Citation: Wenying Shi, Xianggui Kong, Hong Yan. Supramolecular chemistry: a molecularly functional world built by the noncovalent code[J]. University Chemistry, ;2026, 41(7): 134-143. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202506051 shu

Supramolecular chemistry: a molecularly functional world built by the noncovalent code

College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China

Corresponding author: Xianggui Kong, Hong Yan,
Received Date: 13 June 2025
Revised Date: 9 October 2025

Supramolecular chemistry investigates the spontaneous assembly of molecules or ions into functional complex systems through noncovalent interactions. This frontier field challenges conventional paradigms by demonstrating how delicate intermolecular cooperation—mediated by hydrogen bonding, metal coordination, hydrophobic effects, π-π stacking, and electrostatic interactions—serves as molecular recognition codes that guide the self-assembly of intelligent supramolecular systems capable of molecular recognition, catalysis, and stimuli-responsiveness. Employing an anthropomorphic narrative, this work systematically elucidates the structural characteristics and functional mechanisms of three major supramolecular categories: from cyclodextrin encapsulation and DNA origami construction to metal-organic frameworks (MOFs)-based selective adsorption, showcasing the synergistic potential of noncovalent interactions. Through designed classroom experiments involving hydrotalcite-luminescent molecule systems, we visually demonstrate supramolecular self-assembly processes and emission enhancement effects. Practical applications in environmental remediation, industrial catalysis, and biomedicine further illustrate how molecular-level cooperation translates into macroscopic functionality, providing readers with profound insights into supramolecular chemistry’s scientific essence and innovative methodologies.
- Popularization of science,
- Supramolecule,
- Non-covalent interactions,
- Organic-inorganic hybrid
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