Citation: Zhiyao Yang, Kuirong Fu, Wentao Yu, Along Jia, Xinnan Chen, Yimin Cai, Xiaowei Li, Wen Feng, Lihua Yuan. A multi-stimuli responsive [3]rotaxane based on hydrogen-bonded aramide azo-macrocycles[J]. Chinese Chemical Letters, ;2025, 36(9): 110842. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2025.110842 shu

A multi-stimuli responsive [3]rotaxane based on hydrogen-bonded aramide azo-macrocycles

College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Radiation Physics and Technology of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China

lixw@scu.edu.cn

lhyuan@scu.edu.cn

Received Date: 1 November 2024
Revised Date: 25 December 2024
Accepted Date: 10 January 2025
Available Online: 11 January 2025

Figures(6)

A novel [3]rotaxane, featuring two hydrogen-bonded aramide azo-macrocycles mechanically interlocked on a dumbbell with distinct recognition sites, a secondary dialkylammonium (AM) unit and a 4,4′-bipyridinium (BP) unit, has been synthesized. This multi-stimuli-responsive [3]rotaxane exhibits unique molecular motion, with the macrocycles shuttling along the axle in response to acid-base reactions, temperature changes, solvent variations, and light irradiation. The molecular shuttle and reversibility were investigated by ¹H NMR, 2D NOESY, HRESI-MS, and UV-vis spectroscopy. This study provides a rare example of a higher order rotaxane with multi-stimuli responsiveness, highlighting its potential for multi-state control over the motion of interlocked rings on an axle. The ability to manipulate the molecular motion of the macrocycles through various external triggers offers insights for future developments in molecular machinery and adaptive materials.
- Rotaxane,
- Molecular shuttle,
- Multi-stimuli responsiveness,
- Hydrogen-bonded macrocycles,
- Supramolecular chemistry
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