Citation: Luo Xinjie, Zhang Xi, Feng Yujun. Liquid Marbles: Fabrication, Physical Properties, and Applications[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, ;2020, 36(10): 191000. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201910007 shu

Liquid Marbles: Fabrication, Physical Properties, and Applications

Polymer Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China

Corresponding author: Feng Yujun, yjfeng@scu.edu.cn
Received Date: 7 October 2019
Revised Date: 2 December 2019
Accepted Date: 3 December 2019
Available Online: 16 December 2019
Fund Project: the National Natural Science Foundation of China U1762218The project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21773161, U1762218)the National Natural Science Foundation of China 21773161

Liquid marbles (LMs) are liquid droplets coated with a layer of lyophobic particles at the air-liquid interface. Since the pioneering work by Aussillous et al. in 2001, LMs have attracted significant attention owing to their facile fabrication, flexibility in the choice of the constituent particles and liquids, intriguing properties such as non-wetting and non-adhesive nature, satisfactory elasticity and stability, as well as promising applications in microfluidics, sensors, controlled release, and microreactors. The classical strategy for the preparation of LMs involves rolling a small volume of a droplet on a lyophobic powder bed for complete encapsulation of the liquid by the particles. In addition, various innovative methods, including electrostatic and coalescent approaches, have been developed for preparing special LMs with a complicated structure or morphology. Diverse materials such as water, surfactant solutions, liquid metals, reagents, blood, and even viscous adhesives have been employed as the internal liquid for the fabrication of LMs. Theoretically, any particulates such as lycopodium, polytetrafluoroethylene, Fe₃O₄, SiO₂, and graphite grains can be employed as the outer coating, but they are usually required to be lyophobic with sizes of less than hundreds of microns. The unique structure of the particle-covered droplet and the dual solid-liquid characteristics endow LMs with some unique and interesting properties, especially the non-wetting and non-adhesive nature. As the lyophobic coating particles restrain the internal liquid from contacting the substrate, LMs can move easily across either solid or liquid surfaces, neither wetting the substrate nor contaminating the internal liquid. An equally fascinating property of LMs is their satisfactory stability, which is necessary for most of their applications. The high stability of LMs stems from the protection of the coating powders and is embodied in both good mechanical stability (remaining intact after being released from a certain height or under a certain compression) and long lifetime (greatly suppressing the evaporation of the internal liquid). These extraordinary properties make LMs promising candidates for use in multitudinous fields, especially droplet microfluidics and microreactors. The potential application of LMs in microfluidics is ascribed to their non-wetting, non-adhesive nature and other features such as an ability to float on a liquid surface, coalescence, split, a small force of rolling friction, and response to external forces. Notably, LMs hold great promise for applications in microreactions, because they can create a confined reaction microenvironment, minimize reagent usage, facilitate unhindered gas exchange between the internal liquid medium and the surrounding environment, and allow the entry/exit of the reactants/products. We herein review the recent advances in LMs, such as manufacturing techniques, formation mechanisms, physical properties, and emerging applications. In particular, much attention is paid to the factors affecting the stability of LMs and the potential strategies to increase their stability. Moreover, this review discusses the challenges in the future development of LMs, suggests several possible ways of addressing these challenges, and forecasts the future development directions. We believe that this review can help researchers gain a better understanding of LMs and promote their further advances.
- Liquid marble,
- Particle,
- Droplet,
- Wettability,
- Hydrophobicity,
- Microreactor
1. [1]
  Aussillous, P.; Quéré, D. Nature 2001, 411, 924. doi: 10.1038/35082026 doi: 10.1038/35082026
2. [2]
  Pike, N.; Richard, D.; Foster, W.; Mahadevan, L. Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. B 2002, 269, 1211. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2002.1999 doi: 10.1098/rspb.2002.1999
3. [3]
  McHale, G.; Shirtcliffe, N. J.; Newton, M. I.; Pyatt, F. B. Hydrol. Processes 2007, 21, 2229. doi: 10.1002/hyp.6765 doi: 10.1002/hyp.6765
4. [4]
  Mahadevan, L. Nature 2001, 411, 895. doi: 10.1038/35082164 doi: 10.1038/35082164
5. [5]
  McHale, G.; Newton, M. I. Soft Matter 2011, 7, 5473. doi: 10.1039/C1SM05066D doi: 10.1039/C1SM05066D
6. [6]
  Bormashenko, E. Curr. Opin. Colloid Interface Sci. 2011, 16, 266. doi: 10.1016/j.cocis.2010.12.002 doi: 10.1016/j.cocis.2010.12.002
7. [7]
  McHale, G.; Newton, M. I. Soft Matter 2015, 11, 2530. doi: 10.1039/c5sm00084j doi: 10.1039/c5sm00084j
8. [8]
  Fujii, S.; Yusa, S. -I.; Nakamura, Y. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2016, 26, 7206. doi: 10.1002/adfm.201603223 doi: 10.1002/adfm.201603223
9. [9]
  Oliveira, N. M.; Reis, R. L.; Mano, J. F. Adv. Healthcare Mater. 2017, 6, 1700192. doi: 10.1002/adhm.201700192 doi: 10.1002/adhm.201700192
10. [10]
  Bormashenko, E. Langmuir 2017, 33, 663. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03231 doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03231
11. [11]
  Jin, J.; Nguyen, N. -T. Microelectron. Eng. 2018, 197, 87. doi: 10.1016/j.mee.2018.06.003 doi: 10.1016/j.mee.2018.06.003
12. [12]
  Avrămescu, R. -E.; Ghica, M. -V.; Dinu-Pîrvu, C.; Udeanu, D. I.; Popa, L. Molecules 2018, 23, 1120. doi: 10.3390/molecules23051120 doi: 10.3390/molecules23051120
13. [13]
  Xin, Z.; Skrydstrup, T. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2019, 58, 2. doi: 10.1002/anie.201905204 doi: 10.1002/anie.201905204
14. [14]
  Li, X. G. Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 2019, 271, 101988. doi: 10.1016/j.cis.2019.101988 doi: 10.1016/j.cis.2019.101988
15. [15]
  Yan, C.; Li, M.; Lu, Q. H. Prog. Chem. 2011, 23, 649.
16. [16]
  Aussillous, P.; Quéré, D. Proc. R. Soc. A 2006, 462, 973. doi: 10.1098/rspa.2005.1581 doi: 10.1098/rspa.2005.1581
17. [17]
  Bormashenko, E.; Bormashenko, Y.; Musin, A.; Barkay, Z. ChemPhysChem 2009, 10, 654. doi: 10.1002/cphc.200800746 doi: 10.1002/cphc.200800746
18. [18]
  Zhao, Y.; Fang, J.; Wang, H. X.; Wang, X. G.; Lin, T. Adv. Mater. 2010, 22, 707. doi: 10.1002/adma.200902512 doi: 10.1002/adma.200902512
19. [19]
  Paven, M.; Mayama, H.; Sekido, T.; Butt, H. -J.; Nakamura, Y.; Fujii, S. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2016, 26, 3199. doi: 10.1002/adfm.201600034 doi: 10.1002/adfm.201600034
20. [20]
  Zhao, Y.; Xu, Z. G.; Niu, H. T.; Wang, X. G.; Lin, T. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2015, 25, 437. doi: 10.1002/adfm.201403051 doi: 10.1002/adfm.201403051
21. [21]
  Khaw, M. K.; Ooi, C. H.; Mohd-Yasin, F.; Vadivelu, R.; John, J. S.; Nguyen, N. T. Lab Chip 2016, 16, 2211. doi: 10.1039/c6lc00378h doi: 10.1039/c6lc00378h
22. [22]
  Zhang, Y.; Nguyen, N. -T. Lab Chip 2017, 17, 994. doi: 10.1039/C7LC00025A doi: 10.1039/C7LC00025A
23. [23]
  Huang, G. Y.; Li, M. X.; Yang, Q. Z.; Li, Y. H.; Liu, H.; Yang, H.; Xu, F. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2017, 9, 1155. doi: 10.1021/acsami.6b09017 doi: 10.1021/acsami.6b09017
24. [24]
  Asare-Asher, S.; Connor, J. N.; Sedev, R. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2015, 449, 341. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.01.067 doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2015.01.067
25. [25]
  Sun, J. H.; Wei, W.; Zhao, D. H.; Hu, Q.; Liu, X. Y. Soft Matter 2015, 11, 1954. doi: 10.1039/c4sm02832e doi: 10.1039/c4sm02832e
26. [26]
  Liu, Z.; Zhang, Y. Y.; Chen, C. L.; Yang, T. Y.; Wang, J. D.; Guo, L.; Liu, P.; Kong, T. T. Small 2019, 15, 1804549. doi: 10.1002/smll.201804549 doi: 10.1002/smll.201804549
27. [27]
  Fullarton, C.; Draper, T. C.; Phillips, N.; Mayne, R.; de Lacy Costello, B. P. J.; Adamatzky, A. Langmuir 2018, 34, 2573. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b04196 doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b04196
28. [28]
  Dandan, M.; Erbil, H. Y. Langmuir 2009, 25, 8362. doi: 10.1021/la900729d doi: 10.1021/la900729d
29. [29]
  Gao, L. C.; McCarthy, T. J. Langmuir 2007, 23, 10445. doi: 10.1021/la701901b doi: 10.1021/la701901b
30. [30]
  Dorvee, J. R.; Derfus, A. M.; Bhatia, S. N.; Sailor, M. J. Nat. Mater. 2004, 3, 896. doi: 10.1038/nmat1253 doi: 10.1038/nmat1253
31. [31]
  Xue, Y. H.; Wang, H. X.; Zhao, Y.; Dai, L. M.; Feng, L. F.; Wang, X. G.; Lin, T. Adv. Mater. 2010, 22, 4814. doi: 10.1002/adma.201001898 doi: 10.1002/adma.201001898
32. [32]
  Luo, X. J.; Yin, H. Y.; Li, X. E.; Su, X.; Feng, Y. J. Chem. Commun. 2018, 54, 9119. doi: 10.1039/C8CC01786G doi: 10.1039/C8CC01786G
33. [33]
  Arbatan, T.; Al-Abboodi, A.; Sarvi, F.; Chan, P. P.; Shen, W. Adv. Healthcare Mater. 2012, 1, 467. doi: 10.1002/adhm.201200050 doi: 10.1002/adhm.201200050
34. [34]
  Sarvi, F.; Jain, K.; Arbatan, T.; Verma, P. J.; Hourigan, K.; Thompson, M. C.; Shen, W.; Chan, P. P. Adv. Healthcare Mater. 2015, 4, 77. doi: 10.1002/adhm.201400138 doi: 10.1002/adhm.201400138
35. [35]
  Gao, W.; Lee, H. K.; Hobley, J.; Liu, T. X.; Phang, I. Y.; Ling, X. Y. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2015, 54, 3993. doi: 10.1002/anie.201412103 doi: 10.1002/anie.201412103
36. [36]
  Jähnisch, K.; Hessel, V.; Löwe, H.; Baerns, M. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2004, 43, 406. doi: 10.1002/anie.200300577 doi: 10.1002/anie.200300577
37. [37]
  Tian, J. F.; Arbatan, T.; Li, X.; Shen, W. Chem. Commun. 2010, 46, 4734. doi: 10.1039/c001317j doi: 10.1039/c001317j
38. [38]
  Tian, J. F.; Arbatan, T.; Li, X.; Shen, W. Chem. Eng. J. 2010, 165, 347. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2010.06.036 doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2010.06.036
39. [39]
  Oliveira, N. M.; Correia, C. R.; Reis, R. L.; Mano, J. F. Adv. Healthcare Mater. 2015, 4, 264. doi: 10.1002/adhm.201400310 doi: 10.1002/adhm.201400310
40. [40]
  Sheng, Y. F.; Sun, G. Q.; Ngai, T. Langmuir 2016, 32, 3122. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00525 doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b00525
41. [41]
  Chen, Y. Z.; Liu, Z.; Zhu, D. Y.; Handschuh-Wang, S.; Liang, S. Q.; Yang, J. B.; Kong, T. T.; Zhou, X. H.; Liu, Y. Z.; Zhou, X. C. Mater. Horiz. 2017, 4, 591. doi: 10.1039/C7MH00065K doi: 10.1039/C7MH00065K
42. [42]
  Bormashenko, E.; Bormashenko, Y.; Oleg, G. Langmuir 2010, 26, 12479. doi: 10.1021/la1002836 doi: 10.1021/la1002836
43. [43]
  Geyer, F.; Asaumi, Y.; Vollmer, D.; Butt, H. -J.; Nakamura, Y.; Fujii, S. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2019, 29, 1808826. doi: 10.1002/adfm.201808826 doi: 10.1002/adfm.201808826
44. [44]
  Mahmoudi Salehabad, S.; Azizian, S.; Fujii, S. Langmuir 2019, 35, 8950. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01473 doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b01473
45. [45]
  Ooi, C. H.; Vadivelu, R. K.; St John, J.; Dao, D. V.; Nguyen, N. T. Soft Matter 2015, 11, 4576. doi: 10.1039/c4sm02882a doi: 10.1039/c4sm02882a
46. [46]
  Nguyen, N. T. Langmuir 2013, 29, 13982. doi: 10.1021/la4032859 doi: 10.1021/la4032859
47. [47]
  Li, X. G.; Xue, Y. H.; Lv, P. Y.; Lin, H.; Du, F.; Hu, Y. Y.; Shen, J.; Duan, H. L. Soft Matter 2016, 12, 1655. doi: 10.1039/c5sm02765a doi: 10.1039/c5sm02765a
48. [48]
  Hu, Y. J.; Jiang, H.; Liu, J.; Li, Y. F.; Hou, X. Y.; Li, C. Z. RSC Adv. 2014, 4, 3162. doi: 10.1039/c3ra40998h doi: 10.1039/c3ra40998h
49. [49]
  Bormashenko, E.; Pogreb, R.; Balter, R.; Aharoni, H.; Bormashenko, Y.; Grynyov, R.; Mashkevych, L.; Aurbach, D.; Gendelman, O. Colloid Polym. Sci. 2015, 293, 2157. doi: 10.1007/s00396-015-3627-3 doi: 10.1007/s00396-015-3627-3
50. [50]
  Dupin, D.; Armes, S. P.; Fujii, S. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2009, 131, 5386. doi: 10.1021/ja901641v doi: 10.1021/ja901641v
51. [51]
  Zhang, L. B.; Cha, D.; Wang, P. Adv. Mater. 2012, 24, 4756. doi: 10.1002/adma.201201885 doi: 10.1002/adma.201201885
52. [52]
  Tsompanas, M. -A.; Fullarton, C.; Adamatzky, A. Sensors Actuators B: Chem. 2019, 295, 194. doi: 10.1016/j.snb.2019.04.152 doi: 10.1016/j.snb.2019.04.152
53. [53]
  Lai, Y.; Tang, Y.; Huang, J.; Wang, H.; Li, H.; Gong, D.; Ji, X.; Gong, J.; Lin, C.; Sun, L.; et al. Soft Matter 2011, 7, 6313. doi: 10.1039/C1SM05412K doi: 10.1039/C1SM05412K
54. [54]
  Lee, H. K.; Lee, Y. H.; Phang, I. Y.; Wei, J.; Miao, Y. E.; Liu, T.; Ling, X. Y. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2014, 53, 5054. doi: 10.1002/anie.201401026 doi: 10.1002/anie.201401026
55. [55]
  Han, X.; Lee, H. K.; Lee, Y. H.; Hao, W.; Liu, Y.; Phang, I. Y.; Li, S.; Ling, X. Y. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2016, 7, 1501. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b00501 doi: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b00501
56. [56]
  Han, X.; Lee, H. K.; Lim, W. C.; Lee, Y. H.; Phan-Quang, G. C.; Phang, I. Y.; Ling, X. Y. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2016, 8, 23941. doi: 10.1021/acsami.6b07766 doi: 10.1021/acsami.6b07766
57. [57]
  Koh, C. S. L.; Lee, H. K.; Phan-Quang, G. C.; Han, X.; Lee, M. R.; Yang, Z.; Ling, X. Y. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2017, 56, 8813. doi: 10.1002/anie.201704433 doi: 10.1002/anie.201704433
58. [58]
  Sivan, V.; Tang, S. -Y.; O'Mullane, A. P.; Petersen, P.; Eshtiaghi, N.; Kalantar-zadeh, K.; Mitchell, A. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2013, 23, 144. doi: 10.1002/adfm.201200837 doi: 10.1002/adfm.201200837
59. [59]
  Eshtiaghi, N.; Liu, J. S.; Shen, W.; Hapgood, K. P. Powder Technol. 2009, 196, 126. doi: 10.1016/j.powtec.2009.07.002 doi: 10.1016/j.powtec.2009.07.002
60. [60]
  Marston, J. O.; Zhu, Y.; Vakarelski, I. U.; Thoroddsen, S. T. Powder Technol. 2012, 228, 424. doi: 10.1016/j.powtec.2012.06.003 doi: 10.1016/j.powtec.2012.06.003
61. [61]
  Supakar, T.; Moradiafrapoli, M.; Christopher, G. F.; Marston, J. O. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2016, 468, 10. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2016.01.028 doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2016.01.028
62. [62]
  McHale, G.; Shirtcliffe, N. J.; Newton, M. I.; Pyatt, F. B.; Doerr, S. H. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2007, 90, 054110. doi: 10.1063/1.2435594 doi: 10.1063/1.2435594
63. [63]
  Ireland, P. M.; Noda, M.; Jarrett, E. D.; Fujii, S.; Nakamura, Y.; Wanless, E. J.; Webber, G. B. Powder Technol. 2016, 303, 55. doi: 10.1016/j.powtec.2016.08.036 doi: 10.1016/j.powtec.2016.08.036
64. [64]
  Liyanaarachchi, K. R.; Ireland, P. M.; Webber, G. B.; Galvin, K. P. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2013, 103, 054105. doi: 10.1063/1.4817586 doi: 10.1063/1.4817586
65. [65]
  Thomas, C. A.; Kido, K.; Kawashima, H.; Fujii, S.; Ireland, P. M.; Webber, G. B.; Wanless, E. J. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2018, 529, 486. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.04.044 doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.04.044
66. [66]
  Kido, K.; Ireland, P. M.; Sekido, T.; Wanless, E. J.; Webber, G. B.; Nakamura, Y.; Fujii, S. Langmuir 2018, 34, 4970. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b04204 doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b04204
67. [67]
  Jarrett, E.; Ireland, P. M.; Webber, G. B.; Wanless, E. J. Powder Technol. 2016, 297, 1. doi: 10.1016/j.powtec.2016.04.021 doi: 10.1016/j.powtec.2016.04.021
68. [68]
  Ireland, P. M.; Kido, K.; Webber, G. B.; Fujii, S.; Wanless, E. J. Front. Chem. 2018, 6. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00215 doi: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00215
69. [69]
  Ireland, P. M.; Thomas, C. A.; Lobel, B. T.; Webber, G. B.; Fujii, S.; Wanless, E. J. Front. Chem. 2018, 6, 280. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00280 doi: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00280
70. [70]
  Castro, J. O.; Neves, B. M.; Rezk, A. R.; Eshtiaghi, N.; Yeo, L. Y. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2016, 8, 17751. doi: 10.1021/acsami.6b05321 doi: 10.1021/acsami.6b05321
71. [71]
  Fujii, S.; Kameyama, S.; Armes, S. P.; Dupin, D.; Suzaki, M.; Nakamura, Y. Soft Matter 2010, 6, 635. doi: 10.1039/b914997j doi: 10.1039/b914997j
72. [72]
  Wang, B.; Chan, K. F.; Ji, F. T.; Wang, Q. Q.; Chiu, P. W. Y.; Guo, Z. G.; Zhang, L. Adv. Sci. 2019, 6, 1802033. doi: 10.1002/advs.201802033 doi: 10.1002/advs.201802033
73. [73]
  Li, X. G.; Shi, H. X.; Wang, Y. Q.; Wang, R. X.; Huang, S.; Huang, J. C.; Geng, X. G.; Zang, D. Y. Adv. Mater. Interfaces 2018, 5, 1701139. doi: 10.1002/admi.201701139 doi: 10.1002/admi.201701139
74. [74]
  Liu, J. L.; Zuo, P. C. Eur. Phys. J. E 2016, 39, 17. doi: 10.1140/epje/i2016-16017-6 doi: 10.1140/epje/i2016-16017-6
75. [75]
  Doganci, M. D.; Sesli, B. U.; Erbil, H. Y.; Binks, B. P.; Salama, I. E. Colloids Surf. A 2011, 384, 417. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2011.04.027 doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2011.04.027
76. [76]
  Chen, Y. Z.; Zhou, T. J.; Li, Y. Y.; Zhu, L. F.; Handschuh-Wang, S.; Zhu, D. Y.; Zhou, X. H.; Liu, Z.; Gan, T. S.; Zhou, X. C. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2018, 28, 1706277. doi: 10.1002/adfm.201706277 doi: 10.1002/adfm.201706277
77. [77]
  Sato, E.; Yuri, M.; Fujii, S.; Nishiyama, T.; Nakamura, Y.; Horibe, H. Chem. Commun. 2015, 51, 17241. doi: 10.1039/c5cc07421e doi: 10.1039/c5cc07421e
78. [78]
  Sheng, Y. F.; Sun, G. Q.; Wu, J.; Ma, G. H.; Ngai, T. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2015, 54, 7012. doi: 10.1002/anie.201500010 doi: 10.1002/anie.201500010
79. [79]
  Arbatan, T.; Li, L.; Tian, J.; Shen, W. Adv. Healthcare Mater. 2012, 1, 80. doi: 10.1002/adhm.201100016 doi: 10.1002/adhm.201100016
80. [80]
  Fujii, S.; Sawada, S.; Nakayama, S.; Kappl, M.; Ueno, K.; Shitajima, K.; Butt, H. J.; Nakamura, Y. Mater. Horiz. 2016, 3, 47. doi: 10.1039/c5mh00203f doi: 10.1039/c5mh00203f
81. [81]
  Bormashenko, E.; Balter, R.; Aharoni, H.; Aurbach, D. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2014, 417, 206. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2013.11.036 doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2013.11.036
82. [82]
  McEleney, P.; Walker, G. M.; Larmour, I. A.; Bell, S. E. J. Chem. Eng. J. 2009, 147, 373. doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2008.11.026 doi: 10.1016/j.cej.2008.11.026
83. [83]
  Bormashenko, E.; Bormashenko, Y.; Pogreb, R.; Gendelman, O. Langmuir 2011, 27, 7. doi: 10.1021/la103653p doi: 10.1021/la103653p
84. [84]
  Tang, S. Y.; Sivan, V.; Khoshmanesh, K.; O'Mullane, A. P.; Tang, X.; Gol, B.; Eshtiaghi, N.; Lieder, F.; Petersen, P.; Mitchell, A.; et al. Nanoscale 2013, 5, 5949. doi: 10.1039/c3nr00185g doi: 10.1039/c3nr00185g
85. [85]
  Forny, L.; Saleh, K.; Denoyel, R.; Pezron, I. Langmuir 2010, 26, 2333. doi: 10.1021/la902759s doi: 10.1021/la902759s
86. [86]
  Saleh, K.; Forny, L.; Guigon, P.; Pezron, I. Chem. Eng. Res. Des. 2011, 89, 537. doi: 10.1016/j.cherd.2010.06.005 doi: 10.1016/j.cherd.2010.06.005
87. [87]
  Mchale, G. Langmuir 2009, 25, 7185. doi: 10.1021/la900597a doi: 10.1021/la900597a
88. [88]
  Lin, X. X.; Ma, W.; Wu, H.; Cao, S. L.; Huang, L. L.; Chen, L. H.; Takahara, A. Chem. Commun. 2016, 52, 1895. doi: 10.1039/c5cc08842a doi: 10.1039/c5cc08842a
89. [89]
  Bormashenko, E.; Pogreb, R.; Bormashenko, Y.; Musin, A.; Stein, T. Langmuir 2008, 24, 12119. doi: 10.1021/la802355y doi: 10.1021/la802355y
90. [90]
  Bormashenko, E.; Bormashenko, Y.; Musin, A. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2009, 333, 419. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2008.09.079 doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2008.09.079
91. [91]
  Bormashenko, E.; Pogreb, R.; Musin, A.; Balter, R.; Whyman, G.; Aurbach, D. Powder Technol. 2010, 203, 529. doi: 10.1016/j.powtec.2010.06.019 doi: 10.1016/j.powtec.2010.06.019
92. [92]
  Cassie, A. B. D. Discuss. Faraday Soc. 1948, 3, 11. doi: 10.1039/DF9480300011 doi: 10.1039/DF9480300011
93. [93]
  Cassie, A. B. D.; Baxter, S. Trans. Faraday Soc. 1944, 40, 546. doi: 10.1039/TF9444000546 doi: 10.1039/TF9444000546
94. [94]
  Chu, Z. L.; Seeger, S. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2014, 43, 2784. doi: 10.1039/c3cs60415b doi: 10.1039/c3cs60415b
95. [95]
  Jiang, X. F.; Zhu, C. Y.; Ma, Y. G.; Li, H. Z. Adv. Mater. Interfaces 2017, 4, 1700193. doi: 10.1002/admi.201700193 doi: 10.1002/admi.201700193
96. [96]
  Tosun, A.; Erbil, H. Y. Appl. Surf. Sci. 2009, 256, 1278. doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2009.10.035 doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2009.10.035
97. [97]
  Fernandes, A. M.; Mantione, D.; Gracia, R.; Leiza, J. R.; Paulis, M.; Mecerreyes, D. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2015, 7, 4433. doi: 10.1021/am509040x doi: 10.1021/am509040x
98. [98]
  Liu, Z. A.; Zhang, Z. H.; Zhang, F.; Wang, X. Y. J. Adhes. Sci. Technol. 2019, 33, 273. doi: 10.1080/01694243.2018.1537054 doi: 10.1080/01694243.2018.1537054
99. [99]
  Liu, Z.; Fu, X. Y.; Binks, B. P.; Shum, H. C. Langmuir 2015, 31, 11236. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b02792 doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b02792
100. [100]
  Chen, G.; Tan, P.; Chen, S. Y.; Huang, J. P.; Wen, W. J.; Xu, L. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2013, 110, 064502. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.064502 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.110.064502
101. [101]
  Laborie, B.; Lachaussée, F.; Lorenceau, E.; Rouyer, F. Soft Matter 2013, 9, 4822. doi: 10.1039/c3sm50164g doi: 10.1039/c3sm50164g
102. [102]
  Ueno, K.; Hamasaki, S.; Wanless, E. J.; Nakamura, Y.; Fujii, S. Langmuir 2014, 30, 3051. doi: 10.1021/la5003435 doi: 10.1021/la5003435
103. [103]
  Matsukuma, D.; Watanabe, H.; Minn, M.; Fujimoto, A.; Shinohara, T.; Jinnai, H.; Takahara, A. RSC Adv. 2013, 3, 7862. doi: 10.1039/c3ra40693h doi: 10.1039/c3ra40693h
104. [104]
  Schmücker, C.; Stevens, G. W.; Mumford, K. A. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2018, 514, 349. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.12.033 doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2017.12.033
105. [105]
  Lin, X. X.; Ma, W.; Chen, L. H.; Huang, L. L.; Wu, H.; Takahara, A. RSC Adv. 2019, 9, 34465. doi: 10.1039/C9RA05728E doi: 10.1039/C9RA05728E
106. [106]
  Rane, Y.; Foster, E.; Moradiafrapoli, M.; Marston, J. O. Powder Technol. 2018, 338, 7. doi: 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.05.058 doi: 10.1016/j.powtec.2018.05.058
107. [107]
  Bhosale, P. S.; Panchagnula, M. V.; Stretz, H. A. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2008, 93, 034109. doi: 10.1063/1.2959853 doi: 10.1063/1.2959853
108. [108]
  Mueggenburg, K. E.; Lin, X. M.; Goldsmith, R. H.; Jaeger, H. M. Nat. Mater. 2007, 6, 656. doi: 10.1038/nmat1965 doi: 10.1038/nmat1965
109. [109]
  Zang, D. Y.; Chen, Z.; Zhang, Y. J.; Lin, K. J.; Geng, X. G.; Binks, B. P. Soft Matter 2013, 9, 5067. doi: 10.1039/c3sm50421b doi: 10.1039/c3sm50421b
110. [110]
  Kostakis, T.; Ettelaie, R.; Murray, B. S. Langmuir 2006, 22, 1273. doi: 10.1021/la052193f doi: 10.1021/la052193f
111. [111]
  Singha, P.; Swaminathan, S.; Yadav, A. S.; Varanakkottu, S. N. Langmuir 2019, 35, 4566. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03821 doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03821
112. [112]
  Draper, T. C.; Fullarton, C.; Mayne, R.; Phillips, N.; Canciani, G. E.; de Lacy Costello, B. P. J.; Adamatzky, A. Soft Matter 2019, 15, 3541. doi: 10.1039/C9SM00328B doi: 10.1039/C9SM00328B
113. [113]
  Bormashenko, E.; Pogreb, R.; Musin, A. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2012, 366, 196. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.09.048 doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.09.048
114. [114]
  Planchette, C.; Biance, A. L.; Lorenceau, E. EPL 2012, 97, 14003. doi: 10.1209/0295-5075/97/14003 doi: 10.1209/0295-5075/97/14003
115. [115]
  Braun, H. G.; Cardoso, A. Z. Colloids Surf. B 2012, 97, 43. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.03.028 doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.03.028
116. [116]
  Chin, J. M.; Reithofer, M. R.; Tan, T. T. Y.; Menon, A. G.; Chen, E. Y.; Chow, C. A.; Hor, A. T. S.; Xu, J. Chem. Commun. 2013, 49, 493. doi: 10.1039/c2cc37081f doi: 10.1039/c2cc37081f
117. [117]
  Newton, M. I.; Herbertson, D. L.; Elliott, S. J.; Shirtcliffe, N. J.; McHale, G. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 2007, 40, 20. doi: 10.1088/0022-3727/40/1/s04 doi: 10.1088/0022-3727/40/1/s04
118. [118]
  Planchette, C.; Biance, A. L.; Pitois, O.; Lorenceau, E. Phys. Fluids 2013, 25, 042104. doi: 10.1063/1.4801320 doi: 10.1063/1.4801320
119. [119]
  Jin, J.; Ooi, C. H.; Dao, D. V.; Nguyen, N. -T. Soft Matter 2018, 14, 4160. doi: 10.1039/C8SM00121A doi: 10.1039/C8SM00121A
120. [120]
  Jin, J.; Ooi, C.; Dao, D.; Nguyen, N. -T. Micromachines 2017, 8, 336. doi: 10.3390/mi8110336 doi: 10.3390/mi8110336
121. [121]
  Quéré, D.; Aussillous, P. Chem. Eng. Technol. 2002, 25, 925. doi: 10.1002/1521-4125[20020910]25:9 < 925::Aid-ceat925 > 3.0.Co; 2-0 doi: 10.1002/1521-4125[20020910]25:9<925::Aid-ceat925>3.0.Co;2-0
122. [122]
  Zhao, Y. J.; Gu, H. C.; Xie, Z. Y.; Shum, H. C.; Wang, B. P.; Gu, Z. Z. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 54. doi: 10.1021/ja310389w doi: 10.1021/ja310389w
123. [123]
  Ooi, C. H.; Nguyen, N. -T. Microfluid. Nanofluid. 2015, 19, 483. doi: 10.1007/s10404-015-1595-z doi: 10.1007/s10404-015-1595-z
124. [124]
  Zhao, Y.; Xu, Z. G.; Parhizkar, M.; Fang, J.; Wang, X. G.; Lin, T. Microfluid. Nanofluid. 2012, 13, 555. doi: 10.1007/s10404-012-0976-9 doi: 10.1007/s10404-012-0976-9
125. [125]
  Vialetto, J.; Hayakawa, M.; Kavokine, N.; Takinoue, M.; Varanakkottu, S. N.; Rudiuk, S.; Anyfantakis, M.; Morel, M.; Baigl, D. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2017, 56, 16565. doi: 10.1002/anie.201710668 doi: 10.1002/anie.201710668
126. [126]
  Liu, Y.; Zhang, X. Y.; Poyraz, S.; Zhang, C.; Xin, J. H. ChemNanoMat 2018, 4, 546. doi: 10.1002/cnma.201800075 doi: 10.1002/cnma.201800075
127. [127]
  Zhang, S. G.; Zhang, Y.; Wang, Y.; Liu, S. M.; Deng, Y. Q. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2012, 14, 5132. doi: 10.1039/c2cp23675c doi: 10.1039/c2cp23675c
128. [128]
  Wang, B.; Liu, Y.; Zhang, Y. B.; Guo, Z. G.; Zhang, H.; Xin, J. H.; Zhang, L. Adv. Mater. Interfaces 2015, 2, 1500234. doi: 10.1002/admi.201500234 doi: 10.1002/admi.201500234
129. [129]
  Wang, D.; Zhu, L.; Chen, J. F.; Dai, L. M. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2016, 128, 10953. doi: 10.1002/anie.201604781 doi: 10.1002/anie.201604781
130. [130]
  Chu, Y.; Liu, F. T.; Qin, L. M.; Pan, Q. M. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2016, 8, 1273. doi: 10.1021/acsami.5b09952 doi: 10.1021/acsami.5b09952
131. [131]
  Tang, X. K.; Tang, S. -Y.; Sivan, V.; Zhang, W.; Mitchell, A.; Kalantar-zadeh, K.; Khoshmanesh, K. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2013, 103, 174104. doi: 10.1063/1.4826923 doi: 10.1063/1.4826923
132. [132]
  Fu, X. Y.; Zhang, Y. G.; Yuan, H.; Binks, B. P.; Shum, H. C. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2018, 10, 34822. doi: 10.1021/acsami.8b13111 doi: 10.1021/acsami.8b13111
133. [133]
  Jin, J.; Ooi, C. H.; Sreejith, K. R.; Dao, D. V.; Nguyen, N. -T. Phys. Rev. Appl. 2019, 11, 044059. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.11.044059 doi: 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.11.044059
134. [134]
  Jin, J.; Ooi, C. H.; Sreejith, K. R.; Zhang, J.; Nguyen, A. V.; Evans, G. M.; Dao, D. V.; Nguyen, N. -T. Microfluid. Nanofluid. 2019, 23, 85. doi: 10.1007/s10404-019-2255-5 doi: 10.1007/s10404-019-2255-5
135. [135]
  Ooi, C. H.; Jin, J.; Nguyen, A. V.; Evans, G. M.; Nguyen, N. -T. Microfluid. Nanofluid. 2018, 22, 142. doi: 10.1007/s10404-018-2163-0 doi: 10.1007/s10404-018-2163-0
136. [136]
  Ooi, C. H.; van Nguyen, A.; Evans, G. M.; Gendelman, O.; Bormashenko, E.; Nguyen, N. -T. RSC Adv. 2015, 5, 101006. doi: 10.1039/c5ra23946j doi: 10.1039/c5ra23946j
137. [137]
  Bormashenko, E.; Bormashenko, Y.; Grynyov, R.; Aharoni, H.; Whyman, G.; Binks, B. P. J. Phys. Chem. C 2015, 119, 9910. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b01307 doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.5b01307
138. [138]
  Bormashenko, E.; Frenkel, M.; Bormashenko, Y.; Chaniel, G.; Valtsifer, V.; Binks, B. P. Langmuir 2017, 33, 13234. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b03356 doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b03356
139. [139]
  Tiginyanu, I.; Braniste, T.; Smazna, D.; Deng, M.; Schütt, F.; Schuchardt, A.; Stevens-Kalceff, M. A.; Raevschi, S.; Schürmann, U.; Kienle, L.; et al. Nano Energy 2019, 56, 759. doi: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.11.049 doi: 10.1016/j.nanoen.2018.11.049
140. [140]
  Kavokine, N.; Anyfantakis, M.; Morel, M.; Rudiuk, S.; Bickel, T.; Baigl, D. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2016, 55, 11183. doi: 10.1002/anie.201603639 doi: 10.1002/anie.201603639
141. [141]
  Ihara, T.; Iriyama, Y. J. Photopolym. Sci. Technol. 2011, 24, 435. doi: 10.2494/photopolymer.24.435 doi: 10.2494/photopolymer.24.435
142. [142]
  Matsubara, K.; Danno, M.; Inoue, M.; Nishizawa, H.; Honda, Y.; Abe, T. Surf. Coat. Technol. 2013, 236, 269. doi: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2013.09.058 doi: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2013.09.058
143. [143]
  Li, X.; Shi, H.; Hu, Y. Soft Matter 2019, 15, 3085. doi: 10.1039/C9SM00362B doi: 10.1039/C9SM00362B
144. [144]
  Fujii, S.; Suzaki, M.; Armes, S. P.; Dupin, D.; Hamasaki, S.; Aono, K.; Nakamura, Y. Langmuir 2011, 27, 8067. doi: 10.1021/la201317b doi: 10.1021/la201317b
145. [145]
  Fujii, S.; Aono, K.; Suzaki, M.; Hamasaki, S.; Yusa, S. -I.; Nakamura, Y. Macromolecules 2012, 45, 2863. doi: 10.1021/ma300048m doi: 10.1021/ma300048m
146. [146]
  Dupin, D.; Thompson, K. L.; Armes, S. P. Soft Matter 2011, 7, 6797. doi: 10.1039/c1sm05889d doi: 10.1039/c1sm05889d
147. [147]
  Chandan, S.; Ramakrishna, S.; Sunitha, K.; Chandran, M. S.; Kumar, K. S. S.; Mathew, D. J. Mater. Chem. A 2017, 5, 22813. doi: 10.1039/C7TA07562F doi: 10.1039/C7TA07562F
148. [148]
  Tan, T. T. Y.; Ahsan, A.; Reithofer, M. R.; Tay, S. W.; Tan, S. Y.; Hor, T. S. A.; Chin, J. M.; Chew, B. K. J.; Wang, X. Langmuir 2014, 30, 3448. doi: 10.1021/la500646r doi: 10.1021/la500646r
149. [149]
  Xu, Z. G.; Zhao, Y.; Dai, L. M.; Lin, T. Part. Part. Syst. Charact. 2014, 31, 839. doi: 10.1002/ppsc.201400009 doi: 10.1002/ppsc.201400009
150. [150]
  Ohshio, M.; Yukioka, S.; Nguyen, T. L.; Iimura, K.; Fujii, S.; Nakamura, Y.; Yusa, S. -I. Chem. Lett. 2019, 48, 644. doi: 10.1246/cl.190148 doi: 10.1246/cl.190148
151. [151]
  Nakai, K.; Nakagawa, H.; Kuroda, K.; Fujii, S.; Nakamura, Y.; Yusa, S. -I. Chem. Lett. 2013, 42, 719. doi: 10.1246/cl.130240 doi: 10.1246/cl.130240
152. [152]
  Zhao, Z. H.; Zhang, Y.; Ren, L. W.; Xiang, B.; Li, J. J. Adhes. Sci. Technol. 2017, 31, 1125. doi: 10.1080/01694243.2016.1246021 doi: 10.1080/01694243.2016.1246021
153. [153]
  Bormashenko, E.; Musin, A. Appl. Surf. Sci. 2009, 255, 6429. doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2009.02.027 doi: 10.1016/j.apsusc.2009.02.027
154. [154]
  Wang, C. X.; He, Y. J. Colloids Surf. A 2018, 558, 367. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.09.005 doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.09.005
155. [155]
  Tenjimbayashi, M.; Samitsu, S.; Naito, M. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2019, 29, 1900688. doi: 10.1002/adfm.201900688 doi: 10.1002/adfm.201900688
156. [156]
  Bormashenko, E.; Balter, R.; Aurbach, D. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2010, 97, 091908. doi: 10.1063/1.3487936 doi: 10.1063/1.3487936
157. [157]
  Han, X. M.; Lee, H. K.; Lee, Y. H.; Ling, X. Y. J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 2017, 8, 243. doi: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b02743 doi: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b02743
158. [158]
  Shin, D.; Huang, T.; Neibloom, D.; Bevan, M. A.; Frechette, J. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2019, 11, 34478. doi: 10.1021/acsami.9b12738 doi: 10.1021/acsami.9b12738
159. [159]
  Rong, X.; Ettelaie, R.; Lishchuk, S. V.; Cheng, H. G.; Zhao, N.; Xiao, F. K.; Cheng, F. Q.; Yang, H. Q. Nat. Commun. 2019, 10, 1854. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-09805-7 doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-09805-7
160. [160]
  Lin, X. X.; Ma, W.; Chen, L. H.; Huang, L. L.; Wu, H.; Takahara, A. Soft Matter 2018, 14, 9308. doi: 10.1039/C8SM01852A doi: 10.1039/C8SM01852A
161. [161]
  Chen, R.; Xiong, Q.; Song, R. -Z.; Li, K. -L.; Zhang, Y. -X.; Fang, C.; Guo, J. -L. Adv. Mater. Interfaces 2019, 6, 1901057. doi: 10.1002/admi.201901057 doi: 10.1002/admi.201901057
162. [162]
  Liang, S. T.; Rao, W.; Song, K.; Liu, J. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2018, 10, 1589. doi: 10.1021/acsami.7b17233 doi: 10.1021/acsami.7b17233
163. [163]
  Watts, P.; Haswell, S. J. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2005, 34, 235. doi: 10.1039/b313866f doi: 10.1039/b313866f
164. [164]
  Mason, B. P.; Price, K. E.; Steinbacher, J. L.; Bogdan, A. R.; McQuade, D. T. Chem. Rev. 2007, 107, 2300. doi: 10.1021/cr050944c doi: 10.1021/cr050944c
165. [165]
  Thompson, J. C.; Hamori, E. J. Phys. Chem. 1971, 75, 272. doi: 10.1021/j100672a015 doi: 10.1021/j100672a015
166. [166]
  Zang, D. Y.; Li, J.; Chen, Z.; Zhai, Z. C.; Geng, X. G.; Binks, B. P. Langmuir 2015, 31, 11502. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b02917 doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b02917
167. [167]
  Bajwa, A.; Xu, Y.; Hashmi, A.; Leong, M.; Ho, L.; Xu, J. Soft Matter 2012, 8, 11604. doi: 10.1039/c2sm26748a doi: 10.1039/c2sm26748a
168. [168]
  Chen, Z.; Zang, D. Y.; Zhao, L.; Qu, M. F.; Li, X.; Li, X. G.; Li, L. X.; Geng, X. G. Langmuir 2017, 33, 6232. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b00347 doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b00347
169. [169]
  Liu, Z.; Yang, T. Y.; Huang, Y. X.; Liu, Y.; Chen, L. C.; Deng, L. B.; Shum, H. C.; Kong, T. T. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2019, 29, 1901101. doi: 10.1002/adfm.201901101 doi: 10.1002/adfm.201901101
170. [170]
  Sun, G. Q.; Sheng, Y. F.; Wu, J.; Ma, G. H.; Ngai, T. Langmuir 2014, 30, 12503. doi: 10.1021/la503105c doi: 10.1021/la503105c
171. [171]
  Tyowua, A. T.; Mooney, J. M.; Binks, B. P. Colloids Surf. A 2019, 560, 288. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.09.084 doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2018.09.084
172. [172]
  Rozynek, Z.; Mikkelsen, A.; Dommersnes, P.; Fossum, J. O. Nat. Commun. 2014, 5, 3945. doi: 10.1038/ncomms4945 doi: 10.1038/ncomms4945
173. [173]
  Liu, Z.; Fu, X. Y.; Binks, B. P.; Shum, H. C. Soft Matter 2017, 13, 119. doi: 10.1039/c6sm00883f doi: 10.1039/c6sm00883f
174. [174]
  Chu, Y.; Wang, Z. K.; Pan, Q. M. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2014, 6, 8378. doi: 10.1021/am501268g doi: 10.1021/am501268g
175. [175]
  Takei, T.; Yamasaki, Y.; Yuji, Y.; Sakoguchi, S.; Ohzuno, Y.; Hayase, G.; Yoshida, M. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2019, 536, 414. doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.10.058 doi: 10.1016/j.jcis.2018.10.058
176. [176]
  Vadivelu, R. K.; Ooi, C. H.; Yao, R. Q.; Tello Velasquez, J.; Pastrana, E.; Diaz-Nido, J.; Lim, F.; Ekberg, J. A.; Nguyen, N. T.; St John, J. A. Sci. Rep. 2015, 5, 15083. doi: 10.1038/srep15083 doi: 10.1038/srep15083
177. [177]
  Ledda, S.; Idda, A.; Kelly, J.; Ariu, F.; Bogliolo, L.; Bebbere, D. J. Assist. Reprod. Genet. 2016, 33, 513. doi: 10.1007/s10815-016-0666-8 doi: 10.1007/s10815-016-0666-8
178. [178]
  Sarvi, F.; Arbatan, T.; Chan, P. P. Y.; Shen, W. RSC Adv. 2013, 3, 14501. doi: 10.1039/c3ra40364e doi: 10.1039/c3ra40364e
179. [179]
  Tian, J. F.; Fu, N.; Chen, X. D.; Shen, W. Colloids Surf. B 2013, 106, 187. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.01.016 doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2013.01.016
180. [180]
  Rychecký, O.; Majerská, M.; Král, V.; Štěpánek, F.; Čejková, J. Chem. Pap. 2017, 71, 1055. doi: 10.1007/s11696-016-0026-2 doi: 10.1007/s11696-016-0026-2
181. [181]
  Serrano, M. C.; Nardecchia, S.; Gutierrez, M. C.; Ferrer, M. L.; del Monte, F. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2015, 7, 3854. doi: 10.1021/acsami.5b00072 doi: 10.1021/acsami.5b00072
182. [182]
  Vadivelu, R.; Kashaninejad, N.; Sreejith, K. R.; Bhattacharjee, R.; Cock, I.; Nguyen, N. -T. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2018, 10, 43439. doi: 10.1021/acsami.8b16236 doi: 10.1021/acsami.8b16236
183. [183]
  Miao, Y. E.; Lee, H. K.; Chew, W. S.; Phang, I. Y.; Liu, T. X.; Ling, X. Y. Chem. Commun. 2014, 50, 5923. doi: 10.1039/c4cc01949k doi: 10.1039/c4cc01949k
184. [184]
  Wei, W.; Lu, R. J.; Ye, W. T.; Sun, J. H.; Zhu, Y.; Luo, J.; Liu, X. Y. Langmuir 2016, 32, 1707. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b04697 doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b04697
185. [185]
  Du, G. Q.; Peng, J. X.; Zhang, Y. Y.; Zhang, H. X.; Lü, J. L.; Fang, Y. Langmuir 2017, 33, 5223. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b00346 doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b00346
186. [186]
  Li, M. S.; Tian, J. F.; Li, L. Z.; Liu, A. H.; Shen, W. Chem. Eng. Sci. 2013, 97, 337. doi: 10.1016/j.ces.2013.04.003 doi: 10.1016/j.ces.2013.04.003
1. [1]
  Yixuan Wang , Jiexin Li , Zhihao Shang , Chengcheng Feng , Jianmin Gu , Maosheng Ye , Ran Zhao , Danna Liu , Jingxin Meng , Shutao Wang . Wettability-driven synergistic resistance of scale and oil on robust superamphiphobic coating. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(7): 109623-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109623
2. [2]
  Peiwen Liu , Fang Zhao , Jing Zhang , Yunpeng Bai , Jinxing Ye , Bo Bao , Xinggui Zhou , Li Zhang , Changlu Zhou , Xinhai Yu , Peng Zuo , Jianye Xia , Lian Cen , Yangyang Yang , Guoyue Shi , Lin Xu , Weiping Zhu , Yufang Xu , Xuhong Qian . Micro/nano flow chemistry by Beyond Limits Manufacturing. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(5): 109020-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109020
3. [3]
  Zixu Xie , Pengfei Zhang , Ziyao Zhang , Chen Chen , Xing Wang . The choice of antimicrobial polymers: Hydrophilic or hydrophobic?. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(9): 109768-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109768
4. [4]
  Wangyan Hu , Ke Li , Xiangnan Dou , Ning Li , Xiayan Wang . Nano-sized stationary phase packings retained by single-particle frit for microchip liquid chromatography. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(4): 108806-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108806
5. [5]
  Dong Lv , Xuelei Liu , Wei Li , Qiang Zhang , Xinhong Yu , Yanchun Han . Single droplet formation by controlling the viscoelasticity of polymer solutions during inkjet printing. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(6): 109401-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109401
6. [6]
  Bei Li , Zhaoke Zheng . In situ monitoring of the spatial distribution of oxygen vacancies at the single-particle level. Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry, 2024, 43(10): 100331-100331. doi: 10.1016/j.cjsc.2024.100331
7. [7]
  Shiyu Hou , Maolin Sun , Liming Cao , Chaoming Liang , Jiaxin Yang , Xinggui Zhou , Jinxing Ye , Ruihua Cheng . Computational fluid dynamics simulation and experimental study on mixing performance of a three-dimensional circular cyclone-type microreactor. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(4): 108761-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108761
8. [8]
  Yan Zou , Yin-Shuang Hu , Deng-Hui Tian , Hong Wu , Xiaoshu Lv , Guangming Jiang , Yu-Xi Huang . Tuning the membrane rejection behavior by surface wettability engineering for an effective water-in-oil emulsion separation. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(6): 109090-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109090
9. [9]
  Fengkai Zou , Borui Su , Han Leng , Nini Xin , Shichao Jiang , Dan Wei , Mei Yang , Youhua Wang , Hongsong Fan . Red-emissive carbon quantum dots minimize phototoxicity for rapid and long-term lipid droplet monitoring. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(10): 109523-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2024.109523
10. [10]
  Hongxia Li , Xiyang Wang , Du Qiao , Jiahao Li , Weiping Zhu , Honglin Li . Mechanism of nanoparticle aggregation in gas-liquid microfluidic mixing. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(4): 108747-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108747
11. [11]
  Tian Feng , Yun-Ling Gao , Di Hu , Ke-Yu Yuan , Shu-Yi Gu , Yao-Hua Gu , Si-Yu Yu , Jun Xiong , Yu-Qi Feng , Jie Wang , Bi-Feng Yuan . Chronic sleep deprivation induces alterations in DNA and RNA modifications by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(8): 109259-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109259
12. [12]
  Haoyang Wang , Ronghao Zhang , Yanlun Ren , Li Zhang . A convenient method for measuring gas-liquid volumetric mass transfer coefficient in micro reactors. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(4): 108833-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108833
13. [13]
  Cheng Guo , Xiaoxiao Zhang , Xiujuan Hong , Yiqiu Hu , Lingna Mao , Kezhi Jiang . Graphene as adsorbent for highly efficient extraction of modified nucleosides in urine prior to liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(4): 108867-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108867
14. [14]
  Luyu Zhang , Zirong Dong , Shuai Yu , Guangyue Li , Weiwen Kong , Wenjuan Liu , Haisheng He , Yi Lu , Wei Wu , Jianping Qi . Ionic liquid-based in situ dynamically self-assembled cationic lipid nanocomplexes (CLNs) for enhanced intranasal siRNA delivery. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(7): 109101-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109101
15. [15]
  Haodong Wang , Xiaoxu Lai , Chi Chen , Pei Shi , Houzhao Wan , Hao Wang , Xingguang Chen , Dan Sun . Novel 2D bifunctional layered rare-earth hydroxides@GO catalyst as a functional interlayer for improved liquid-solid conversion of polysulfides in lithium-sulfur batteries. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(5): 108473-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108473
16. [16]
  Wenhao Yan , Shuaiya Xue , Xuerui Zhao , Wei Zhang , Jian Li . Hexagonal boron nitride based slippery liquid infused porous surface with anti-corrosion, anti-contaminant and anti-icing properties for protecting magnesium alloy. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(4): 109224-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109224
17. [17]
  Yufeng Wu , Mingjun Jing , Juan Li , Wenhui Deng , Mingguang Yi , Zhanpeng Chen , Meixia Yang , Jinyang Wu , Xinkai Xu , Yanson Bai , Xiaoqing Zou , Tianjing Wu , Xianyou Wang . Collaborative integration of Fe-N_x active center into defective sulfur/selenium-doped carbon for efficient oxygen electrocatalysts in liquid and flexible Zn-air batteries. Chinese Chemical Letters, 2024, 35(9): 109269-. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109269

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Metrics

PDF Downloads(27)
Abstract views(1441)
HTML views(491)

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142