介绍了用Diamond软件构造47种晶体单形模型的方法及其在教学中的应用。

A mononuclear Co^Ⅱ complex, [Co(H₂dapsc)(H₂O)Cl]Cl·2H₂O (1), with a pentagonal bipyramidal configuration was obtained by reflux reaction of CoCl₂·6H₂O and 2, 6-diacetylpyridine-bis(semicarbazone) (H₂dapsc) in a mixed solvent of water and ethanol. The neutral ligand H₂dapsc molecule provides five coordination atoms to form the equatorial plane of 1, while a water molecule and a Cl^- ion occupy their axial positions. At the same time, the solid structure contains a valence counteranion Cl^- ion and two lattice water molecules. The study of DC magnetic susceptibility indicates that complex 1 has strong magnetic anisotropy. The AC magnetic properties show the existence of slow magnetic relaxation behavior, which is dominated by both direct and Raman processes. The energy barrier for magnetization reversal was 55.55 K. Based on theoretical calculations, it can be concluded that the main reason for the slow magnetic relaxation behavior is the rhombic anisotropy of the pentagonal bipyramidal structure. The calculated D and E values were 45.68 and-0.32 cm^-1.

单分子电子学作为纳米技术的重要分支，致力于研究单个分子的电学特性，为发展超小型、低功耗电子器件提供理论基础与技术支撑。精确调控单分子结的电子传输性质，是该领域面临的核心技术挑战。电化学调控，凭借其卓越的调控性和可逆性，正成为单分子电子学中一个极具潜力的研究方向。本文综述了近十年电化学调控在单分子电子学中的应用进展，涵盖了电输运能级、分子价态、电极与分子间键合方式以及离子液体双电层栅极的调控策略。通过分析具体案例，旨在帮助学生了解单分子电子学的研究前沿，理解其在现代纳米电子学中的重要性。

采用浸渍吸附法，以多孔碳纳米笼(CNC)作为载体，简便构建了单原子铂/CNC (SA-Pt/CNC)纳米酶。通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)、高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)深入解析了SA-Pt/CNC的微观结构。酶活性测试表明，SA-Pt/CNC表现出优异的类过氧化物酶活性，能高效催化过氧化氢氧化各种底物分子。

采用一种简单的策略，以未去除模板剂的原粉介孔二氧化硅KIT-6(TOK)为载体，利用模板剂和二氧化硅壁之间的限阈空间来制备单原子催化剂(SACs)。通过固相研磨将含Mn前驱体引入TOK的固有限阈空间后，Mn SACs可在热处理过程中迅速生成。密度泛函理论计算和实验数据表明，Mn原子被载体上的Si—OH基团所锚定，并以Mn—O—Si的形式存在。将得到的Mn SACs应用于电催化析氧反应，实验结果显示，与在没有限阈空间载体中合成的对比样品相比，Mn SACs表现出更出色的催化性能。

A tetranuclear Ln(Ⅲ)-based complex: [Dy₄(dbm)₄(L)₆(μ₃-OH)₂]·CH₃CN (1) (HL=5-[(4-methylbenzylidene)amino]quinolin-8-ol, Hdbm=dibenzoylmethane) was manufactured and its structure was characterized in detail. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that complex 1 belongs to the monoclinic crystal system and its space group is P2₁/n, which contains a rhombic Dy₄ core. Magnetic measurements of 1 suggest it possesses extraordinary single-molecule magnet (SMM) behavior. Its energy barrier U_eff/k_B was 116.7 K, and the pre-exponential coefficient τ₀=1.05×10^-8 s.

A new cobalt(Ⅱ)-radical complex: [Co(im4-py)₂(PNB)₂] (im4-py=2-(4'-pyridyl)-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazole-1-oxyl, HPNB=p-nitrobenzoic acid) has been synthesized and characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, elemental analysis, IR, and magnetic properties. X-ray diffraction analysis shows that the complex exists as mononuclear molecules and Co(Ⅱ)ion is four-coordinated with two radicals and two PNB^- ligands. The magnetic susceptibility study indicates the complex exhibits weak ferromagnetic interactions between cobalt(Ⅱ) and im4-py radical. The magnetic property is explained by the magnetic and structure exchange mechanism.

光催化剂固有的表面原子构型，通常缺乏不稳定或难以生成的原子空位，这往往限制了金属单原子(MSA)助催化剂与光催化剂之间有效相互作用的形成，从而抑制了单原子光催化剂的稳定性和性能提升。在本研究中，我们提出了一种简便且经济的光化学氧还原反应(ORR)机制，用于在温和条件下(仅消耗水和氧气，压力为101325 Pa，温度为25 °C)在TiO₂光催化剂上制备热力学稳定的贵金属单原子助催化剂。第一性原理模拟首次从理论上揭示了TiO₂的固有表面构型仅能产生不稳定的Pt―O₂结构。然而，TiO₂上发生的ORR不仅能够提供一个外来氧与Pt单原子(PtSA)配位，还能诱导一个表面晶格氧向PtSA移动，从而促进热力学稳定的Pt―O₄物种的形成，这一点通过在氧气氛围而非惰性氛围中实验合成TiO₂上的PtSA得到了验证。所获得的稳定PtSA-TiO₂光催化剂在共生产高纯度氢气和附加值乙醛时，表现出320.4 mmol·g^-1·h^-1的光催化速率，选择性高达99.65%，其活性是负载Pt纳米颗粒的TiO₂的三倍。该策略进一步扩展至其他贵金属，如Rh和Pd。