Citation: Katia Barbera, Leone Frusteri, Giuseppe Italiano, Lorenzo Spadaro, Francesco Frusteri, Siglinda Perathoner, Gabriele Centi. Low-temperature graphitization of amorphous carbon nanospheres[J]. Chinese Journal of Catalysis, ;2014, 35(6): 869-876. doi: 10.1016/S1872-2067(14)60098-X shu

Low-temperature graphitization of amorphous carbon nanospheres

1.
a University of Messina and INSTM/CASPE (Lab. of Catalysis for Sustainable Production and Energy), Department of Electronic Engineering, Industrial Chemistry and Engineering-Contrada di Dio I-98166 Messina, Italy;

Corresponding author: Katia Barbera,
Received Date: 20 March 2014
Available Online: 9 April 2014
Fund Project: This work was supported by EU project INCAS "Integration of Nanoreactor and multisite CAtalysis for a Sustainable chemical production" (Grant agreement no: 245988) (Grant agreement no: 245988)

The investigation by SEM/TEM, porosity, and X-ray diffraction measurements of the graphitization process starting from amorphous carbon nanospheres, prepared by glucose carbonization, is reported. Aspects studied are the annealing temperature in the 750-1000℃ range, the type of inert carrier gas, and time of treatment in the 2-6 h range. It is investigated how these parameters influence the structural and morphological characteristics of the carbon materials obtained as well as their nanostructure. It is shown that it is possible to maintain after graphitization the round-shaped macro morphology, a high surface area and porosity, and especially a large structural disorder in the graphitic layers stacking, with the presence of rather small ordered domains. These are characteristics interesting for various catalytic applications. The key in obtaining these characteristics is the thermal treatment in a flow of N₂. It was demonstrated that the use of He rather than N₂ does not allow obtaining the same results. The effect is attributed to the presence of traces of oxygen, enough to create the presence of oxygen functional groups on the surface temperatures higher than 750℃, when graphitization occurs. These oxygen functional groups favor the graphitization process.
- Graphitization,
- Carbon nanospheres,
- Carbon structural disorder
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