利用改进的Hummers法氧化鳞片石墨，获得富含羟基和羧基的氧化石墨烯量子点(GOQDs)。通过透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射、红外光谱及拉曼光谱测试表征其理化性质。此外，利用鸡卵清蛋白(OVA)作为模式抗原，构筑GOQDs/OVA纳米疫苗并评估其载量、安全性、免疫效力等。结果显示，GOQDs/OVA纳米疫苗直径在5 nm左右，具有高度的水分散性和稳定性。其对OVA的最大负载量约为500 mg·g^-1，在pH=5.5和7.4环境下24 h的释放率分别为74.65%和56.93%，表现出pH刺激响应释放性能。当GOQDs浓度在500 μg·mL^-1以下时，不会引起溶血、细胞损伤、重要组织发生病变等现象。免疫后，与OVA单独免疫对照组相比，GOQDs/OVA纳米疫苗可以诱导产生高水平的免疫球蛋白G(IgG)、免疫球蛋白G1(IgG1)及免疫球蛋白G2a(IgG2a)抗体，提高白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-2、IL-4和IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)和γ干扰素(IFN-γ)的分泌，同时促进脾中辅助性(CD4⁺)和细胞毒性(CD8⁺)T淋巴细胞百分比的增加。

Graphitic carbon nitride (CN)-based materials were synthesized using melamine, urea, guanidine carbonate, and thiourea as precursors via pyrolysis. The synthesized materials underwent comprehensive characterization employing techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption test. These materials were evaluated for their performance as cathodes with platinum sheet electrodes as anodes in the selective electrocatalytic reduction of Sn(Ⅳ) in an acid solution. During the reduction of Sn(Ⅳ) to Sn(Ⅱ), Sn(Ⅱ) can also be reduced to Sn due to the similar reduction potentials of Sn(Ⅱ) and Sn(Ⅳ). The deposition of Sn on the cathode diminishes the electrode conductivity efficiency. Therefore, the electrode material must fulfill the dual requirements of reducing Sn(Ⅳ) to Sn(Ⅱ) while preventing the reduction of Sn(Ⅱ) to Sn. In comparison to conventional cathode materials such as copper plates, graphite plates, ruthenium iridium titanium plates, and platinum plates, the CN demonstrated superior performance in the selective electrocatalytic reduction of Sn(Ⅳ) in an acidic solution. In addition, CN exhibited a lower potential in a dual-electrode electrolytic cell and maintained stability under acidic conditions, enabling the selective reduction of Sn(Ⅳ) to Sn(Ⅱ).

合成了2个丁二酮肟有机锡化合物：双(三(2-甲基-2-苯基丙基)锡)丁二酮肟配合物(C₆H₅C(CH₃)₂CH₂)₃Sn(ON=C(CH₃)C(CH₃)=NO)Sn(CH₂C(CH₃)₂C₆H₅)₃ (1)和二苄基锡氧氯丁二酮肟多核配合物[μ₃-O-((C₆H₅CH₂)₂Sn)₂(ON=C(CH₃)C(CH₃)=NOH)(O)Cl]₂(2)。通过元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振(¹H、¹³C、¹¹⁹Sn)、差热分析和单晶X射线衍射对配合物进行了结构表征，对其结构进行量子化学从头计算，并进行了体外抗癌活性研究。结果显示：配合物1为通过配体丁二酮肟桥联的双锡核中心对称分子，锡原子均为四配位的畸变四面体构型；配合物2为通过氧原子和丁二酮肟配体桥联的四锡核中心对称多环聚合结构，锡原子分别为五配位的畸变三角双锥构型和六配位的畸变八面体构型。配合物对人肝癌细胞(HUH7)、人肺癌细胞(A549)、人表皮癌细胞(A431)、人结肠癌细胞(HCT-116)和人乳腺癌细胞(MDA-MB-231)均有较强的抑制活性。

The hydrated tricyclohexyltin theophylline-7-acetic acid (tpH) complex [Sn(C₆H₁₁)₃(tp)(H₂O)] was synthesized via an ethanol solvothermal method using tricyclohexyltin hydroxide and tpH in a 1∶1 molar ratio. The complex was characterized by IR, ¹H (¹³C) NMR, elemental analysis, and powder X-ray diffraction, and the crystal structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The crystal belongs to the orthorhombic system with space group Iba2, and the central tin atom is in a five-coordinated trigonal bipyramidal configuration. Quantum chemistry ab initio calculations were performed to investigate the stability, molecular orbital energy, and frontier molecular orbital characteristics of the complex. Additionally, its thermal stability, electrochemical properties, and in vitro anticancer activity were evaluated.

有机-无机卤化物钙钛矿太阳能电池(PSCs)因其优异的光伏性能(PCE)和简单的制备工艺而受到广泛关注。然而，界面处的电荷复合是制约PSCs光电转换效率进一步提高的关键因素。本文基于旋涂镀膜法利用室温合成的六氯锡酸铵(AH)晶体对钙钛矿薄膜(PSK)和电子传输层之间的界面进行修饰。AH是一种无机锡基钙钛矿材料，可以钝化PSK中的缺陷，建立更好的晶格匹配，从而提高PSK的质量和结晶度。开尔文探针力显微镜结果证实，AH促进了光生电子的定向迁移。飞秒瞬态吸收光谱结果说明AH有效缩短了电子抽取寿命，促进了界面电子转移。基于AH改性的优点，AH修饰的PSCs具有更高的PCE和更小的迟滞效应。

合成了二(邻氟苄基)锡-2，2′-联吡啶-6，6′-二甲酸(H₂bpdc)配合物[Sn(o-F-C₆H₄CH₂)₂(bpdc)(H₂O)]₂·H₂O (1)和二正丁基锡-2，2′-联吡啶-6，6′-二甲酸配合物[Sn(n-C₄H₉)₂(bpdc)(H₂O)]·H₂O (2)。通过元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振谱(¹H、¹³C和¹¹⁹Sn)、差热分析进行了表征；用单晶X射线衍射方法测定了配合物的晶体结构，对其结构进行量子化学计算，测定了配合物对人胃腺癌细胞(AGS)、人急性淋巴母细胞白血病细胞(MOLT4)和人乳腺癌细胞(MDA-MB-231)的体外抑制活性。结果显示: 配合物均为单核分子，中心锡原子均为七配位的畸变五角双锥构型；除配合物2对MDA-MB-231的抑制活性相对较弱外，配合物对其它细胞均显示了较强的抑制活性。