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无机化学学报
Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry
主管 : 中国科学技术协会
刊期 : 月刊主编 : 游效曾
语种 : 中文主办 : 中国化学会
ISSN : 1001-4861 CN : 32-1185/O6展开 >《无机化学学报》由中国化学会主办,是展示我国无机化学研究成果的学术性期刊,月刊。1985年由化学前辈戴安邦院士(发起)创刊,现任主编游效曾院士。编辑部设在南京大学化学化工学院化学楼。报道我国无机化学领域的基础研究和应用基础研究的创新成果,内容涉及固体无机化学、配位化学、无机材料化学、生物无机化学、有机金属化学、理论无机化学、超分子化学和应用无机化学、催化等,着重报道新的和已知化合物的合成、热力学、动力学性质、谱学、结构和成键等。设有综述、研究快报及论文等栏目。
本刊所刊论文均为美国《科学引文索引》(SCI)网络版、美国《化学文摘》(CA)、《中国学术期刊文摘》(中、英文版)、《中国科技论文与引文数据库(CSTPCD)》、《中国科学引文数据库》、《中文科技期刊数据库》、《中国期刊全文数据库》、《中国核心期刊(遴选)数据库》、中国台湾华艺《中文电子期刊服务》等国内外多种著名检索刊物和文献数据库摘引和收录。
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采用浸渍吸附法,以多孔碳纳米笼(CNC)作为载体,简便构建了单原子铂/CNC (SA-Pt/CNC)纳米酶。通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)、高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)深入解析了SA-Pt/CNC的微观结构。酶活性测试表明,SA-Pt/CNC表现出优异的类过氧化物酶活性,能高效催化过氧化氢氧化各种底物分子。
利用碳空位缺陷有序化策略构筑了多层六方孔洞MXene电极材料,在软包超级电容器中实现了高比容量和高能量密度水系钾离子存储。该电极材料具有较大比表面积的三维六方孔洞结构,为储钾提供了更多的活性位点。结合六方孔洞内壁新暴露的钛原子的化合价变化引起的赝电容效应,阐明了多层六方孔洞MXene水系钾离子超级电容器比容量提高的内在原因。通过密度泛函理论计算多层六方孔洞MXene对钾离子的吸附能,并结合电化学储钾性能实验及动力学分析,确定了钾离子被吸附的最佳位置,得出了钾离子的吸附规律。通过定量分析多层六方孔洞MXene中电子的能带结构和差分电荷密度等电子传输规律,揭示了其水系钾离子超级电容器具有高电导率和良好倍率性能的内在机理。
通过缩合反应制备了一例简单的席夫碱探针苯并色烯-2-甲醛缩二氨基马来腈(1),使用核磁共振氢谱/碳谱、质谱和单晶X射线衍射等手段表征了探针的结构。荧光测试表明,探针1自身无荧光,而次氯酸根(ClO-)能够特异性打开探针1在530 nm处的强荧光发射。探针1对ClO-响应灵敏且在数秒内完成。通过质谱和理论计算手段研究了ClO-介导的探针1的分解反应机理。此外,该探针还可用于活细胞、斑马鱼和拟南芥中ClO-的荧光成像。
由5-溴水杨酸(H2BBA)合成了钠(Ⅰ)/镉(Ⅱ)配合物[Na (HBBA)]n(1)和[Cd (HBBA)2(4,4'-Bipy)]n(2)(H2BBA=5-溴水杨酸,4,4'-Bipy=4,4'-联吡啶)。通过元素分析、红外光谱、热重、粉末X射线衍射和单晶X射线衍射表征了其结构。配合物1的不对称单元中有1个钠离子和1个HBBA-。钠离子是六配位的三棱柱构型,HBBA-配体的3个氧原子分别与2个钠离子配位,连接相邻的钠离子形成了3条一维链结构,HBBA-配体连接相邻的3条一维链形成了二维网络结构。分子间氢键连接相邻的二维网络结构形成了三维氢键网络结构。配合物2中有1个镉离子、2个HBBA-和1个4,4'-Bipy。镉离子是六配位的扭曲八面体构型,4,4'-Bipy配体连接相邻的2个镉离子形成了一维链结构。分子间氢键连接相邻的一维链结构形成了三维氢键网络结构。通过Hirshfeld表面和指纹图分析了配合物晶体中的弱分子间作用力。详细研究了配合物1和2的热稳定性和抑菌活性。
将无机盐NH4F加入到MnO2的前驱体溶液中,通过高效、简单的一步水热法制备了具有氧缺陷的F掺杂α-MnO2纳米棒(记为F-MnO2)。氧空位和F掺杂对提高F-MnO2的导电性、促进离子扩散、提高倍率性能起着至关重要的作用。另外,由于F掺杂,形成了F—Mn键,这可以有效地抑制放电产物中Mn3+的Jahn-Teller畸变,从而提高结构的稳定性。得益于这些协同效应,组装的Zn||F-MnO2全电池在0.5 A·g-1下,首圈放电比容量高达274 mAh·g-1,且具有较长的循环寿命和优异的倍率性能。同时,通过循环伏安(CV)和恒流充放电(GCD)曲线证明了F-MnO2的储能机制为H+和Zn2+的共嵌入/脱出过程。
以介孔聚多巴胺(MPDA)的制备为出发点,通过搭载化疗药物阿霉素(DOX)和包覆相变材料1-十四醇(PCM),构建了pH/光热双重响应的MPDA-DOX@PCM纳米递送系统,实现了对耐药膀胱癌细胞(BIU-87/ADR)的光热治疗(PTT)和化疗。结果表明,MPDA-DOX@PCM尺寸约为179 nm,DOX的最大搭载率为22%,光热转换效率高达49.1%。在pH=7.4和温度为25℃的条件下,DOX的累积释放率为4.57%;当pH值降为5.5和温度升高到45℃时,DOX的累积释放率可提高到60.13%。在808 nm激光辐照下,MPDA-DOX@PCM孵育的BIU-87/ADR细胞存活率降低至9.5%,证明了其优异的PTT/化疗联合治疗性能。
利用K+、Cl-共掺杂来优化纳米Li2FeSiO4/C正极材料的结构及电化学性能,通过固相反应制备了纳米Li2-xKxFeSiO4-0.5xClx/C (x=0、0.01、0.02)正极材料。采用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱和恒电流充放电等对比研究了3种正极材料的微观结构特征和电化学性能。研究表明纳米Li1.99K0.01FeSiO3.995Cl0.01/C正极材料的晶面间距和晶胞体积最大,颗粒粒径最小,平均粒径为32 nm。这些特定的微观结构使其表现出最优的电化学性能。纳米Li1.99K0.01FeSiO3.995Cl0.01/C在0.1C下的首次放电比容量高达203 mAh·g-1,在1C下充放电循环100次的容量保持率为97.72%。
用简单的共沉淀法制备了Co掺杂的Ni (OH)2,通过Co/Ni的协同作用改善了材料的电化学性能。Co原子掺杂改善了材料形貌,暴露了更多的缺陷位,提高了材料的电化学活性。同时第一性原理计算表明,Co掺杂也改变了Ni的电子云分布,提高了材料的电荷传输和离子扩散性能。得益于适宜的Co掺杂量,Ni0.84Co0.16(OH)2在1 A·g-1的电流密度下质量比容量高达1 589.6 F·g-1,同时组装后的非对称超级电容器在功率密度为21.33 kW·kg-1时仍具有8.30 Wh·kg-1的能量密度,显示出了良好的储能性能和循环性能。
通过一步水热法制备了CeCO3OH-rGO (还原氧化石墨烯),并在氩气(Ar)气氛下焙烧制备得到CeO2-rGO复合材料。采用X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱以及紫外可见漫反射光谱(UV-Vis DRS)等研究了复合材料的物相组成、微观形貌、空位缺陷和光电化学特性等。对比研究了不同GO (氧化石墨烯)负载量和NH4HCO3添加量下所制备材料的光催化性能,发现GO负载量为10 mg、NH4HCO3添加量为15 mmol的样品(CeO2-10rGO-15)具有最窄的禁带宽度(3.17 eV),对亚甲蓝(MB)的光催化降解率达80.66%。适宜的rGO负载量有利于促进CeO2空位缺陷的形成,也有利于光生载流子的分离,进而促进光催化性能。
采用静电纺丝、水热和光沉积的方法制备了一种以Pt和NiS为助催化剂的BaTiO3/Pt/NiS双异质结光催化剂。优化后的BaTiO3/Pt/NiS样品的制氢速率最高为489 μmol·h-1·g-1,是纯物质BaTiO3的2.5倍。这主要归因于BaTiO3与Pt之间形成的肖特基结促进了光生电子的快速转移,以及BaTiO3与NiS之间构建的p-n结实现了对光生空穴的高效捕获。光电化学测试结果进一步证实了BaTiO3/Pt/NiS异质结光催化剂中的光生电子和空穴被高效分离,从而具有更高的分解水制氢性能。
采用液相还原法制备了磁性介孔碳(Fe3O4@C)负载纳米零价铁(nano zero-valent iron,nZVI)复合材料(Fe3O4@C-nZVI),并将其用于高盐水中Cr (Ⅲ)-EDTA (EDTA:乙二胺四乙酸)的去除。扫描电镜、透射电镜、X射线衍射等表征表明nZVI成功负载且分散良好,可磁性分离,在碳层保护下nZVI稳定性强,有利于材料的重复利用。nZVI的加入大大提高了Fe3O4@C-nZVI对Cr (Ⅲ)-EDTA的吸附能力,在pH=4.0、反应温度为25℃时,Fe3O4@C-nZVI对Cr (Ⅲ)-EDTA的最大吸附量为10.24 mg·g-1,显著高于Fe3O4@C (4.31 mg·g-1)。吸附Cr (Ⅲ)-EDTA的过程更符合Langmuir模型和准二级动力学模型。Fe3O4@C-nZVI对Cr (Ⅲ)-EDTA的吸附能力随着溶液pH值的增加先增加后减小;低浓度络合剂(EDTA、柠檬酸)会促进Cr (Ⅲ)-EDTA的吸附,而络合剂浓度增加时则表现为抑制;高浓度阳离子(Na+、K+、Ca2+)会促进Cr (Ⅲ)-EDTA的吸附。Fe3O4@C-nZVI在盐和络合剂环境中对Cr (Ⅲ)-EDTA仍表现出显著的吸附效果。经过3次再生循环后,Fe3O4@C-nZVI对Cr (Ⅲ)-EDTA的吸附量达6.90 mg·g-1。X射线光电子能谱分析表明,Fe3O4@C-nZVI通过表面FeⅢ与Cr (Ⅲ)-EDTA之间的配位作用形成FeⅢ-EDTA-Cr (Ⅲ)配合物从而将Cr (Ⅲ)-EDTA去除,随后通过离子置换作用将Cr (Ⅲ)置换出来,置换出的Cr (Ⅲ)会与表面氧化铁共沉淀为CrxFe1-x(OH)3,进而沉积在nZVI表面被去除。
采用气-液界面自组装方式制备得到有序单层聚苯乙烯(PS)微球阵列,以此为模板,采用磁控溅射沉积方法结合热处理技术获得单层六方非密排Au纳米颗粒阵列。随后采用水热法成功制得高度有序ZIF-8/Au纳米复合结构有序阵列。探究了生长机理以及反应温度、反应时间对微观形貌和光学特性的影响,进一步探究了该复合结构阵列作为表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)活性基底的灵敏度和均一性。结果表明:当水热反应温度从25℃升高至100℃时,ZIF-8纳米颗粒的数量逐步增多,同时尺寸随之增大,表面等离激元共振(SPR)峰和衍射峰均发生了红移。当水热反应时间从10 min增至60 min时,ZIF-8纳米颗粒从围绕Au纳米颗粒选择性生长到蔓延至整个材料表面。在样品表面沉积特定厚度的Ag膜后,测得4-氨基苯硫酚(4-ATP)和罗丹明6G (R6G)两种探针分子的检测极限均为10-11 mol·L-1,4-ATP和R6G的SERS强度与分子溶液浓度呈线性关系,相关系数R2分别为0.980 1和0.984 4。随机选取10个不同位置测试4-ATP的SERS谱图,得到相对标准偏差(RSD)为8.86%,表明ZIF-8/Au纳米复合结构有序阵列作为SERS基底具有良好的均匀性和稳定性。
选用刚性3,3',5,5'-四咪唑基联苯(L)作为主配体,分别辅以4,4'-联苯二羧酸(4,4'-H2BPDC)和4,4'-氧二苯甲酸(H2OBA)为第二配体,在水热条件下,成功制备了2种基于Zn (Ⅱ)的金属有机骨架,即[Zn2(L)(BPDC)2]·H2O (1)和[Zn2(L)(OBA)2]·6H2O (2)。单晶X射线衍射表征结构显示:1和2均为(4,4)-连接的二节点的双重贯穿的新型3D孔道结构,其中2具有一定的孔隙率。活化的2(2')的吸附性质表明其对H2O和EtOH具有选择性吸附。
为改善纳米羟基磷灰石(HAP)作为重金属离子吸附剂的吸附性能,模拟了人体中聚合物诱导的类液体前驱体矿化过程,利用聚丙烯酸(PAA)作调控剂通过水热法制备出了稳定悬浮的纳米HAP体系,探究了PAA的COOH与Ca的物质的量之比(R)、反应pH、水热温度对制备的纳米HAP的影响。在优化出的合成条件(R=1、pH=9.00、180℃)下制备的纳米HAP是由细小颗粒组成的梭形结构,能够在保持几十纳米粒径尺寸的同时稳定悬浮。继而探究了吸附时间、初始金属离子浓度、吸附环境的pH、悬浮性对纳米HAP的Co2+吸附性能的影响。吸附结果表明吸附动力学符合准二级动力学模型,吸附过程包括表面吸附与粒子内扩散。Freundlich、Langmuir模型线性方程拟合结果与实验结果均具有较高契合度,对应的Langmuir模型线性拟合最大吸附量为229.358 mg·g-1。对Co2+去除率随吸附环境pH (6.48~9.00)的升高而增大,主要吸附机制为表面配位反应。制备的纳米HAP悬浮液吸附量明显优于非悬浮的对照纳米HAP。
采用滴涂结合电化学沉积两步法制备了一种具有优良电活性的三维花状钴镍双金属氢氧化物/石墨烯(CoNi-LDH/G)杂化膜,用于电控离子交换过程(electrically switched ion exchange,ESIX)吸附水溶液中低浓度的磷酸根(PO43-)离子。结合X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)等对CoNi-LDH/G杂化膜进行形貌、组成及结构表征。采用电化学方法考察了该杂化膜在不同吸附电压、不同初始浓度、共存离子及不同pH值条件下对PO43-吸附性能的影响。实验结果表明:通过调节氧化还原电位,即使在低浓度下,杂化膜对PO43-也具有良好的吸附性能,且可以在较宽的pH值(4~10)范围内使用,同时受共存离子及其浓度变化影响甚小。此外,G对PO43-的吸附容量为1.10 mg·g-1,CoNi-LDH对PO43-的吸附容量为11.74 mg·g-1,二者吸附容量之和小于CoNi-LDH/G对PO43-的吸附容量(16.25 mg·g-1)。同时,结合O1s的XPS数据分析发现,CoNi-LDH/G杂化膜对PO43-的吸附过程除了层间阴离子交换、PO43-与层板金属离子配位的配体交换外,还存在G与CoNi-LDH之间的协同效应。
Crystalline@amorphous NiCo2S4@MoS2 (v-NCS@MS) nanostructures were designed and constructed via an ethylene glycol-induced strategy with hydrothermal synthesis and solvothermal method, which simultaneously realized the defect regulation of crystal NiCo2S4 in the core. Taking advantage of the flexible protection of an amor-phous shell and the high capacity of a conductive core with defects, the v-NCS@MS electrode exhibited high specific capacity (1 034 mAh·g-1 at 1 A·g-1) and outstanding rate capability. Moreover, a hybrid supercapacitor was assembled with v-NCS@MS as cathode and activated carbon (AC) as anode, which can achieve remarkably high specific energy of 111 Wh·kg-1 at a specific power of 219 W·kg-1 and outstanding capacity retention of 80.5% after 15 000 cycling at different current densities.
Three zinc(Ⅱ) and cobalt(Ⅱ) coordination polymers, namely {[Zn2(μ6-adip)(phen)2]·4H2O}n (1), {[Co2(μ6-adip)(bipy)2]·4H2O}n (2), and [Co2(μ4-adip)(μ-bpa)2]n (3) have been constructed hydrothermally using H4adip (H4adip= 5, 5'-azanediyldiisophthalic acid), phen (phen=1, 10-phenanthroline), bipy (bipy=2, 2'-bipyridine), bpa (bpa=bis(4-pyridyl)amine), and zinc and cobalt chlorides at 160 ℃. The products were isolated as stable crystalline solids and were characterized by IR spectra, elemental analyses, thermogravimetric analyses, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that three compounds crystallize in the orthorhombic system Pnna (1 and 2) or P21212 (3) space groups. All compounds exhibit 3D frameworks. The catalytic perfor-mances in the Henry reaction of these compounds were investigated. Compound 3 exhibited an effective catalytic activity in the Henry reaction at 70 ℃.
Three zinc(Ⅱ), cobalt(Ⅱ), and nickel(Ⅱ) coordination polymers, namely [Zn(μ3-cpna)(μ-dpea)0.5]n (1), [Co(μ3-cpna)(μ-dpey)0.5]n (2), and [Ni(μ3-cpna)(μ-dpey)0.5(H2O)]n (3), have been constructed hydrothermally using H2cpna (5-(4-carboxyphenoxy)nicotinic acid), dpea (1, 2-di(4-pyridyl)ethane), dpey (1, 2-di(4-pyridyl)ethylene), and zinc, cobalt, and nickel chlorides at 160 ℃. The products were isolated as stable crystalline solids and were characterized by IR spectra, elemental analyses, thermogravimetric analyses, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that three compounds crystallize in the triclinic system, space group P1. Compounds 1-3 show 2D layer structures. The catalytic activities in the Knoevenagel condensation reaction of these compounds were investigated. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibit effective catalytic activities in the Knoevenagel condensation reaction at room temperature. For this reaction, various parameters were optimized, followed by the investigation of the substrate scope.
MoS2/CuS composite catalysts were successfully synthesized using a one-step hydrothermal method with sodium molybdate dihydrate, thiourea, oxalic acid, and copper nitrate trihydrate as raw materials. The hydrogen production performance of MoS2/CuS prepared with different molar ratios of Mo to Cu precursors (nMo∶nCu) as cathodic catalysts was investigated in the two-chamber microbial electrolytic cell (MEC). X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), linear scanning voltammetry (LSV), electrochemical impedance analysis (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV) were used to characterize the synthesized catalysts for testing and analyzing the hydrogen-producing performance. The results showed that the hydrogen evolution performance of MoS2/CuS-20% (nMo∶nCu=5∶1) was better than that of platinum (Pt) mesh, and the hydrogen production rate of MoS2/CuS-20% as a cathode in MEC was (0.203 1±0.023 7) mH23·m-3·d-1 for 72 h at an applied voltage of 0.8 V, which was slightly higher than that of Pt mesh of (0.188 6±0.013 4) mH23·m-3·d-1. The addition of a certain amount of CuS not only regulates the electron transfer ability of MoS2 but also increases the density of active sites.
In this study, parallelogram-like macrocyclic supramolecular metallacycles [Pd6(bpy)6(L1)4](PF6)8 (1a) and [Pd6(bpy)6(L2)4](PF6)8 (2a), where HL1=1-(1H-pyrazole-4-yl)-4-(4-pyridyl)benzene, HL2=9-(1H-pyrazole-4-yl)-10-(4-pyridyl)anthracene, and bpy=2, 2'-bipyridine, are synthesized by reacting aryl pyrazole pyridine ligands with dipalla-dium corners in aqueous solutions via metal-directed hierarchical self-assembly. The structures of the supramolecular Pd parallelograms are confirmed through single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Notably, the two parallelogram metallacycles can be used as"turn-on"fluorescence sensors to detect HSO3- through a disassembly mechanism. In addition, the 1a-based sensor shows selective detection of HSO3- without interference from other anions. The detection limit was as low as 0.131 μmol·L-1. Furthermore, complex 1a presented the semiquantitative visual detection ability for HSO3- in the test trip mode via fluorescence changes.
Two new viologen-polyoxometalate hybrid crystalline materials: (MV)2[HPW2ⅤW10ⅥO40] ·2H2O (1) and (EV)2[Mo8O26] (2) have been synthesized by using the cations of 1, 1'-dimethyl-4, 4'-bipyridinium dichloride (methyl viologen, MV) and 1, 1'-diethyl-4, 4'-bipyridinium dibromide (ethyl viologen, EV) as the electron acceptors, and the electron-rich polyoxometalate anions as the electron donors. The structures of compounds 1 and 2 have been determined by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. Hydrogen bond interactions exist between the cations and the anions in 1 and 2. Interestingly, 2 has a photochromic performance with a light response time within 1 min. The photochromic mechanism of compound 2 has been investigated by solid-state diffuse reflection, electron paramagnetic resonance and theoretical calculation. 1 and 2 show good catalytic performance in the photocatalytic degradation of several organic dyes (methylene blue, pararosaniline hydrochloride and rhodamine 6G).
Two metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) containing rigid bis(triazole) ligand, namely {[Zn2(L)(TP)2(H2O)·H2O]}n (1) and [Zn(L)(HTMA)]n (2), where L=4, 4'-(3, 3'-dimethyl-(1, 1'-biphenyl)-4, 4'-diyl)bis(4H-1, 2, 4-triazole), H2TP=terephthalic acid, H3TMA=1, 3, 5-benzenetricarboxylic acid, were synthesized by using acid-base mixed ligands strategy and structurally characterized by X-ray single-crystal diffraction. Structural analysis reveals that MOF 1 displays a 3, 6-connected 2D structure with a new topological point symbol of (42·6)2(48·66·8), while MOF 2 presents a 2D sql topology structure. The catalytic studies reveal that 2 exhibits excellent catalytic activity for the cycloaddition reaction of CO2 with epoxides under mild conditions. Furthermore, 2 can be reused at least three times while maintaining its catalytic ability.
Two alkali-metal sulfamates nonlinear optical (NLO) crystals, Li(NH2SO3) and Na(NH2SO3), have been obtained through the facile evaporation method. Li(NH2SO3) crystallizes in the polar space group Pca21 (No.29). The structure of Li(NH2SO3) can be described as a 3D network formed by [LiO4]7- polyhedral connecting with NH2SO3- tetrahedra through corner-sharing. Na(NH2SO3) crystallizes in the polar space group P212121 (No.19). The structure of Na(NH2SO3) can be described as a 3D network formed by distorted [NaO6]11- octahedral connecting with NH2SO3- tetrahedra through corner-sharing. The UV-Vis-near-infrared spectra demonstrate that Li(NH2SO3) and Na(NH2SO3) possessed large optical band gaps of 5.25 and 4.81 eV, respectively. Powder second-harmonic generation (SHG) measurements demonstrate that the SHG intensity of Li(NH2SO3) and Na(NH2SO3) were 0.32 times and 0.31 times that of KH2PO4, respectively. First-principles calculations confirm the nonlinear optical performance mainly derived from the synergistic effect of amino sulfonate anions and alkali metal oxide anionic polyhedra.
5-(dimethylamino) isophthalic acid (H2dia) and 1H-imidazole (mdz) were used as ligands to react with Zn(Ⅱ) or Cu(Ⅱ) metal salts to generate three new transition metal complexes [Zn(dia)(mdz)2]·2H2O (1), [Cu(dia)(mdz)2 (DMF)] (2) and [Cu(dia)(mdz)2]·H2O (3). Their structures were characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, IR, thermogravimetric analyses, and Hirshfeld surface analyses. The results revealed that complexes 1 and 2 possess 1D linear chains, each four-coordinated Zn(Ⅱ) of 1 is located in the geometric center of the distorted tetrahedron, but the Cu(Ⅱ) metal center of 2 is five-coordinated and holds a triangular bipyramidal geometry. The zigzag 1D chain of complex 3 was obtained by changing the solvent in the synthesis, and the four-coordinated Cu(Ⅱ) ion is in the centre of the square planar. Results indicate that the geometries of metal centers and synthetic solvents have important effects on the structures of complexes. Abundant intermolecular hydrogen bonding plays an important role in the stability of their 3D supramolecular structures. Thermogravimetric analyses revealed that the complexes have good thermal stabilities. Solid fluorescence analyses showed that complex 1 had excellent fluorescence, but the fluorescence intensities of complexes 2 and 3 were much lower than those of ligands.
Three new copper(Ⅱ) complexes 1-3 of Schiff base ligands HL1 (2-hydroxybenzaldehyde2-(2-oxo-1, 2-diphenylethylidene)hydrazone), HL2 (4-hydroxybenzaldehyde2-(2-oxo-1, 2-diphenylethylidene)hydrazone) and L3 (2-methoxybenzaldehyde2-(2-oxo-1, 2-diphenylethylidene)hydrazone) were synthesized from methanolic medium. The complexes were characterized by elemental analyses, spectroscopic methods, magnetic susceptibility measurements, and density functional theory (DFT) studies. The synthesized ligands were characterized structurally by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. The optimized structure of the complexes was ascertained by DFT studies. The DNA binding ability of the complexes with calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) was studied by UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence emission spectral studies. Absorption spectral studies revealed a hyperchromic effect and suggested the possible mode of interaction with CT-DNA. The competitive binding studies using ethidium bromide (EB) show that the complexes can replace DNA from DNA-EB adduct and suggests that the complexes probably bind to CT-DNA in intercalative mode. In vitro antibacterial activity of the complexes against Gram-negative bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae), Escherichia coli(E. coli), and Shigella boydii (S. boydii), and gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) exhibited an appreciable antibacterial activity of complex 2 against K. pneumoniae and S. boydii, but complexes 1 and 3 did not show any significant antibacterial activity.
通过在N-甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)有机溶剂中锌电极与CuI之间的置换反应,在锌电极上原位构建了一层致密且疏水的铜金属保护层(Cu@Zn)。铜金属保护层能有效地隔离锌电极与电解液的接触,减少锌电极-电解液界面的析氢和腐蚀等副反应。同时,铜金属保护层还具有较好的亲锌性,更小的界面电阻,更低的成核能垒,有利于锌离子均匀沉积,从而有效抑制了锌枝晶的生成。Cu@Zn对称电池实现了超过1 700 h(1 mA·cm-2)和1 330 h(3 mA·cm-2)的循环寿命。采用商用MnO2与之匹配得到的Cu@Zn||MnO2全电池不仅在1 A·g-1下具有168.5 mAh·g-1的可逆比容量,还可稳定循环2 000次以上
通过一锅还原法成功制备了合金纳米团簇Au11-xCux(dppf)4Cl2(x=1、2;dppf=1,1'-双(二苯基膦)二茂铁)。晶体结构解析表明,合金团簇具有与Au11(dppf)4Cl2类似的几何结构,如含有缺陷二十面体金属内核,不同之处在于Cu原子取代了与Cl配位的Au原子。因此,Au11-xCux(dppf)4Cl2可视为Cu对Au11(dppf)4Cl2模板团簇的掺杂。Cu原子的引入并未改变模板团簇Au11(dppf)4Cl2的框架结构,但有效调控了电子结构,进而使其光吸收发生红移。
以乙二醇为溶剂,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮为表面活性剂,通过一步溶剂热法合成了分级中空结构的BiOBr-Pt催化剂。合成的分级中空结构BiOBr-2h催化剂的比表面积为28 m2·g-1,是对比样品BiOBr-1h的2倍,这种结构为催化反应提供更多的反应活性位点。此外,在催化剂中引入Pt增强了BiOBr的载流子传导速率,而且Pt可以作为电子陷阱捕获周围大量电子,有效抑制光生载流子的复合,从而提高CO2还原的催化活性。光催化CO2还原实验结果表明,BiOBr-Pt的主要产物为CO,产物选择性为99%,其CO产率达到了20.8 μmol·h-1·g-1,为原始BiOBr的2.1倍。这一结果说明,这种Pt负载且具有分级中空结构的催化剂可以有效地将CO2转化为增值化学品。
通过碱处理结合铬改性策略实现了对高硅ZSM-5沸石孔道和酸性的协同调控,制备出了一种具有适宜酸性的高硅多级孔沸石催化剂。在碱处理的过程中,通过精细调节合成凝胶组成,在沸石晶体中引入的丰富共生界面,诱导了介孔的形成,从而打破了沸石硅铝比对常规碱处理法的限制。在铬改性的过程中,独特的多级孔结构促进了铬在催化剂中的分散,从而实现了对酸性的深度改性。在甲醇制丙烯催化反应中,制备的催化剂表现出了极佳的催化稳定性以及很高的丙烯和总低碳烯烃选择性。
通过在CsPbBr3薄膜上旋涂一次I2的异丙醇溶液以修饰CsPbBr3吸光层,钝化CsPbBr3层表面缺陷,改善CsPbBr3薄膜形貌。同时通过利用环境友好的绿色溶剂水溶解CsBr,显著提高了其溶解度,减少了旋涂次数,简化了电池制备流程。实验结果表明,在CsPbBr3钙钛矿太阳能电池(perovskite solar cells,PSCs)中,使用5 mg·mL-1 I2的异丙醇溶液界面修饰的器件具有最佳光伏性能,其最高开路电压(open-circuit voltage,VOC)为1.55 V,短路电流密度(short circuit current density,JSC)为7.45 mA·cm-2,填充因子(fill factor,FF)为85.54%,光电转换效率(photoelectric conversion efficiency,PCE)达到了9.88%。
合成了2个丁二酮肟有机锡化合物:双(三(2-甲基-2-苯基丙基)锡)丁二酮肟配合物(C6H5C(CH3)2CH2)3Sn(ON=C(CH3)C(CH3)=NO)Sn(CH2C(CH3)2C6H5)3 (1)和二苄基锡氧氯丁二酮肟多核配合物[μ3-O-((C6H5CH2)2Sn)2(ON=C(CH3)C(CH3)=NOH)(O)Cl]2(2)。通过元素分析、红外光谱、核磁共振(1H、13C、119Sn)、差热分析和单晶X射线衍射对配合物进行了结构表征,对其结构进行量子化学从头计算,并进行了体外抗癌活性研究。结果显示:配合物1为通过配体丁二酮肟桥联的双锡核中心对称分子,锡原子均为四配位的畸变四面体构型;配合物2为通过氧原子和丁二酮肟配体桥联的四锡核中心对称多环聚合结构,锡原子分别为五配位的畸变三角双锥构型和六配位的畸变八面体构型。配合物对人肝癌细胞(HUH7)、人肺癌细胞(A549)、人表皮癌细胞(A431)、人结肠癌细胞(HCT-116)和人乳腺癌细胞(MDA-MB-231)均有较强的抑制活性。
结合Cu(Ⅱ)离子浸渍吸附方法及直流电弧等离子体喷射化学气相沉积技术制备了一种电化学/电生理双模Cu2O/Cu-垂直石墨烯微电极,并研究了电化学方法检测尿酸以及记录脑电信号的双响应性能。使用扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪表征了形貌、微结构及晶体成分,并测试了电化学及脑电记录能力。结果表明,该微电极直径仅为200 μm,大量镶嵌Cu2O/Cu纳米粒子的石墨烯纳米片垂直生长在基片上,排列成了一种三维的多孔结构,使其具有了高的电化学催化活性、短程离子扩散路径、以及长程导电网络。由此,以10 μL的饱和NaCl溶液为介质记录脑电信号时,该微电极的皮肤接触电阻低至约7.05 kΩ,生理电采集性能接近涂导电膏的商用湿电极。此外,该微电极还灵敏响应尿酸的氧化电流,检测浓度范围在0.5~500μmol·L-1,检测限低至0.024 μmol·L-1,且具有良好的抗干扰能力及长期稳定性。
在镍钴铝酸锂正极材料Li[Ni0.8Co0.15Al0.05]O2(NCA)制备过程中表面遗留的碱性物质会严重影响其循环稳定性能,针对这一难题,提出使用Y(PO3)3对其进行表面包覆改性,利用Y(PO3)3与表面残留的LiOH反应消除表面残碱,并探讨包覆改性对NCA整体性能的影响机制。测试分析结果表明,在低温煅烧过程中前驱体表面会形成均匀致密的Y(PO3)3和LiPO3包覆层,LiPO3有较高的离子电导率,双包覆层能够防止活性物质在电化学循环过程中与电解液相互接触时发生有害副反应,提高电极材料的循环稳定性。其中Y(PO3)3包覆量(质量分数)为1%的样品在0.1C下的首次库仑效率从未改性样品的78.65%提高到88.50%,在1C下循环150圈后容量保持率从59.38%提高到85.33%,相比于未改性样品具有更高的首次库仑效率和更优异的循环性能。
以氧化石墨烯(GO)、乙酸锌(Zn(CH3COO)2)和硫脲为原料,采用水热法成功制备了还原氧化石墨烯/ZnS(rGO/ZnS)复合材料,并将该材料用作锂离子电池负极。高导电性的rGO可以为锂离子和电子的传输提供有效的路径,ZnS可以提供较高的理论比容量。rGO/ZnS复合材料在rGO与纳米级高度分散的类球形ZnS颗粒协同作用下展现了较好的嵌锂容量和循环性能。当GO质量浓度为2 mg·mL-1时制备的rGO/ZnS复合材料的倍率性能最好,循环稳定性最佳。
为设计高稳定性且高灵敏度的纯金属有机骨架(MOF)电化学传感器以检测多巴胺(DA),我们选用铟基MOF [In(2-NH3-BDC)(2-NH2-BDC)]·1.5H2O(RSMOF-1,RSMOF=resistance switchable metal-organic framework,2-NH2-H2BDC=2-氨基对苯二甲酸)修饰玻碳电极(RSMOF-1/GCE)。制备的电极RSMOF-1/GCE的DPV测试结果显示其线性范围为0.990~663 μmol·L-1、检出限为0.770 μmol·L-1。在多种干扰物质如尿酸、尿素、葡萄糖和对乙酰氨基酚存在的条件下,RSMOF-1/GCE对DA仍具有高的选择性。理论模拟结果显示,在RSMOF-1孔道内壁的—NH2可通过氢键增强与DA分子的相互作用,使RSMOF-1/GCE具有灵敏的电化学传感DA的性能。
使用多齿希夫碱配体H4L(H4L=N',N″-((1E,1'E)-(1,10-菲咯啉-2,9-二酰基)双(亚甲基)双(2-羟基苯甲酰肼))与Tb(acac)3·2H2O反应(acac-=乙酰丙酮根),通过溶剂热法,设计并合成了一例结构新颖的双核铽配合物[Tb2(L)(H2L)]·2CH3OH·CH3CN (1),并研究了该配合物的结构、荧光性质及生物活性。单晶X射线衍射分析表明该配合物主要含有2个TbⅢ离子和2个失去不同质子的配体离子(L4-和H2L2-)。中心Tb1和Tb2离子都是九配位的,其几何构型呈现扭曲的呼啦圈形。固体荧光实验测试结果表明:该配合物在室温下表现出TbⅢ离子的荧光特征发射峰。生物活性研究表明,与配体H4L和稀土离子相比较,配合物具有更强的抗菌活性。采用紫外可见光谱法、循环伏安法、凝胶电泳法和荧光光谱法研究了该配合物与小牛胸腺DNA之间的相互作用,结果表明配合物主要以插入作用的方式与小牛胸腺DNA结合。
将三聚氰胺、RuCl3及炭黑以一定的比例分散于乙醇中,采用旋转蒸干及高温热处理合成了一种氮掺杂碳(NC)负载Ru的Ru/NC催化剂。采用硼氢化钠液相化学还原法合成了不同Pt、Ru负载量的PtRu/NC催化剂,并用于电催化甲醇氧化反应(MOR)及电催化分解水析氢反应(HER)。结果表明,合成的催化剂中Pt1Ru/NC(Pt、Ru的实际负载量分别为1.14%、0.54%)表现出最优的MOR性能,质量活性达4.96 A·mgPtRu-1,且经10 000 s稳定性测试后质量活性保持在测试前的91.1%。同时,当电流密度为100mA·cm-2时,Pt1Ru/NC在HER中表现出最低的过电位(103 mV)和最小的Tafel斜率(15.29 mV·dec-1)。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、扫描透射电子显微镜(STEM)、电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)、STEM-能谱(STEM-EDS)技术表征了PtRu/NC双金属催化剂,其具有优异催化性能的原因如下:(1) PtRu双金属纳米颗粒高度分散于NC上;(2) Pt以纳米团簇或单原子形式负载于Ru上,后负载于NC,形成了Pt-Ru相分离结构;(3) Pt、Ru与N之间存在协同效应。