Citation: SHEN Bao-Shou, FENG Wang-Jun, LANG Jun-Wei, WANG Ru-Tao, TAI Zhi-Xin, YAN Xing-Bin. Nitric Acid Modification of Graphene Nanosheets Prepared by Arc- Discharge Method and Their Enhanced Electrochemical Properties[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, ;2012, 28(07): 1726-1732. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201204261 shu

Nitric Acid Modification of Graphene Nanosheets Prepared by Arc- Discharge Method and Their Enhanced Electrochemical Properties

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1School of Science, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, P. R. China; 2State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China

Received Date: 23 February 2012
Available Online: 26 April 2012
Fund Project: 项目, 中国博士后科学基金(20100480728) (20100480728)甘肃省青年科技基金计划项目(1107RJYA274)资助 (1107RJYA274)

Large-scale synthesis of few-layer graphene nanosheets (GNSs) with high crystallinity and electrical conductivity (1680 S·m^-1) is achieved by an arc-discharge method. The GNSs exhibited od morphologies as observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). However, electrochemical testing showed that the performance of the graphene (GNS) electrodes in supercapacitors was poor. To increase the surface active sites for electrochemical reactions and promote the wettability by aqueous electrolyte of the GNSs, a nitric acid treatment was used to chemically modify their surface. The acid treatment introduced more oxygen/nitrogen-containing functional groups onto the GNS surface, and clearly enhanced the hydrophilicity. The nitric-acid-modified GNSs (H-GNSs) showed vastly better electrode performance, with a maximum specific capacitance of 65.5 F·g^-1 (about 30 times that of original GNSs) at a current density of 0.5 A·g^-1 in 2 mol·L^-1 KOH electrolyte. In addition, the H-GNS electrode showed od cycling stability and lifetime after running 2000 cycles. Therefore, H-GNSs may be an attractive candidate as electrode materials for supercapacitors.
- Graphene,
- Arc-discharge,
- Chemical modification,
- Specific capacitance,
- Supercapacitor
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