Citation: QU Zheng-Yi, ZHENG Pei-He, LI Ya-Li, HOU Wei, WANG Ying-Ping. Rapid Identification of Saponins in Panax Notoginseng Fruits by Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Orbitrap High Resolution Mass Spectrometry[J]. Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry, ;2022, 50(2): 225-234. doi: 10.19756/j.issn.0253-3820.210805 shu

Rapid Identification of Saponins in Panax Notoginseng Fruits by Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Orbitrap High Resolution Mass Spectrometry

1.
Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and Plants, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 130112, China;
2.
College of Traditional Chinese Herbal Medicines, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China

Corresponding author: LI Ya-Li, yalilee@126.com
Received Date: 22 October 2021
Revised Date: 19 December 2021

Fund Project: Supported by the Project of Jilin Province Department of Science and Technology (No.20190201160JC), the Jilin Provincial Development and Reform Commission (Nos.2021C040-2, 2019C052-10), the Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund (Nos.125161034-2021-005, 125161034-2021-014, 125161034-2021-038), the Jilin Provincial Technology Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Decoction Pieces Processing and Transformation, and the Traditional Chinese Medicine Planting (Breeding Key Laboratory) of Jilin Province, China

Panax notoginseng (Burk.) F. H. Chen is a species of genus Panax, family Araliaceae, and has been widely used as a traditional Chinese medicine for treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Previous studies on the chemical constituents of Panax notoginseng are mainly focused on the roots and leaves parts, but there are few research on the fruits part. Panax notoginseng fruits (PNF) is a mature berry drupe of Panax notoginseng. In the interest of further exploitation and utilization of this precious medicinal plant, developing new medicinal parts of Panax notoginseng and finding new trace active components, the main chemical ingredients of saponins in PNF were rapidly analyzed and identified by ultra high performance liquid chromatography-orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-Orbitrap HRMS) in this work, based on the accuracy of the relative molecular mass, fragment ions, and retention behavior compared to those of reference substances. A total of 60 kinds of triterpenoid saponins were identified from ethanol extraction of PNF, including 43 kinds of protopanaxadiol saponins, 3 kinds of protopanaxatriol saponins, 12 kinds of C-17 side chain varied saponins, and 2 kinds of oleanolic acid saponins, respectively. Among them, 3 kinds of double malonylginsenosides were first identified from PNF, namely double malonyginsenoside Rc, double malonyginsenoside Rb₂ and double malonyginsenoside Rb₃. Meanwhile, the fragmentation patterns of different saponin types were analyzed and summarized. The saponins of PNF were comprehensively clarified in this study, which could provide a theoretical basis for the identification of saponins and utilization of non-medicinal parts of PNF.
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