Citation: Xiaofei Zhang, Shanhao Xu, Zhiyuan Wang, Long He, Tiangcheng Huang, Yongming Xu, Yucui Bian, Yike Li, Haijun Chen, Zhongjun Li. Surface doping of graphene into BiOCl for efficient photocatalytic amine coupling under visible light[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, ;2026, 42(5): 100202. doi: 10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100202 shu

Surface doping of graphene into BiOCl for efficient photocatalytic amine coupling under visible light

Xiaofei Zhang ^{1, †} ,
Shanhao Xu ^{1, †} ,
Zhiyuan Wang ¹ ,
Long He ¹ ,
Tiangcheng Huang ¹ ,
Yongming Xu ² ,
Yucui Bian ¹ ,
Yike Li ^1,, ,
Haijun Chen ^1,, ,
Zhongjun Li ¹

1.
College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan Province, China
2.
Technology Center, China Tobacco Henan Industrial Co. Ltd., Zhengzhou 450000, Henan Province, China

Corresponding author: Yike Li, liyike@zzu.edu.cn Haijun Chen, chenhaijun@zzu.edu.cn
Received Date: 17 August 2025
Revised Date: 18 October 2025
Accepted Date: 19 October 2025

The carbon-doped BiOCl was prepared using glucose as a carbon source. The carbon dopants are mainly concentrated in the surface or shallow lattice of the crystals with partial bonded to oxygen atoms. The conversion of benzylamine for its self-coupling (> 99%) is boosted by 12 times over carbon-doped BiOCl that of bare BiOCl under visible light at room temperature using molecular oxygen as a green oxidant. The doped catalyst shows good functional groups toleration of amines and facet-dependent photocatalytic activity. Comprehensive characterizations verify that doping of carbon causes the formation of doping energy level in the original band gap of crystal, which widens the absorption range of BiOCl to visible light and decreases its work function. Meanwhile, the doping of carbon also enhances the electric field in the BiOCl and the most efficient dopant is the single and bilayer graphene which can capture the conduction band electrons that are excited to higher energy levels following the electron-hole separation. This retards the electrons recombination with holes and improves the separation efficiency of photo-generated carriers. Moreover, the O₂ activation is enhanced. This work provides a reference for the rational design of photocatalysts and the realization of high-efficiency and directional organic conversion.
- Photocatalysis,
- Selective oxidation,
- Imine synthesis,
- Carbon doping,
- Bismuth oxyhalide
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