Citation: Bao-yi Wu, Ya-wen Xu, Xiao-xia Le, Yu-kun Jian, Wei Lu, Jia-wei Zhang, Tao Chen. Smart Hydrogel Actuators Assembled via Dynamic Boronic Ester Bonds[J]. Acta Polymerica Sinica, ;2019, 50(5): 496-504. doi: 10.11777/j.issn1000-3304.2019.18281 shu

Smart Hydrogel Actuators Assembled via Dynamic Boronic Ester Bonds

Bao-yi Wu ^1,2 ,
Ya-wen Xu ² ,
Xiao-xia Le ¹ ,
Yu-kun Jian ¹ ,
Wei Lu ¹ ,
Jia-wei Zhang ^1,, ,
Tao Chen ^1,,

1.
Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201
2.
College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444

Corresponding author: Jia-wei Zhang, zhangjiawei@nimte.ac.cn Tao Chen, tao.chen@nimte.ac.cn
Received Date: 29 December 2018
Revised Date: 18 January 2019
Available Online: 25 February 2019

The reversible mechanical deformations of smart hydrogel actuators, such as swelling/shrinking and bending, under various external stimuli have earned them mounting attention in the application arenas of biomimetic actuators, soft robots, etc. Hydrogel actuators were initailly designed with isotropic structures for a simple swelling/shrinking triggered by external stimuli, while the research progress afterwards focuses more on the design of anisotropic structures that aims at complex shape deformation. However, the determined structure of traditional anisotropic hydrogel actuators typically led to fixed shape deformation direction and degree, which limited them from meeting the actual needs. To this end, we got inspired by the assembly of building blocks and integrated boronic acid groups into the hydrogel bulks. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) promoted the binding process of newly introduced groups by forming PBA-diol ester bonds with them under alkaline conditions, which was further confirmed by microscopic infrared spectroscopy. The dynamic covalent bonds between two hydrogel sheets were so strong that they were adhered firmly with each other without breaking during the tensile test. Then, two kinds of cationic monomers, methacryloxyethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (METAC) and N-isopropyl acrylamide (NIPAM), were introduced into the hydrogel system, respectively, to afford two types of stimuli-responsive hydrogels, and the smart hydrogel actuators that dually responded to temeperature and ionic strength were successfully fabricated by the sheet combination via PBA-diol ester bonds. Both 2D and 3D architectures could be achieved at elaborate selection of bonding positions. For instance, bonding of a 2D octopus-shaped hydrogel to another planar hydrogel could transfrom the 2D structure into a 3D type along with the swelling of octopus-shaped hydrogel. Finally, integration of METAC and NIPAM into one system could afford a soft gripper with tunable grasping force and dual responsiveness to ion strength and temperature. Our research has provided a new perspective for the design and fabrication of novel hydrogel actuators with complex deformations.
- Dynamic boronic ester bonds,
- Building block assembly,
- Hydrogel actuator,
- Ionic strength-responsiveness,
- Thermo-responsiveness
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