Citation: JIANG Yan-Hong, LI Na-Na, LI Zai-Jun. Synthesis of Glutamic Acid and Histidine Functionalized Graphene Quantum Dots and Their Application as a Peroxidase for Colorimetric Determination of H₂O₂ Inside and Outside Tumor Cells and Fluorescence Imaging[J]. Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry, ;2021, 49(5): 809-819. doi: 10.19756/j.issn.0253-3820.201560 shu

Synthesis of Glutamic Acid and Histidine Functionalized Graphene Quantum Dots and Their Application as a Peroxidase for Colorimetric Determination of H₂O₂ Inside and Outside Tumor Cells and Fluorescence Imaging

School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China

Corresponding author: LI Zai-Jun, zaijunli@jiangnan.edu.cn
Received Date: 7 September 2020
Revised Date: 3 February 2021

Fund Project: Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2018YFC1603001) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.21576115).

Glutamic acid and histidine functionalized graphene quantum dots (Glu-GQD-His) were synthesized by pyrolysis of the mixture of citric acid, glutamic acid and histidine. The resulting Glu-GQD-His was composed of 2-3 layers of graphene sheets with an average size of (3.85±0.15) nm and rich functional groups. Glu-GQD-His could offer a strong blue fluorescence emission under visible light excitation, which was higher than that of graphene quantum dot (GQD) made via pyrolysis of citric acid. The results demonstrated that the introduction of glutamic acid and histidine could improve the optical properties. As an optical probe, Glu-GQD-His was of a low toxicity and could be used for cell fluorescence imaging. As an artificial peroxidase, Glu-GQD-His could catalyze the oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine with H₂O₂ to produce corresponding blue oxidation product. The Michaelis constant (K_m) reached 1.110 mmol/L, which was significantly lower than that of horseradish peroxidase (3.702 mmol/L) and GQD (1.443 mmol/L). This verified that Glu-GQD-His had a better catalytic activity. Based on the above catalytic reaction, the colorimetric method for determination of H₂O₂ was established. In the concentration range of 0.001-1.0 mmol/L, the absorbance of blue oxidation products would increase linearly with increasing H₂O₂ concentration. The detection limit of the method was 0.4 μmol/L. The as-proposed method provided better sensitivity and selectivity compared with the present analytical methods, and was successfully applied to detection of H₂O₂ inside and outside tumor cells.
- Graphene quantum dots,
- Optical probe,
- Artificial enzyme,
- Hydrogen peroxide,
- Bioimaging
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Synthesis of Glutamic Acid and Histidine Functionalized Graphene Quantum Dots and Their Application as a Peroxidase for Colorimetric Determination of H2O2 Inside and Outside Tumor Cells and Fluorescence Imaging

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Synthesis of Glutamic Acid and Histidine Functionalized Graphene Quantum Dots and Their Application as a Peroxidase for Colorimetric Determination of H₂O₂ Inside and Outside Tumor Cells and Fluorescence Imaging