Citation: CONTRERAS-GARCíA Julia, YANG Weitao. Perspective: Chemical Information Encoded in Electron Density[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, ;2018, 34(6): 567-580. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201801261 shu

Perspective: Chemical Information Encoded in Electron Density

CONTRERAS-GARCíA Julia ^1,, ,
YANG Weitao ²

1.
UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7616, Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique, case courrier 137, 4 place Jussieu, F-75005, Paris
2.
Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA

Author Bio: Dr. Contreras-García completed her Ph.D. studies in University of Oviedo with a National grant. She then went to Duke University as a Fulbright student, under the advisory of Prof. Yang. After another year of postdoctoral studies with Andreas Savin, she obtained her position at CNRS attached to Sorbonne University. She is interested in theories of chemical bonding in Euclidian space and the application to high pressure. In 2013 she received the European Award for young researchers in High Pressure
Corresponding author: CONTRERAS-GARCíA Julia, contrera@lct.jussieu.fr
Received Date: 22 November 2017
Revised Date: 15 January 2018
Accepted Date: 15 January 2016
Available Online: 26 June 2016
Fund Project: the National Science Foundation CHE-1362927This work was supported partially by the Framework of CALSIMLAB under the Public Grant ANR-11-LABX-0037-01 Overseen by the French National Research Agency (ANR) as Part of the "Investissements d'Avenir" Program (reference: ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02), by the National Science Foundation (CHE-1362927) and by the National Institute of Health (R01-GM061870), USAthe National Institute of Health, USA R01-GM061870the Framework of CALSIMLAB under the Public Grant ANR-11-LABX-0037-01 Overseen by the French National Research Agency (ANR) as Part of the "Investissements d'Avenir" Program ANR-11-IDEX-0004-02

In this perspective, we review the chemical information encoded in electron density and other ingredients used in semilocal functionals. This information is usually looked at from the functional point of view: the exchange density or the enhancement factor are discussed in terms of the reduced density gradient. However, what parts of a molecule do these 3D functions represent? We look at these quantities in real space, aiming to understand the electronic structure information they encode and provide an insight from the quantum chemical topology (QCT). Generalized gradient approximations (GGAs) provide information about the presence of chemical interactions, whereas meta-GGAs can differentiate between the different bonding types. By merging these two techniques, we show new insight into the failures of semilocal functionals owing to three main errors: fractional charges, fractional spins, and non-covalent interactions. We build on simple models. We also analyze the delocalization error in hydrogen chains, showing the ability of QCT to reveal the delocalization error introduced by semilocal functionals. Then, we show how the analysis of localization can help understand the fractional spin error in alkali atoms, and how it can be used to correct it. Finally, we show that the poor description of GGAs of isodesmic reactions in alkanes is due to 1, 3-interactions.
- DFT,
- Semi-local functional,
- Electron density,
- Quantum chemical topology
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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142