Citation: Linjing Li, Wenlai Xu, Jianyong Ning, Yaping Zhong, Chuyue Zhang, Jiane Zuo, Zhicheng Pan. Revealing the intrinsic mechanisms for accelerating nitrogen removal efficiency in the Anammox reactor by adding Fe(II) at low temperature[J]. Chinese Chemical Letters, ;2024, 35(8): 109243. doi: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.109243 shu

Revealing the intrinsic mechanisms for accelerating nitrogen removal efficiency in the Anammox reactor by adding Fe(II) at low temperature

Linjing Li ^a ,
Wenlai Xu ^a ,
Jianyong Ning ^a ,
Yaping Zhong ^{c, f} ,
Chuyue Zhang ^{d, e} ,
Jiane Zuo ^{b, g} ,
Zhicheng Pan ^{b, c, e, *,}

a.
State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China
b.
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
c.
National Postdoctoral Research Station, Haitian Water Group, Chengdu 610213, China
d.
National Enterprise Technology Center, Haitian Water Group, Chengdu 610213, China
e.
Water Safety and Water Pollution Control Engineering Technology Research Center in Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610213, China
f.
Laboratory of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Technology in Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610213, China
g.
Institute of Environment and Ecology, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China

panzc18@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn

Received Date: 8 August 2023
Revised Date: 29 August 2023
Accepted Date: 23 October 2023
Available Online: 2 November 2023

Figures(5)

Fe(II) is an essential trace element for anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria (AAOB) metabolism, and can improve the nitrogen removal efficiency of anaerobic ammonia oxidation (Anammox). Here we operated two identical expanded granular sludge bed (EGSB) reactors at low temperature (15 ± 3 ℃) for 154 days. Reactor 1 (R₁) received additional Fe(II) (0.12 mmol/L) during the late startup phase, while reactor 0 (R₀) served as the control and did not receive extra Fe(II). Nitrogen removal in R₁ became stable at 55 d of operation, ten days earlier than R₀. The nitrogen removal rate (NRR) of R₁ was 1.64 kg N m⁻³ d⁻¹ and its TN removal rate was as high as 89%, while R₀ only reached 75%. The addition of Fe(II) was further beneficial to aggregation and stability of the granular sludge, and the used sludge of both reactors showed enrichment for AAOB populations compared to the inoculum, for instance, increased abundance of Candidatus-Kuenenia and in particular of Candidatus-Brocadia (from 0.17% to 10.10% in R₀ and 7.79% in R₁). Diverse microbial species and complex microbial network structure in R₁ compared to R₀ promoted the coupled denitrogenation by Anammox, dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA), nitrate-dependent Fe oxidation (NDFO), and ferric ammonium oxidation (Feammox). In addition, the microbial community in R₁ was more resistant to short-term low temperature (2–7 ℃) starvation, illustrating a further positive effect of adding Fe(II) during the startup phase of an Anammox reactor.
- Ambient low temperature,
- Anammox,
- Fe(II),
- Extracellular polymeric substances,
- Microbial community,
- Microbial network analysis
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