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Citation: ZHU Yi-Zhong, CAI Chun. Cyanation of Aryl Halides[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry, ;2007, 24(8): 888-892. shu

Cyanation of Aryl Halides

ZHU Yi-Zhong ,
CAI Chun ^,

1.
Chemical Engineering College, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing 210094

Corresponding author: CAI Chun,
Received Date: 30 August 2006
Available Online: 8 January 2007

A cyanation process of aryl halides with K₄[Fe(CN)₆]3H₂O as the cyanation reagent in the presence of Pd(OAc)₂ and Na₂CO₃ was studied.Factors affecting the reaction such as the ratio of reactants,time,temperature,amount of catalyst on the cyanation was investigated.Optimal reaction conditions were determined to be:130℃,n(K₄[Fe(CN)₆]·3H₂O):n(ArBr):n(Pd(OAc)₂)=200:1 000:1,and 1.5 h.The conversion of the bromobenzene could reach 99% and cyanobenzene could be obtained with a yield of 95%.Compared with the traditional cyanating agents,potassium hexacyanoferrate (Ⅱ) is non-toxic,affordble and readily available without the need of complicated pre-processing.The protocol is proceeded in the presence of small amounts of palladium catalyst and is easy to operate.It is not necessary to add any expensive ligand,and is less environment polluting and apparently is economically beneficial.Cyanation of other aryl halides was also performed.Both active aryl bromides and aryl iodides gave the corresponding benzonitriles with 91%~96% yields.
- cyanation,
- K₄[Fe(CN)₆]3H₂O,
- aryl cyanides
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