Citation: HAN Bo, CHENG Han-Song. Nickel Family Metal Clusters for Catalytic Hydrogenation Processes[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, ;2017, 33(7): 1310-1323. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201704172 shu

Nickel Family Metal Clusters for Catalytic Hydrogenation Processes

HAN Bo ,
CHENG Han-Song

Sustainable Energy Laboratory, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciecnes(Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, P. R. China

Received Date: 12 December 2016
Revised Date: 5 April 2017

Fund Project: The project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21473164, 21203169, 21233006) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, China University of Geosciences, China, and Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.

Nanoparticles of precious metals play an important role in many heterogeneous catalytic reactions due to their excellent catalytic performance. As an idealized model, gas phase metal clusters have been extensively utilized to understand catalytic mechanisms at a molecular level. Here we provide an overview of our recent studies on H₂ dissociative chemisorption on nickel family clusters. The structure evolution and the stability of the metal clusters were first compared. H₂ dissociation on the clusters was then carefully addressed to understand the capability of metal clusters to break the H-H bond. Two key parameters, the dissociative chemisorption energy (ΔE_CE) and the H sequential desorption energy (ΔE_DE),were employed to characterize the catalytic activity of metal clusters. Our results show that both ΔE_CE and ΔE_DE decline significantly as the H coverage increases. Since the catalyst is in general covered entirely by H atoms and H₂ molecules in a typical hydrogenation process, and maintained at a pre-determined pressure of H₂ gas, we can rationally use the calculated ΔE_CE and ΔE_DE values at full H saturation to address the activity of metal clusters. Our results suggest that at full H coverage, each Pt atom is essentially capable of adsorbing 4 H atoms, while each Ni or Pd atom can only accommodate 2 H atoms. Considering the similar values of H desorption energies on Pt and Pd clusters, the higher average H capacity per Pt atom could probably lead to a faster reaction rate because more active H atoms are produced on the Pt catalyst particles in the hydrogenation process. Finally, the charge sensitivity of the key catalytic properties of Pt clusters for hydrogenation was systematically evaluated. The results show that the dissociation of H₂ and H desorption are strongly correlated to the charge state of the Pt clusters at low H coverage. However, at high H-capacities, both ΔE_CE and ΔE_DE fall into a narrow range, suggesting that the charge can be readily dispersed and that the Pt-H bonds average the interaction between clusters and H atoms. As a result, the H-capacities on charged clusters were found to be similar as the cluster size increased; in case of sufficiently large clusters, the reactivity of a fully saturated cluster was no longer sensitive to its charge state.
- Clusters,
- Transition metal,
- Catalytic hydrogenation,
- Full H saturation,
- Charge state,
- Density functional theory
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