, 10244. doi: 10.1039/c7ta03208k doi: 10.1039/c7ta03208k
73. [73]
  Yazdan-Abad, M. Z.; Noroozifar, M.; Douk, A. S.; Modarresi-Alam, A. R.; Saravani, H. Appl. Catal. B-Environ. 2019, 250, 242. doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2019.02.064 doi: 10.1016/j.apcatb.2019.02.064
74. [74]
  Song, T.; Xue, H.; Sun, J.; Guo, N.; Sun, J.; Wang, Q. Chem. Commun. 2021, 57, 7140. doi: 10.1039/d1cc02038b doi: 10.1039/d1cc02038b
75. [75]
  Xu, X.; Wang, R.; Nie, P.; Cheng, Y.; Lu, X.; Shi, L.; Sun, J. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2017, 9, 14273. doi: 10.1021/acsami.7b02087 doi: 10.1021/acsami.7b02087
76. [76]
  Yan, S.; Zhong, M.; Wang, C.; Lu, X. Chem. Eng. J. 2022, 430, 132955. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.132955 doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2021.132955
77. [77]
  Shi, Q.; Zhu, C.; Zhong, H.; Su, D.; Li, N.; Engelhard, M. H.; Xia, H.; Zhang, Q.; Feng, S.; Beckman, S. P.; et al. ACS Energy Lett. 2018, 3, 2038. doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.8b01338 doi: 10.1021/acsenergylett.8b01338
78. [78]
  Shafaei Douk, A.; Saravani, H.; Noroozifar, M. Electrochim. Acta 2018, 275, 182. doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.04.073 doi: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.04.073
79. [79]
  Qian, F.; Troksa, A.; Fears, T. M.; Nielsen, M. H.; Nelson, A. J.; Baumann, T. F.; Kucheyev, S. O.; Han, T. Y.; Bagge-Hansen, M. Nano Lett. 2020, 20, 131. doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b03445 doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b03445
80. [80]
  Freytag, A.; Sánchez-Paradinas, S.; Naskar, S.; Wendt, N.; Colombo, M.; Pugliese, G.; Poppe, J.; Demirci, C.; Kretschmer, I.; Bahnemann, D. W.; et al. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2016, 55, 1200. doi: 10.1002/anie.201508972 doi: 10.1002/anie.201508972
81. [81]
  Tang, Y.; Yeo, K. L.; Chen, Y.; Yap, L. W.; Xiong, W.; Cheng, W. J. Mater. Chem. A 2013, 1, 6723. doi: 10.1039/C3TA10969K doi: 10.1039/C3TA10969K
82. [82]
  Du, R.; Joswig, J. O.; Hubner, R.; Zhou, L.; Wei, W.; Hu, Y.; Eychmuller, A. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2020, 59, 8293. doi: 10.1002/anie.201916484 doi: 10.1002/anie.201916484
83. [83]
  Du, R.; Joswig, J. O.; Fan, X.; Hubner, R.; Spittel, D.; Hu, Y.; Eychmuller, A. Matter 2020, 2, 908. doi: 10.1016/j.matt.2020.01.002 doi: 10.1016/j.matt.2020.01.002
84. [84]
  Pan, W.; Liang, C.; Sui, Y.; Wang, J.; Liu, P.; Zou, P.; Guo, Z.; Wang, F.; Ren, X.; Yang, C. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2022, 32, 2204166. doi: 10.1002/adfm.202204166 doi: 10.1002/adfm.202204166
85. [85]
  Liu, W.; Haubold, D.; Rutkowski, B.; Oschatz, M.; Hübner, R.; Werheid, M.; Ziegler, C.; Sonntag, L.; Liu, S.; Zheng, Z.; et al. Chem. Mater. 2016, 28, 6477. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b01394 doi: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b01394
86. [86]
  Herrmann, A. -K.; Formanek, P.; Borchardt, L.; Klose, M.; Giebeler, L.; Eckert, J.; Kaskel, S.; Gaponik, N.; Eychmüller, A. Chem. Mater. 2014, 26, 1074. doi: 10.1021/cm4033258 doi: 10.1021/cm4033258
87. [87]
  Shi, Q.; Zhu, C.; Du, D.; Bi, C.; Xia, H.; Feng, S.; Engelhard, M. H.; Lin, Y. J. Mater. Chem. A 2017, 5, 19626. doi: 10.1039/c7ta06375j doi: 10.1039/c7ta06375j
88. [88]
  Gilbert, D. A.; Burks, E. C.; Ushakov, S. V.; Abellan, P.; Arslan, I.; Felter, T. E.; Navrotsky, A.; Liu, K. Chem. Mater. 2017, 29, 9814. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b03978 doi: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.7b03978
89. [89]
  Qian, F.; Lan, P. C.; Freyman, M. C.; Chen, W.; Kou, T.; Olson, T. Y.; Zhu, C.; Worsley, M. A.; Duoss, E. B.; Spadaccini, C. M.; Baumann, T.; Han, T. Y. Nano Lett. 2017, 17, 7171. doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b02790 doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b02790
90. [90]
  Fears, T. M.; Hammons, J. A.; Sain, J. D.; Nielsen, M. H.; Braun, T.; Kucheyev, S. O. APL Mater. 2018, 6, 091103. doi: 10.1063/1.5039521 doi: 10.1063/1.5039521
91. [91]
  Müller, D.; Klepzig, L. F.; Schlosser, A.; Dorfs, D.; Bigall, N. C. Langmuir 2021, 37, 5109. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c03619 doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c03619
92. [92]
  Müller, D.; Zámbó, D.; Dorfs, D.; Bigall, N. C. Small 2021, 17, 2007908. doi: 10.1002/smll.202007908 doi: 10.1002/smll.202007908
93. [93]
  Liang, C.; Pan, W.; Zou, P.; Liu, P.; Liu, K.; Zhao, G.; Fan, H. J.; Yang, C. Small 2022, 18, e2203663. doi: 10.1002/smll.202203663 doi: 10.1002/smll.202203663
94. [94]
  Zhao, H.; Yuan, Y.; Zhang, D.; Qin, Y.; Han, Y.; Li, H.; Wang, Z.; Li, S. -X.; Lai, J.; Wang, L. ACS Appl. Nano Mater. 2021, 4, 11221. doi: 10.1021/acsanm.1c02746 doi: 10.1021/acsanm.1c02746
95. [95]
  Cai, B.; Hübner, R.; Sasaki, K.; Zhang, Y.; Su, D.; Ziegler, C.; Vukmirovic, M. B.; Rellinghaus, B.; Adzic, R. R.; Eychmüller, A. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2018, 57, 2963. doi: 10.1002/anie.201710997 doi: 10.1002/anie.201710997
96. [96]
  Shi, Q.; Zhu, C.; Tian, M.; Su, D.; Fu, M.; Engelhard, M. H.; Chowdhury, I.; Feng, S.; Du, D.; Lin, Y. Nano Energy 2018, 53, 206. doi: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.08.047 doi: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.08.047
97. [97]
  Wang, J.; Chen, F.; Jin, Y.; Guo, L.; Gong, X.; Wang, X.; Johnston, R. L. Nanoscale 2019, 11, 14174. doi: 10.1039/c9nr03266e doi: 10.1039/c9nr03266e
98. [98]
  Wang, C.; Gao, W.; Wan, X.; Yao, B.; Mu, W.; Gao, J.; Fu, Q.; Wen, D. Chem. Sci. 2022, 13, 13956. doi: 10.1039/D2SC05425F doi: 10.1039/D2SC05425F
99. [99]
  Sosnick, B. Process for Making Foamlike Mass of Metal. US2434775A, 1948.
100. [100]
  Forty, A. J. Nature 1979, 282, 597. doi: 10.1038/282597a0 doi: 10.1038/282597a0
101. [101]
  Takale, B. S.; Feng, X.; Lu, Y. -M.; Bao, M.; Jin, T.; Minato, T.; Yamamoto, Y. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2016, 138, 10356. doi: 10.1021/jacs.6b06569 doi: 10.1021/jacs.6b06569
102. [102]
  Cattarin, S.; Kramer, D.; Lui, A.; Musiani, M. M. J. Phys. Chem. C 2007, 111, 12643. doi: 10.1021/jp072405c doi: 10.1021/jp072405c
103. [103]
  Xu, C.; Su, J.; Xu, X.; Liu, P.; Zhao, H.; Tian, F.; Ding, Y. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, 42. doi: 10.1021/ja0675503 doi: 10.1021/ja0675503
104. [104]
  Wang, C.; Chen, Q. Chem. Mater. 2018, 30, 3894. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b01431 doi: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b01431
105. [105]
  Ron, R.; Gachet, D.; Rechav, K.; Salomon, A. Adv. Mater. 2017, 29, 1604018. doi: 10.1002/adma.201604018 doi: 10.1002/adma.201604018
106. [106]
  Khan, F.; Eswaramoorthy, M.; Rao, C. N. R. Solid State Sci. 2007, 9, 27. doi: 10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2006.11.002 doi: 10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2006.11.002
107. [107]
  Nyce, G. W.; Hayes, J. R.; Hamza, A. V.; Satcher, J. H. Chem. Mater. 2007, 19, 344. doi: 10.1021/CM062569Q doi: 10.1021/CM062569Q
108. [108]
  Walsh, D.; Arcelli, L.; Ikoma, T.; Tanaka, J.; Mann, S. Nat. Mater. 2003, 2, 386. doi: 10.1038/nmat903 doi: 10.1038/nmat903
109. [109]
  Jiang, B.; Yang, X.; Niu, W.; He, C.; Shi, C.; Zhao, N. Scr. Mater. 2016, 117, 68. doi: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2016.02.024 doi: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2016.02.024
110. [110]
  Leventis, N.; Chandrasekaran, N.; Sadekar, A. G.; Mulik, S.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C. J. Mater. Chem. 2010, 20, 7456. doi: 10.1039/C0JM00856G doi: 10.1039/C0JM00856G
111. [111]
  Leventis, N.; Donthula, S.; Mandal, C.; Ding, M. S.; Sotiriou-Leventis, C. Chem. Mater. 2015, 27, 8126. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b03898 doi: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.5b03898
112. [112]
  Chen, K.; Bao, Z.; Shen, J.; Wu, G.; Zhou, B.; Sandhage, K. H. J. Mater. Chem. 2012, 22, 16196. doi: 10.1039/C2JM31662E doi: 10.1039/C2JM31662E
113. [113]
  Chen, K.; Xu, W.; Du, A.; Shen, J.; Wu, G.; Bao, Z.; Zhou, B. Mater. Lett. 2014, 116, 31. doi: 10.1016/j.matlet.2013.10.079 doi: 10.1016/j.matlet.2013.10.079
114. [114]
  Xu, W.; Du, A.; Xiong, J.; Zhang, Z.; Shen, J.; Zhou, B. Mater. Des. 2016, 97, 93. doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2016.02.070 doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2016.02.070
115. [115]
  Tappan, B. C.; Steiner Iii, S. A.; Luther, E. P. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 4544. doi: 10.1002/anie.200902994 doi: 10.1002/anie.200902994
116. [116]
  Yan, P.; Brown, E.; Su, Q.; Li, J.; Wang, J.; Xu, C.; Zhou, C.; Lin, D. Small 2017, 13, 1701756. doi: 10.1002/smll.201701756 doi: 10.1002/smll.201701756
117. [117]
  Zhu, C.; Qi, Z.; Beck, V. A.; Luneau, M.; Lattimer, J.; Chen, W.; Worsley, M. A.; Ye, J.; Duoss, E. B.; Spadaccini, C. M.; et al. Sci. Adv. 2018, 4, eaas9459. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aas9459 doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aas9459
118. [118]
  Tappan, B. C.; Huynh, M. H.; Hiskey, M. A.; Chavez, D. E.; Luther, E. P.; Mang, J. T.; Son, S. F. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2006, 128, 6589. doi: 10.1021/ja056550k doi: 10.1021/ja056550k
119. [119]
  Gao, D.; Yang, G.; Zhu, Z.; Zhang, J.; Yang, Z.; Zhang, Z.; Xue, D. J. Mater. Chem. 2012, 22, 9462. doi: 10.1039/C2JM30548H doi: 10.1039/C2JM30548H
120. [120]
  Tappan, B. C.; Steiner Iii, S. A.; Dervishi, E.; Mueller, A. H.; Scott, B. L.; Sheehan, C.; Luther, E. P.; Lichthardt, J. P.; Dirmyer, M. R. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2021, 13, 1204. doi: 10.1021/acsami.0c17624 doi: 10.1021/acsami.0c17624
121. [121]
  Shafaei Douk, A.; Saravani, H. ACS Omega 2020, 5, 22031. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01661 doi: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01661
122. [122]
  Shafaei Douk, A.; Saravani, H.; Yazdan Abad, M. Z.; Noroozifar, M. ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 2020, 3, 7527. doi: 10.1021/acsaem.0c00928 doi: 10.1021/acsaem.0c00928
123. [123]
  Wang, H.; Wu, Y.; Luo, X.; Jiao, L.; Wei, X.; Gu, W.; Du, D.; Lin, Y.; Zhu, C. Nanoscale 2019, 11, 10575. doi: 10.1039/c9nr02712b doi: 10.1039/c9nr02712b
124. [124]
  Fang, Q.; Wang, H.; Lv, X.; Wei, X.; Luo, X.; Huang, J.; Jiao, L.; Gu, W.; Song, W.; Zhu, C. ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 2021, 9, 13039. doi: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c04765 doi: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c04765
125. [125]
  Zhu, L.; Zhang, R.; Liu, X.; Zhu, J.; Guo, Z.; Zhao, Y. Appl. Surf. Sci. 2022, 592, 153219. doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2022.153219 doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2022.153219
126. [126]
  Sarkar, R.; Farghaly, A. A.; Arachchige, I. U. Chem. Mater. 2022, 34, 5874. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.2c00717 doi: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.2c00717
127. [127]
  Tie, X.; Sun, X.; Li, Q.; Min, Y.; Xu, Q. J. Electrochem. Soc. 2022, 169, 026517. doi: 10.1149/1945-7111/ac519c doi: 10.1149/1945-7111/ac519c
128. [128]
  Yang, N.; Chen, D.; Cui, P.; Lu, T.; Liu, H.; Hu, C.; Xu, L.; Yang, J. SmartMat 2021, 2, 234. doi: 10.1002/smm2.1032 doi: 10.1002/smm2.1032
129. [129]
  Jin, Y.; Chen, F.; Wang, J.; Guo, L.; Jin, T.; Liu, H. J. Power Sources 2019, 435, 226798. doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.226798 doi: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2019.226798
130. [130]
  Douk, A. S.; Farsadrooh, M.; Damanigol, F.; Moghaddam, A. A.; Saravani, H.; Noroozifar, M. RSC Adv. 2018, 8, 23539. doi: 10.1039/c8ra03718c doi: 10.1039/c8ra03718c
131. [131]
  Douk, A. S.; Saravani, H.; Yazdan Abad, M. Z.; Noroozifar, M. Compos. Part B-Eng. 2019, 172, 309. doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.05.021 doi: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2019.05.021
132. [132]
  Zhang, R.; Zhu, L.; Liu, X.; Zhu, J.; Zhao, Y. ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 2021, 9, 7837. doi: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c01498 doi: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c01498
133. [133]
  Wen, D.; Liu, W.; Herrmann, A. K.; Eychmuller, A. Chemistry 2014, 20, 4380. doi: 10.1002/chem.201304635 doi: 10.1002/chem.201304635
134. [134]
  Wang, J.; Chen, F.; Jin, Y.; Johnston, R. L. ChemSusChem 2018, 11, 1354. doi: 10.1002/cssc.201800052 doi: 10.1002/cssc.201800052
135. [135]
  Wang, Y. -J.; Long, W.; Wang, L.; Yuan, R.; Ignaszak, A.; Fang, B.; Wilkinson, D. P. J. E.; Science, E. Energy Environ. Sci. 2018, 11, 258. doi: 10.1039/C7EE02444D doi: 10.1039/C7EE02444D
136. [136]
  Wang, Y.; Wang, D.; Li, Y. SmartMat 2021, 2, 56. doi: 10.1002/smm2.1023 doi: 10.1002/smm2.1023
137. [137]
  Henning, S.; Kühn, L.; Herranz, J.; Durst, J.; Binninger, T.; Nachtegaal, M.; Werheid, M.; Liu, W.; Adam, M.; Kaskel, S.; et al. J. J. Electrochem. Soc. 2016, 163, F998. doi: 10.1149/2.0251609jes doi: 10.1149/2.0251609jes
138. [138]
  Henning, S.; Ishikawa, H.; Kuhn, L.; Herranz, J.; Muller, E.; Eychmuller, A.; Schmidt, T. J. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2017, 56, 10707. doi: 10.1002/anie.201704253 doi: 10.1002/anie.201704253
139. [139]
  Shi, Q.; Zhu, C.; Li, Y.; Xia, H.; Engelhard, M. H.; Fu, S.; Du, D.; Lin, Y. Chem. Mater. 2016, 28, 7928. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b03549 doi: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.6b03549
140. [140]
  Gao, W.; Fan, H.; Li, L.; Lei, M.; Wen, D. Appl. Surf. Sci. 2023, 611, 155639. doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2022.155639 doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2022.155639
141. [141]
  Li, Y.; Peng, C. K.; Hu, H.; Chen, S. Y.; Choi, J. H.; Lin, Y. G.; Lee, J. M. Nat. Commun. 2022, 13, 1143. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28805-8 doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-28805-8
142. [142]
  Lu, L.; Sun, X.; Ma, J.; Yang, D.; Wu, H.; Zhang, B.; Zhang, J.; Han, B. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2018, 57, 14149. doi: 10.1002/anie.201808964 doi: 10.1002/anie.201808964
143. [143]
  Zhong, D.; Zhang, L.; Zhao, Q.; Cheng, D.; Deng, W.; Liu, B.; Zhang, G.; Dong, H.; Yuan, X.; Zhao, Z.; Li, J.; Gong, J. J. Chem. Phys. 2020, 152, 204703. doi: 10.1063/5.0007207 doi: 10.1063/5.0007207
144. [144]
  Wang, W.; Gong, S.; Liu, J.; Ge, Y.; Wang, J.; Lv, X. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2021, 595, 159. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.03.120 doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.03.120
145. [145]
  Chauhan, P.; Hiekel, K.; Diercks, J. S.; Herranz, J.; Saveleva, V. A.; Khavlyuk, P.; Eychmuller, A.; Schmidt, T. J. ACS Mater. Au 2022, 2, 278. doi: 10.1021/acsmaterialsau.1c00067 doi: 10.1021/acsmaterialsau.1c00067
146. [146]
  Xu, Y.; Ren, K.; Ren, T.; Wang, M.; Liu, M.; Wang, Z.; Li, X.; Wang, L.; Wang, H. Chem. Commun. 2021, 57, 7525. doi: 10.1039/d1cc02105b doi: 10.1039/d1cc02105b
147. [147]
  Wang, N.; Miao, R. K.; Lee, G.; Vomiero, A.; Sinton, D.; Ip, A. H.; Liang, H.; Sargent, E. H. SmartMat 2021, 2, 12. doi: 10.1002/smm2.1018 doi: 10.1002/smm2.1018
148. [148]
  Zeng, Y.; Li, Y.; Tan, X.; Gong, J.; Wang, Z.; An, Y.; Wang, Z.; Li, H. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2021, 13, 36816. doi: 10.1021/acsami.1c07987 doi: 10.1021/acsami.1c07987
149. [149]
  Tan, X.; Yang, Q.; Sun, X.; Sun, P.; Li, H. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2022, 14, 10047. doi: 10.1021/acsami.1c22625 doi: 10.1021/acsami.1c22625
150. [150]
  Yang, Y.; Zhang, H.; Wang, J.; Yang, S.; Liu, T.; Tao, K.; Chang, H. J. Mater. Chem. A 2019, 7, 11497. doi: 10.1039/c9ta01963d doi: 10.1039/c9ta01963d
151. [151]
  Guan, S.; Xu, B.; Yang, Y.; Zhu, X.; Chen, R.; Ye, D.; Liao, Q. ACS Appl. Nano Mater. 2022, 5, 11091. doi: 10.1021/acsanm.2c02272 doi: 10.1021/acsanm.2c02272
152. [152]
  Li, G.; Hao, J.; Li, W.; Ma, F.; Ma, T.; Gao, W.; Yu, Y.; Wen, D. Anal. Chem. 2021, 93, 14068. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01581 doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01581
153. [153]
  Gao, W.; Wen, D. VIEW. 2021, 2, 20200124. doi: 10.1002/VIW.20200124 doi: 10.1002/VIW.20200124
154. [154]
  Xiao, Y.; Wang, C.; Liu, K.; Wei, L.; Luo, Z.; Zeng, M.; Yi, Y. J. Solgel Sci. Technol. 2021, 99, 614. doi: 10.1007/s10971-021-05597-9 doi: 10.1007/s10971-021-05597-9
155. [155]
  Zhou, L.; Peng, Y.; Zhang, N.; Du, R.; Hübner, R.; Wen, X.; Li, D.; Hu, Y.; Eychmüller, A. Adv. Optical. Mater. 2021, 9, 2100352. doi: 10.1002/adom.202100352 doi: 10.1002/adom.202100352
156. [156]
  Phattharasupakun, N.; Wutthiprom, J.; Duangdangchote, S.; Sawangphruk, M. Chem. Commun. 2019, 55, 5689. doi: 10.1039/C9CC01528K doi: 10.1039/C9CC01528K
157. [157]
  Zhang, L.; An, L.; Wang, Y.; Lee, A.; Schuman, Y.; Ural, A.; Fleischer, A. S.; Feng, G. Chem. Eng. J. 2019, 373, 857. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2019.05.10 doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2019.05.10
1. [1]
  Jingyu Cai , Xiaoyu Miao , Yulai Zhao , Longqiang Xiao . Exploratory Teaching Experiment Design of FeOOH-RGO Aerogel for Photocatalytic Benzene to Phenol. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(4): 169-177. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202311028
2. [2]
  Xichen YAO , Shuxian WANG , Yun WANG , Cheng WANG , Chuang ZHANG . Oxygen reduction performance of self?supported Fe/N/C three-dimensional aerogel catalyst layers. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(7): 1387-1396. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240384
3. [3]
  Yan'e LIU , Shengli JIA , Yifan JIANG , Qinghua ZHAO , Yi LI , Xinshu CHANG . MoO₃/cellulose derived carbon aerogel: Fabrication and performance as cathode for lithium-sulfur battery. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(8): 1565-1573. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20250054
4. [4]
  Feng Zheng , Ruxun Yuan , Xiaogang Wang . “Research-Oriented” Comprehensive Experimental Design in Polymer Chemistry: the Case of Polyimide Aerogels. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(10): 210-218. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202404027
5. [5]
  Peng ZHOU , Xiao CAI , Qingxiang MA , Xu LIU . Effects of Cu doping on the structure and optical properties of Au₁₁(dppf)₄Cl₂ nanocluster. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(7): 1254-1260. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240047
6. [6]
  Ye Wang , Ruixiang Ge , Xiang Liu , Jing Li , Haohong Duan . An Anion Leaching Strategy towards Metal Oxyhydroxides Synthesis for Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Glycerol. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(7): 2307019-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202307019
7. [7]
  Xinlong XU , Chunxue JING , Yuzhen CHEN . Bimetallic MOF-74 and derivatives: Fabrication and efficient electrocatalytic biomass conversion. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(8): 1545-1554. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20250046
8. [8]
  Jinyi Sun , Lin Ma , Yanjie Xi , Jing Wang . Preparation and Electrocatalytic Nitrogen Reduction Performance Study of Vanadium Nitride@Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Composite Nanomaterials: A Recommended Comprehensive Chemistry Experiment. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(4): 184-191. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202310094
9. [9]
  Lu Zhuoran , Li Shengkai , Lu Yuxuan , Wang Shuangyin , Zou Yuqin . Cleavage of C―C Bonds for Biomass Upgrading on Transition Metal Electrocatalysts. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(4): 2306003-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202306003
10. [10]
  Wentao Xu , Xuyan Mo , Yang Zhou , Zuxian Weng , Kunling Mo , Yanhua Wu , Xinlin Jiang , Dan Li , Tangqi Lan , Huan Wen , Fuqin Zheng , Youjun Fan , Wei Chen . Bimetal Leaching Induced Reconstruction of Water Oxidation Electrocatalyst for Enhanced Activity and Stability. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(8): 2308003-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202308003
11. [11]
  Qing Li , Guangxun Zhang , Yuxia Xu , Yangyang Sun , Huan Pang . P-Regulated Hierarchical Structure Ni₂P Assemblies toward Efficient Electrochemical Urea Oxidation. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(9): 2308045-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202308045
12. [12]
  Dafa Chen , Haiping Xia . From Pollutant to Metal-Centred Annulene: The Transformation Journey of a Little Osmium Atom. University Chemistry, 2025, 40(10): 156-160. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202508094
13. [13]
  Ruizhi Duan , Xiaomei Wang , Panwang Zhou , Yang Liu , Can Li . The role of hydroxyl species in the alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction over transition metal surfaces. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(9): 100111-0. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100111
14. [14]
  Tao Wang , Qin Dong , Cunpu Li , Zidong Wei . Sulfur Cathode Electrocatalysis in Lithium-Sulfur Batteries: A Comprehensive Understanding. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(2): 2303061-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202303061
15. [15]
  Tongtong Zhao , Yan Wang , Shiyue Qin , Liang Xu , Zhenhua Li . New Experiment Development: Upgrading and Regeneration of Discarded PET Plastic through Electrocatalysis. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(3): 308-315. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202309003
16. [16]
  Jiajie Li , Xiaocong Ma , Jufang Zheng , Qiang Wan , Xiaoshun Zhou , Yahao Wang . Recent Advances in In-Situ Raman Spectroscopy for Investigating Electrocatalytic Organic Reaction Mechanisms. University Chemistry, 2025, 40(4): 261-276. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202406117
17. [17]
  Jianchun Wang , Ruyu Xie . The Fantastical Dance of Miss Electron: Contra-Thermodynamic Electrocatalytic Reactions. University Chemistry, 2025, 40(4): 331-339. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202406082
18. [18]
  Xueting Cao , Shuangshuang Cha , Ming Gong . Interfacial Electrical Double Layer in Electrocatalytic Reactions: Fundamentals, Characterizations and Applications. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(5): 100041-0. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2024.100041
19. [19]
  Xinyi Zhang , Kai Ren , Yanning Liu , Zhenyi Gu , Zhixiong Huang , Shuohang Zheng , Xiaotong Wang , Jinzhi Guo , Igor V. Zatovsky , Junming Cao , Xinglong Wu . Progress on Entropy Production Engineering for Electrochemical Catalysis. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2024, 40(7): 2307057-0. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202307057
20. [20]
  Ran HUO , Zhaohui ZHANG , Xi SU , Long CHEN . Research progress on multivariate two dimensional conjugated metal organic frameworks. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(11): 2063-2074. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240195

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Metrics

PDF Downloads(81)
Abstract views(2219)
HTML views(570)

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142