Citation: CHENG Feng, HUANG Ke-Long, LIU Su-Qin, FANG Xue-Song, ZHANG Xin. Surfactant Carbonization to Synthesize a Fe₃O₄/C Composite and Its Electrochemical Performance[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, ;2011, 27(06): 1439-1445. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB20110607 shu

Surfactant Carbonization to Synthesize a Fe₃O₄/C Composite and Its Electrochemical Performance

1.
College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, P. R. China

Received Date: 14 March 2011
Available Online: 20 April 2011
Fund Project: 国家自然科学基金(50972165)资助项目 (50972165)

Oleic acid-capped α-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles were initially prepared as precursors by a simple hydrothermal method. Fe₃O₄/C nanocomposites were synthesized by annealing the precursor at 500 °C for 1 h under an Ar atmosphere. The surface organic groups and core phase structure of the samples were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe their morphology. The existence of carbon was confirmed by elemental analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and galvanostatic discharge/charge measurements were used to evaluate the electrochemical performance of the as-prepared Fe₃O₄/C nanocomposites. The results showed that Fe₃O₄/C nanocomposites were spindles alike with a length of about 200 nm and a diameter of about 100 nm. A carbon layer of 1-2 nm in thickness was coated on the surface of the Fe₃O₄ nanocrystals and the carbon content was 1.956% (mass fraction). As anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, the composite exhibited excellent cycling performance (691.7 mAh·g^-1 after 80 cycles at 0.2C (1C=928 mA·g^-1)) and rate capability (520 mAh·g^-1 after 20 cycles at 2C). Compared with commercial Fe₃O₄ particles, the remarkably improved electrochemical performance of the Fe₃O₄/C composites was attributed to in situ carbon coating, which prevented nanoparticle aggregation, increased electronic conductivity and stabilized the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) films.
- Lithium-ion battery,
- Magnetite,
- Surfactant carbonization,
- In situ carbon coating,
- Composite
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Surfactant Carbonization to Synthesize a Fe₃O₄/C Composite and Its Electrochemical Performance