Ultrafine, highly dispersed Pt clusters were immobilized onto the Co nanoparticle surfaces by one-step pyrolysis of the precursor Pt(Ⅱ)-encapsulating Co-MOF-74. Owing to the small size effects of Pt clusters as well as the strongly enhanced synergistic interactions between Pt and Co atoms, the obtained Pt-on-Co/C400 catalysts exhibited excellent catalytic activity toward the hydrolysis of ammonia borane with an extremely high turnover frequency (TOF) value of 3 022 min^-1 at 303 K. Durability test indicated that the obtained Pt-on-Co/C400 catalysts possessed high catalytic stability, and there were no changes in the catalyst structures and catalytic activities after 10 cycles.

The rare-earth (La³⁺, Gd³⁺, or Er³⁺)-doped NiCo₂O₄ catalysts were supported on nickel foam to optimize charge rearrangement and structural reconstruction, thereby improving oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance. Notably, the incorporation of La³⁺ collectively modulates the electronic configuration of Ni²⁺ and Co³⁺ through lattice distortion. It strengthens metal-oxygen bonding, thereby constructing the La—O—Ni/Co structural unit, which promotes charge transfer during the OER process and enhances catalytic activity. As a result, the ultrafine seagrass-shaped La-NiCo₂O₄-1 exhibited excellent OER activity. In a 1 mol·L^-1 KOH electrolyte, the prepared 0.25 mmol La³⁺ doped NiCo₂O₄ exhibited high OER activity with a low overpotential of 283 mV at 10 mA·cm^-2, along with outstanding stability for over 75 h at the multi-step chronoamperometry curve of 50→100→150→100→50 mA·cm^-2.