Citation: Shiquan Guo, Fei Chen, Congju Li. Multiscale engineering for regulating oxygen reduction activity in direct methanol fuel cell: A review[J]. Chinese Chemical Letters, ;2026, 37(9): 112408. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2026.112408 shu

Multiscale engineering for regulating oxygen reduction activity in direct methanol fuel cell: A review

Shiquan Guo ^{a, *,} ,
Fei Chen ^b ,
Congju Li ^{b, c, *,}

a.
School of Materials Science and Engineering, North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China
b.
School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
c.
College of Textiles, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China

gasongsq@163.com

congjuli@126.com

Received Date: 16 June 2025
Revised Date: 13 December 2025
Accepted Date: 12 January 2026
Available Online: 13 January 2026

Figures(8)

Direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) is a clean energy technology that integrates high-efficiency energy conversion with environmental benefits. However, its industrial application is hindered by the sluggish kinetics of the cathode oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). This key scientific challenge has driven diversified advances in high-performance ORR electrocatalysts. This review systematically outlines the reaction mechanisms and ORR pathways in DMFC. Furthermore, it comprehensively summarizes recent advances in multi-scale modification strategies, including methanol tolerance optimization, rational design of active sites, electronic structure tailoring, surface/interface micro-environment engineering, and additional modulation approaches for enhancing ORR performance. Additionally, the mechanisms for enhancing intrinsic catalytic activity are discussed in depth, along with the elucidation of the structure-activity relationship governing catalyst performance in terms of activity, selectivity, and stability. Finally, in light of the critical challenges currently facing DMFC cathode catalysts, future directions and development pathways for catalyst design are proposed.
- Oxygen reduction reaction,
- Electrocatalysts,
- Modification strategies,
- Electrocatalytic performance,
- Direct methanol fuel cell
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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142