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Citation: Jing Yan, Zenan Zhang, Dongwei Ma, Xinyi Zhang, Zhuodong Ye, Xuefang Chen. Melamine-assisted topotactic transformation of MOFs into needle-like α-MoC/β-Mo2C for high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption and corrosion resistance[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, ;2026, 42(9): 100328. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2026.100328 shu

Melamine-assisted topotactic transformation of MOFs into needle-like α-MoC/β-Mo2C for high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption and corrosion resistance

  • 1.

    School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, Shaanxi Province, China

  • 2.

    School of Automotive Materials, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan 442002, Hubei Province, China

  • 3.

    Chemical Defence Institute, Academy of Military Science, Beijing 102205, China

  • The growing demand for superior electromagnetic wave absorbing (EWA) materials with broad bandwidth, lightweight, as well as corrosion resistance has driven interest in molybdenum carbide-based composites. However, single-phase molybdenum carbides typically exhibit unsatisfactory impedance matching and restricted tunability of dielectric loss. Herein, we report a melamine-assisted topotactic transformation of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) into needle-like α-MoC/β-Mo2C composites for high-performance EWA and corrosion resistance. In this strategy, melamine serves as an additional carbon/nitrogen source and structure-directing agent. During pyrolysis, the gases released from melamine decomposition induce an in situ morphological reconstruction of the bimetallic MOF (MoZn-BIFs) precursor, significantly improving specific surface area and pore architecture, which promotes attenuation of electromagnetic waves and multiple reflections. By systematically optimizing the precursor-to-melamine mass ratio and pyrolysis temperature, we obtain the optimized α-MoC/β-Mo2C composite (denoted MoC/Mo2C-M11T700) at a mass ratio of 1 : 1 and a pyrolysis temperature of 700 ℃. This material exhibits a unique needle-like three-dimensional conductive network with abundant multiphase interfaces, effectively promoting interfacial polarization and dielectric loss. Remarkably, at a filler loading of only 30 wt% and a matching thickness of 2.025 mm, the MoC/Mo2C-M11T700 achieves a minimum reflection loss (RLmin) of -63.61 dB. Its total effective absorption bandwidth over the thickness range of 1– 4 mm (EABtotal) is 12.61 GHz (covering 5.39–18 GHz), demonstrating excellent broadband EWA performance. Furthermore, the material shows good corrosion resistance. This work clarifies the mechanism behind the formation of the dual-phase heterostructure and its influence on electromagnetic parameters, providing a facile and controllable route for developing high-performance, multifunctional molybdenum carbide-based absorbers.
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