Citation: HU Hai-Feng, HE Tao. Controllable Modulation of Morphology and Photocatalytic Performance of ZnO Nanomaterials via pH Adjustment[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, ;2016, 32(2): 543-550. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201511194 shu

Controllable Modulation of Morphology and Photocatalytic Performance of ZnO Nanomaterials via pH Adjustment

HU Hai-Feng ^1,2 ,
HE Tao ^1,,

1.
1 CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, P. R. China;
2.
2 University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China

Corresponding author: HE Tao,
Received Date: 14 October 2015
Available Online: 18 November 2015
Fund Project: 国家科技部国际合作司(2015DFG62610)资助项目 (2015DFG62610)

ZnO microstructures and nanostructures with controlled-morphology were synthesized by the hydrothermal method. All samples were prepared using precursors at different pH values and then annealed at 500 ℃ for 2 h. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), and BET specific surface area measurement. All samples were confirmed by XRD to be wurtzite ZnO. As the pH value of the precursor increased, sheet-like ZnO disappeared and rod-like ZnO was produced. The major surfaces of sheet-like and rod-like ZnO were polar and nonpolar crystal faces, respectively. At pH 6.5, Cl^- was adsorbed onto the (002) polar face and inhibited the growth along the polar crystal face ({Zn²⁺}_{crystal surface}). A microporous sheet ZnO was formed by annealing the obtained sheet-like Zn₅(OH)₈Cl₂·H₂O. When OH^- was added into the precursor, Zn(OH)₄^2- was generated via coordination with Zn²⁺, which was adsorbed onto the (002) polar face and promoted growth along the polar crystal face. Rod-like ZnO was thus produced. The obtained ZnO could photocatalytically reduce CO₂ under illumination. Sheet-like ZnO exhibited better photocatalytic performance than rod-like ZnO. This may be because the polar crystal face shows better photocatalytic activity than the unpolar crystal face.
- ZnO,
- pH value,
- Hydrothermal process,
- Morphology,
- Photoreduction of CO₂
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