Citation: Mengdie Li, Shundong Cai, Hongjin Li, Yuhang Cheng, Jinfa Ye, Lang Ke, Yun Han, Min Su, Gang Liu, Chengchao Chu. Nanotherapeutics for ocular posterior segment diseases therapy: Towards its advances and challenges[J]. Chinese Chemical Letters, ;2026, 37(5): 111392. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.111392 shu

Nanotherapeutics for ocular posterior segment diseases therapy: Towards its advances and challenges

Mengdie Li ^{a, b, 1} ,
Shundong Cai ^{a, b, 1} ,
Hongjin Li ^{a, b} ,
Yuhang Cheng ^{a, b} ,
Jinfa Ye ^{a, b} ,
Lang Ke ^{a, b} ,
Yun Han ^{a, b} ,
Min Su ^{c, *,} ,
Gang Liu ^{d, *,} ,
Chengchao Chu ^{a, b, *,}

a.
Xiamen University Affiliated Xiamen Eye Center, Eye Institute of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
b.
Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Fujian Engineering and Research Center of Eye Regenerative Medicine, Xiamen 361102, China
c.
School of Pharmacy, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen 361023, China
d.
State Key Laboratory of Vaccines for Infectious Diseases, Xiang An Biomedicine Laboratory, National Innovation Platform for Industry-Education Integration in Vaccine Research, Fujian Engineering Research Center of Molecular Theranostic Technology, Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China

sumin@xmmc.edu.cn

gangliu.cmitm@xmu.edu.cn

chuchengchao@xmu.edu.cn

Received Date: 8 January 2025
Revised Date: 21 May 2025
Accepted Date: 28 May 2025
Available Online: 28 May 2025

Figures(7)

Ocular posterior segment diseases (OPSDs), including uveitis, glaucoma, retinitis pigmentosa (RP), fundus neovascular diseases (FNDs), and age-related macular degeneration (AMD), are major causes of global blindness. The eye's biological barriers often prevent conventional drugs from reaching the posterior segment effectively, while potentially causing adverse effects. Nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems (DDS) offer promising solutions, with their small size, tunable properties, and high biocompatibility enhancing drug permeability, stability, and targeted delivery. These systems may reduce administration frequency, prolong therapeutic effects, minimize side effects, and improve patient compliance. Unlike previous reviews, this article comprehensively examines novel nanocarriers for OPSD treatment. We first analyze small molecules, their nanocarriers, and administration methods based on recent two-decade research. Next, we compare nanocarrier stability, biocompatibility, ocular penetration, drug release kinetics, and formulation ease, emphasizing recent advances in design, preparation, and functional modification. Finally, by evaluating clinical applications and challenges, we discuss translational hurdles and future prospects for OPSD nanotherapeutics. Greater research efforts are needed to realize nanocarriers' full potential in OPSD treatment.
- Ocular posterior segment diseases,
- Drug delivery systems,
- Nanoparticles,
- Nanocarriers,
- Clinical application
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