Citation: Zheng Dandan, Ni Yadan, Qian Cheng, Zhang Min, Zhang Zichan, Dai Hong, Zhou Beibei, Zhang Lifang. Synthesis and Biological Activities of Novel N-Pyridylpyrazole Amide Compounds Carrying Isoxazole Unit[J]. Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry, 2020, 40(12): 4249-4257. doi: 10.6023/cjoc202008014
含异噁唑环的新型N-吡啶基吡唑酰胺化合物的合成及生物活性研究
English
Synthesis and Biological Activities of Novel N-Pyridylpyrazole Amide Compounds Carrying Isoxazole Unit
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Key words:
- isoxazole
- / N-pyridylpyrazole
- / synthesis
- / biological activity
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目前, 含氮杂环因其广谱的生物活性而成为新药研究的热点课题之一[1-7]. N-吡啶基吡唑作为一类重要含氮杂环单元, 在农业生产等领域具有广阔的应用前景[8-11], 如氯虫苯甲酰胺(Chlorantraniliprole)与溴氰虫酰胺(Cyantraniliprole, 图 1)对粘虫、蚜虫及斜纹夜蛾等害虫有广谱杀虫作用, 同时与其它传统杀虫剂无交互抗性, 该类型杀虫剂因其具有高效、低毒等优点而倍受科研工作者的关注[12].近年来, 已有不少具备广谱生物活性的N-吡啶基吡唑衍生物被研制出来, 如Kang课题组[13]报道的化合物A(图 1)在100 μg/mL测试浓度下对小菜蛾的杀死率为100%; Zhang等[14]合成的化合物B(图 1)在200 μg/mL测试浓度下对粘虫的杀灭活性为100%.异噁唑是一种含有相邻氮、氧原子的五元氮杂环.异噁唑类衍生物由于其优异的杀虫、杀菌及抗肿瘤等活性, 在植物保护、医疗保健等领域具有广泛的应用[15-22].如Zhong等[23]合成的化合物C(图 1)在测试浓度为500 μg/mL时对粘虫的杀虫效果达100%, 对蚜虫的致死率为80%; Yang等[24]报道的化合物D(图 1)在测试浓度为100 μg/mL时对小菜蛾的致死率为100%, 在测试浓度为12.5 μg/mL时对小菜蛾的致死率仍达70%.因此, 为了继续从N-吡啶基吡唑衍生物中探索出新的活性物质, 本研究以杀虫剂氯虫苯甲酰胺为参照, 利用活性单元杂合策略, 对吡唑环5-位酰胺键部分进行修饰, 将取代苯环用异噁唑基团替换, 同时将吡唑环3-位的溴原子用异噁唑甲氧基片段替换, 设计合成出了一系列含取代异噁唑环的新型N-吡啶基吡唑酰胺化合物(Scheme 1).筛选其对粘虫、蚜虫和螨虫的杀虫活性.
图 1
图式 1
1. 结果与讨论
1.1 化合物的合成
关键中间体8、10以及目标化合物11的合成路径如Scheme 2所示.中间体3是以5-取代苯基异噁唑-3-甲酸甲酯(1)为起始原料, 通过硼氢化钠还原, 顺利得到5-取代苯基异噁唑-3-甲醇(2).中间体2与氯化亚砜在N, N-二甲基甲酰胺催化下发生氯代反应制得5-取代苯基异噁唑-3-甲基氯(3).关键中间体8是以3-氯-2-吡啶肼起始原料, 与马来酸二乙酯在乙醇钠作碱条件下缩合、环化形成中间体4, 接着在酸性条件下经过硫酸钾脱氢得到化合物5.中间体5与中间体3在碳酸钾作碱条件下缩合形成化合物6, 然后在氢氧化钠的甲醇水溶液中发生水解反应, 再经稀盐酸酸化制得化合物7.中间体7与草酰氯在N, N-二甲基甲酰胺催化下发生亲核取代反应形成吡唑酰氯8.中间体3与邻苯二甲酰亚胺钾盐发生缩合制得化合物9, 再与水合肼反应形成化合物10, 中间体10与关键中间体8反应而形成目标化合物11.在合成目标化合物11时, 选以11f为例, 探寻了不同反应条件对11f收率的影响(表 1).通过表 1可知, 选以三乙胺作缚酸剂, 二氯甲烷作反应溶剂, 室温搅拌的条件下, 11f的收率相对较好, 为65%.最终选用该方法顺利地合成得到其它的含取代异噁唑环的N-吡啶基吡唑酰胺.
图式 2
表 1
Entry Base Solvent Reaction condition Yield/% 1 Pyridine CH2Cl2 r.t. for 8 h 61 2 Pyridine CHCl3 r.t. for 8 h 51 3 Pyridine CH3CN r.t. for 8 h 35 4 Et3N CH2Cl2 r.t. for 8 h 65 5 Et3N CHCl3 r.t. for 8 h 57 6 Et3N CH3CN r.t. for 8 h 37 7 NaHCO3 CH2Cl2 r.t. for 8 h 19 8 NaHCO3 CHCl3 r.t. for 8 h 15 9 NaHCO3 CH3CN r.t. for 8 h 10 10 Pyridine CH2Cl2 Reflux for 8 h 54 11 Et3N CH2Cl2 Reflux for 8 h 62 1.2 目标化合物的谱图分析
以目标化合物11d为例进行解析.从11d的1H NMR数据可知, 取代吡啶环的2个氢在δ 8.47和7.89以双峰出现, 取代吡啶环另外1个氢在δ 7.37~7.40以多重峰出现, 4-氯取代苯环的4个氢在δ 7.69和7.42以双峰出现, 4-甲基取代苯环的4个氢在δ 7.61和7.25以双峰出现, 在δ 7.11的单峰为酰胺氢, 在δ 6.67的单峰为4-氯苯基相连的异噁唑环的4-氢, 在δ 6.42的单峰为4-甲基苯基相连的异噁唑环的4-氢, 在δ 6.33的单峰为吡啶环相连的吡唑环4-氢, 氧相连亚甲基的氢在δ 5.42以单峰出现, 氮相连亚甲基的氢在δ 4.59以双峰出现, 苯环4-甲基的氢在δ 2.39以单峰出现.从11d的13C NMR数据可看出, 氧原子相连的亚甲基碳原子出现在δ 62.49, 氮原子相连的亚甲基碳原子出现在δ 35.47, 苯环相连的4-位甲基碳原子出现在δ 21.50.
1.3 生物活性
通过浸叶法[25]评价目标化合物的杀粘虫活性, 利用喷雾法[26]测定目标化合物杀朱砂叶螨与杀蚜虫活性, 其活性数据见表 2.在500 μg/mL测试浓度下, 目标化合物11a~11n对粘虫均呈现出优异的杀虫效果, 其对粘虫的致死率都为100%, 与对照药氯虫苯甲酰胺的药效相当; 降低测试浓度至100 μg/mL时, 部分目标化合物对粘虫表现出良好的杀虫作用, 目标化合物11c, 11d, 11i, 11j和11n对粘虫的致死率分别为100%, 100%, 80%, 90%和50%, 其中11c, 11d和11j与氯虫苯甲酰胺的杀虫活性相接近; 当测试浓度降为20 μg/mL时, 部分化合物对粘虫仍有一定的杀虫作用.经构效关系分析发现, 其中当R1=4-Cl时, 11c (R2=4-OMe)和11d (R2=4-Me)对粘虫有50%和40%的致死率, 要好于11a (R2=H)、11b (R2=4-F)和11e (R2=2, 4-Cl2)的防效; 当R1=4-F时, 11i (R2=4-OMe)和11j (R2=4-Me)对粘虫的杀死率分别为20%和30%, 要高于其余化合物的防效.在500 μg/mL测试浓度下, 部分目标化合物对蚜虫呈现出较高的杀虫活性, 目标化合物11a, 11c, 11d, 11j和11m对蚜虫的致死率分别为100%, 100%, 90%, 90%和100%, 与吡虫啉的防效相近; 当测试浓度降低到100 μg/mL时, 某些化合物对蚜虫还显示出杀虫效果, 从构效关系分析也能发现, 当R1=4-Cl时, 11a (R2=H), 11c (R2=4-OMe)和11d (R2=4-Me)对蚜虫的致死率分别为30%, 60%和40%, 要优于11b (R2=4-F)和11e (R2=2, 4-Cl2)的杀虫效果, 当R1=4-F时, 11j (R2=4-Me)对蚜虫的杀死率为50%, 好于化合物11f (R2=H)、11g (R2=4-F)、11h (R2=4-Cl)、11i (R2=4-OMe)和11k (R2=2, 4-Cl2)的防效, 当R1=4-Br时, 11m (R2=4-OMe)对蚜虫的杀死率为30%, 高于11l (R2=4-Cl)和11n (R2=4-Me)的杀虫效果.另外, 11c (R1=4-Cl, R2=4-OMe)和11d (R1=4-Cl, R2=4-Me)在500 μg/mL浓度下对朱砂叶螨呈现出80%和70%的杀灭活性, 明显优于其它目标化合物.从总体构效关系亦可看出, 目标化合物11c (R1=4-Cl, R2=4-OMe)和11d (R1=4-Cl, R2=4-Me)对所测试的粘虫、蚜虫和朱砂叶螨都显示出了较好的杀虫活性, 值得进一步的深入研究.
表 2
Compd. Oriental armyworm Aphis medicaginis Tetranychus cinnabarinus 500 μg/mL 100 μg/mL 20 μg/mL 4 μg/mL 500 μg/mL 100 μg/mL 20 μg/mL 500 μg/mL 100μg/mL 11a 100 0 — — 100 30 0 0 — 11b 100 0 — — 0 — — 0 — 11c 100 100 50 0 100 60 0 80 0 11d 100 100 40 0 90 40 0 70 0 11e 100 0 — — 0 — — 0 — 11f 100 0 — — 0 — — 0 — 11g 100 0 — — 0 — — 0 — 11h 100 0 — — 0 — — 0 — 11i 100 80 20 0 0 — — 0 — 11j 100 90 30 0 90 50 0 0 — 11k 100 0 — — 0 — — 0 — 11l 100 0 — — 0 — — 0 — 11m 100 0 — — 100 30 0 0 — 11n 100 50 0 — 0 — — 0 — Chlorantra-niliprole 100 100 100 100 — — — — — Imidacloprid — — — 100 100 100 — — Fenpyroximate — — — — — — 100 100 a“—” refers to not tested. 2. 结论
以杀虫剂氯虫苯甲酰胺为先导, 设计合成出14个含取代异噁唑环的N-吡啶基吡唑酰胺新化合物.利用1H NMR, 13C NMR和元素分析对目标化合物进行了结构确证.室内杀虫活性测试数据显示, 在500 μg/mL测试浓度下, 目标产物11a~11n对粘虫均呈现100%的致死率, 化合物11c, 11d, 11i和11j在100 μg/mL浓度下对粘虫的杀灭效果分别为100%, 100%, 80%和90%, 11c和11d在20 μg/mL浓度下对粘虫仍有50%和40%的杀虫作用; 化合物11a, 11c, 11d, 11j和11m在500 μg/mL浓度下对蚜虫的致死率在90%以上, 11c, 11d和11j在100μg/mL浓度下对蚜虫还表现出40%~60%的杀虫活性; 同时, 11c和11d在500 μg/mL浓度下对朱砂叶螨的杀死率分别为80%和70%.这为后续该类型杀虫剂的创制研究提供了宝贵的实验数据.
3. 实验部分
3.1 仪器与试剂
化合物熔点测定采用X-4显微熔点测定仪(温度计未经校正); 化合物1H NMR和13C NMR测试采用BRUKER 400 MHz核磁共振仪(TMS为内标); 化合物元素分析测定采用Yanaco-CHN CORDER MT-3自动元素分析仪.所用试剂均为分析纯试剂.化合物1按照文献[27]方法合成, 化合物4和5按照文献[28]方法合成.
3.2 化合物2的合成
将0.05 mol中间体1、80 mL无水乙醇加到250 mL反应瓶中, 室温搅拌10 min后, 冰浴条件下向其中分批加入0.3 mol硼氢化钠.加好后, 继续室温搅拌6~8 h.停止反应, 向反应液中加入30 mL水, 通过稀盐酸调节pH至中性, 减压除去大部分溶剂后, 用乙酸乙酯萃取(50 mL×3), 合并有机相, 经无水硫酸钠干燥、脱溶得中间体2, 可直接用于后面的反应.为了确证化合物2的结构, 选取其中R1为4-OMe、2, 4-Cl2和4-Br的化合物通过乙醇重结晶得到产品.
5-(4-甲氧基苯基)异噁唑-3-甲醇(2a):白色固体, 产率72%. m.p. 81~83 ℃; 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ: 7.67 (d, J=8.80 Hz, 2H), 6.94 (d, J=8.80 Hz, 2H), 6.45 (s, 1H), 4.78 (s, 2H), 3.84 (s, 3H), 2.84 (s, 1H). Anal. calcd for C11H11NO3: C 64.38, H 5.40, N 6.83; found C 64.56, H 5.24, N 6.70.
5-(2, 4-二氯苯基)异噁唑-3-甲醇(2b):淡黄色固体, 产率66%. m.p. 78~80 ℃; 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ: 7.88 (d, J=8.40 Hz, 1H), 7.53 (s, 1H), 7.37~7.39 (m, 1H), 7.01 (s, 1H), 4.85 (s, 2H), 2.38 (s, 1H). Anal. calcd for C10H7Cl2NO2: C 49.21, H 2.89, N 5.74; found C 49.05, H 3.03, N 5.93.
5-(4-溴苯基)异噁唑-3-甲醇(2c):淡黄色固体, 产率70%. m.p. 97~99 ℃; 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ: 7.58~7.63 (m, 4H), 6.59 (s, 1H), 4.81 (s, 2H), 2.68 (s, 1H). Anal. calcd for C10H8BrNO2: C 47.27, H 3.17, N 5.51; found C 47.12, H 3.05, N 5.68.
3.3 化合物3的合成
将30 mmol化合物2、50 mL二氯甲烷加到100 mL反应瓶中, 冰浴搅拌下向其中滴加60 mmol二氯亚砜的二氯甲烷溶液(5 mL).加好后, 向其中加入8滴N, N-二甲基甲酰胺.接着将反应液加热回流2~3 h.反应结束后, 向反应液中缓慢加入20 mL水, 分层, 水相用二氯甲烷萃取(30 mL×3), 合并有机层, 经无水硫酸钠干燥、脱溶得化合物3, 不经提纯直接用于下一步反应.
3.4 化合物6的合成
将20 mmol化合物3、20 mmol化合物5及80 mL乙腈加到250 mL反应瓶中, 室温搅拌下向其中加入48 mmol无水碳酸钾.加好后, 将反应液加热回流8~9 h.反应结束后, 抽滤, 用20 mL乙腈洗涤固体, 母液除去溶剂后得化合物6, 不经提纯直接用于后面的反应.
3.5 化合物7的合成
将3 mmol化合物6、40 mL甲醇加到100 mL反应瓶中, 接着升温至45 ℃, 向其中滴加3 mL质量分数为20%的氢氧化钠水溶液.加好后, 温度保持在45 ℃, 反应6~7 h.反应结束后, 通过稀盐酸调节pH=1, 析出固体, 抽滤, 得中间体7, 可直接用于下一步反应.为了验证化合物7的结构, 选取其中R1为4-F的化合物, 通过乙醇重结晶得到淡黄色固体3-{[5-(4-氟苯基)异噁唑-3-基]甲氧基}-1-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酸(7b), 产率68%. m.p. 165~167 ℃; 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ: 8.50 (d, J=4.00 Hz, 1H), 7.90 (d, J=8.00 Hz, 1H), 7.75~7.78 (m, 2H), 7.40~7.43 (m, 1H), 7.13~7.18 (m, 2H), 6.64 (s, 1H), 6.57 (s, 1H), 5.41 (s, 2H). Anal. calcd for C19H12ClFN4O4: C 55.02, H 2.92, N 13.51; found C 55.21, H 2.75, N 13.31.
3.6 化合物8的合成
将1.5 mmol化合物7、30 mL二氯甲烷加到50 mL反应瓶中, 冰浴条件下向其中滴加4.5 mmol草酰氯的二氯甲烷溶液(3 mL).加好后, 向其中加入5滴N, N-二甲基甲酰胺, 接着在室温条件下搅拌4~5 h.停止反应, 浓缩反应液得到化合物8, 不经提纯可直接用于下步反应.
3.7 化合物9的合成
将20 mmol化合物3、80 mmol邻苯二甲酰亚胺钾盐及80 mL N, N-二甲基甲酰胺加到250 mL反应瓶中, 然后将反应液升温至50 ℃, 搅拌6~8 h.反应结束后, 向反应液中加入50 mL水, 析出固体, 抽滤, 烘干得化合物9, 直接用于后面的反应.为确证化合物9的结构, 选以R2为4-OMe和2, 4-Cl2的化合物, 经过乙醇重结晶得到产品.
2-{[5-(4-甲氧基苯基)异噁唑-3-基]甲基}异吲哚啉- 1, 3-二酮(9a):白色固体, 产率82%. m.p. 177~179 ℃; 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ: 7.87~7.90 (m, 2H), 7.73~7.75 (m, 2H), 7.66 (d, J=8.80 Hz, 2H), 6.93 (d, J=8.80 Hz, 2H), 6.41 (s, 1H), 4.98 (s, 2H), 3.83 (s, 3H). Anal. calcd for C19H14N2O4: C 68.26, H 4.22, N 8.38; found C 68.08, H 4.10, N 8.57.
2-{[5-(2, 4-二氯苯基)异噁唑-3-基]甲基}异吲哚啉- 1, 3-二酮(9b):淡黄色固体, 产率75%. m.p. 190~192 ℃; 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ: 7.89~7.91 (m, 2H), 7.84 (d, J=8.40 Hz, 1H), 7.75~7.77 (m, 2H), 7.50 (s, 1H), 7.34~7.37 (m, 1H), 6.96 (s, 1H), 5.03 (s, 2H). Anal. calcd for C18H10Cl2N2O3: C 57.93, H 2.70, N 7.51; found C 57.76, H 2.85, N 7.69.
3.8 化合物10的合成
将10 mmol化合物9、100 mL无水乙醇加到250 mL反应瓶中, 室温条件下向其中加入30 mmol水合肼(质量分数为80%).加好后, 升温回流反应7~9 h.反应结束后, 抽滤, 用50 mL乙醇洗涤固体, 浓缩反应液后得到化合物10, 可直接用于后面的反应.为确证化合物10的结构, 选以R2为4-OMe和2, 4-Cl2的化合物, 经乙醇重结晶后得到产品.
5-(4-甲氧基苯基)异吡唑-3-甲胺(10a):淡黄色固体, 产率78%. m.p. 75~77 ℃; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz) δ: 7.77 (d, J=8.80 Hz, 2H), 7.08 (d, J=8.80 Hz, 2H), 6.84 (s, 1H), 3.83 (s, 3H), 3.75 (s, 2H). Anal. calcd for C11H12N2O2: C 64.69, H 5.92, N 13.72; found C 64.89, H 5.76, N 13.54.
5-(2, 4-二氯苯基)异吡唑-3-甲胺(10b):淡黄色固体, 产率73%. m.p. 103~105 ℃; 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 400 MHz) δ: 7.90~7.93 (m, 1H), 7.85 (s, 1H), 7.60~7.63 (m, 1H), 7.16 (s, 1H), 3.80 (s, 2H). Anal. calcd for C10H8- Cl2N2O: C 49.41, H 3.32, N 11.52; found C 49.23, H 3.49, N 11.37.
3.9 目标化合物11的合成
将1 mmol化合物10、1 mL三乙胺及20 mL二氯甲烷加到50 mL反应瓶中, 冰浴搅拌下向其中滴加1.5 mmol化合物8的二氯甲烷溶液(3 mL).加好后, 将反应液室温搅拌8~10 h.停止反应, 抽滤, 浓缩母液所得粗品通过柱层析[V(乙酸乙酯):V(石油醚)=1:1]分离得目标产物11a~11n.
3-{[5-(4-氯苯基)异噁唑-3-基]甲氧基}-1-(3-氯吡啶- 2-基)-N-[(5-苯基异噁唑-3-基)甲基]-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(11a):黄色固体, 产率66%. m.p. 155~157 ℃; 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ: 8.47~8.48 (m, 1H), 7.89~7.91 (m, 1H), 7.68~7.73 (m, 4H), 7.35~7.45 (m, 6H), 7.22 (s, 1H), 6.67 (s, 1H), 6.48 (s, 1H), 6.34 (s, 1H), 5.42 (s, 2H), 4.59 (d, J=5.60 Hz, 2H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 170.61, 169.27, 162.26, 161.16, 160.93, 158.67, 149.39, 146.74, 146.26, 139.95, 139.37, 138.58, 136.36, 130.43, 129.32, 129.03, 127.11, 127.06, 125.80, 125.66, 125.38, 99.54, 98.97, 94.27, 62.49, 35.41. Anal. calcd for C29H20Cl2N6O4: C 59.30, H 3.43, N 14.31; found C 59.49, H 3.58, N 14.17.
3-{[5-(4-氯苯基)异噁唑-3-基]甲氧基}-1-(3-氯吡啶- 2-基)-N-{[5-(4-氟苯基)异噁唑-3-基]甲基}-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(11b):黄色固体, 产率62%. m.p. 191~193 ℃; 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ: 8.48 (d, J=3.60 Hz, 1H), 7.90~7.92 (m, 1H), 7.69~7.73 (m, 4H), 7.39~7.44 (m, 3H), 7.12~7.16 (m, 3H), 6.67 (s, 1H), 6.44 (s, 1H), 6.34 (s, 1H), 5.42 (s, 2H), 4.59 (d, J=5.20 Hz, 2H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 169.67, 169.31, 165.11, 162.61, 162.28, 161.20, 160.89, 158.64, 149.28, 146.63, 139.53, 138.53, 136.38, 129.42, 129.34, 127.96, 127.87, 127.11, 125.65, 125.42, 123.46, 116.40, 116.18, 99.53, 98.77, 94.32, 62.51, 35.43. Anal. calcd for C29H19Cl2FN6O4: C 57.53, H 3.16, N 13.88; found C 57.38, H 3.32, N 13.97.
3-{[5-(4-氯苯基)异噁唑-3-基]甲氧基}-1-(3-氯吡啶- 2-基)-N-{[5-(4-甲氧基苯基)异噁唑-3-基]甲基}-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(11c):黄色固体, 产率61%. m.p. 143~145 ℃; 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ: 8.47 (d, J=3.60 Hz, 1H), 7.89 (d, J=7.20 Hz, 1H), 7.63~7.69 (m, 4H), 7.42 (d, J=8.40 Hz, 2H), 7.37~7.40 (m, 1H), 7.23 (s, 1H), 6.94 (d, J=8.80 Hz, 2H), 6.67 (s, 1H), 6.34 (d, J=2.40 Hz, 2H), 5.41 (s, 2H), 4.56 (d, J=5.20 Hz, 2H), 3.84 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 170.61, 169.26, 162.25, 161.25, 161.07, 160.94, 158.64, 149.41, 146.77, 139.33, 138.60, 136.34, 129.32, 127.41, 127.10, 125.66, 125.37, 119.86, 114.42, 99.53, 97.55, 94.23, 62.49, 55.40, 35.43. Anal. calcd for C30H22Cl2N6O5: C 58.36, H 3.59, N 13.61; found C 58.50, H 3.43, N 13.50.
3-{[5-(4-氯苯基)异噁唑-3-基]甲氧基}-1-(3-氯吡啶- 2-基)-N-{[5-(4-甲基苯基)异噁唑-3-基]甲基}-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(11d):黄色固体, 产率61%. m.p. 168~170 ℃; 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ: 8.47 (d, J=4.40 Hz, 1H), 7.89 (d, J=8.00 Hz, 1H), 7.69 (d, J=8.40 Hz, 2H), 7.61 (d, J=8.00 Hz, 2H), 7.42 (d, J=8.40 Hz, 2H), 7.37~7.40 (m, 1H), 7.25 (d, J=10.00 Hz, 2H), 7.11 (s, 1H), 6.67 (s, 1H), 6.42 (s, 1H), 6.33 (s, 1H), 5.42 (s, 2H), 4.59 (d, J=5.60 Hz, 2H), 2.39 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 170.85, 169.27, 162.26, 161.00, 160.94, 158.63, 149.38, 146.78, 140.80, 139.35, 138.62, 136.35, 129.71, 129.32, 127.11, 125.75, 125.69, 125.36, 124.36, 99.53, 98.30, 94.24, 62.49, 35.47, 21.50. Anal. calcd for C30H22Cl2N6O4: C 59.91, H 3.69, N 13.97; found C 59.75, H 3.55, N 14.09.
3-{[5-(4-氯苯基)异噁唑-3-基]甲氧基}-1-(3-氯吡啶- 2-基)-N-{[5-(2, 4-二氯苯基)异噁唑-3-基]甲基}-1H-吡唑- 5-甲酰胺(11e):黄色固体, 产率67%. m.p.159~161 ℃; 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ: 8.47~8.48 (m, 1H), 7.89~7.91 (m, 1H), 7.83 (d, J=8.40 Hz, 1H), 7.69 (d, J=8.40 Hz, 2H), 7.51 (d, J=1.60 Hz, 1H), 7.43 (d, J=8.40 Hz, 2H), 7.35~7.41 (m, 2H), 7.15 (s, 1H), 6.88 (s, 1H), 6.67 (s, 1H), 6.33 (s, 1H), 5.42 (s, 2H), 4.62 (d, J=5.60 Hz, 2H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 169.30, 165.89, 162.24, 161.16, 160.90, 158.63, 149.37, 146.79, 139.33, 138.49, 136.59, 136.38, 132.39, 130.72, 130.05, 129.33, 127.74, 127.10, 125.66, 125.38, 124.45, 103.91, 99.52, 94.24, 62.49, 35.45. Anal. calcd for C29H18Cl4N6O4: C 53.07, H 2.76, N 12.81; found C 53.25, H 2.62, N 12.98.
3-{[5-(4-氟苯基)异噁唑-3-基]甲氧基}-1-(3-氯吡啶- 2-基)-N-[(5-苯基异噁唑-3-基)甲基]-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(11f):白色固体, 产率65%. m.p.150~152 ℃; 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ: 8.46~8.48 (m, 1H), 7.88~7.90 (m, 1H), 7.70~7.76 (m, 4H), 7.37~7.44 (m, 4H), 7.34 (s, 1H), 7.11~7.16 (m, 2H), 6.62 (s, 1H), 6.48 (s, 1H), 6.36 (s, 1H), 5.41 (s, 2H), 4.59 (d, J=6.00 Hz, 2H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 170.58, 169.44, 165.05, 162.55, 162.27, 161.21, 160.90, 158.70, 149.43, 146.76, 139.33, 138.57, 130.41, 129.35, 129.03, 127.98, 127.90, 127.46, 127.07, 125.79, 125.37, 123.61, 116.33, 116.11, 114.38, 98.99, 94.27, 62.52, 35.39. Anal. calcd for C29H20Cl- FN6O4: C 61.01, H 3.53, N 14.72; found C 60.85, H 3.68, N 14.83.
3-{[5-(4-氟苯基)异噁唑-3-基]甲氧基}-1-(3-氯吡啶- 2-基)-N-{[5-(4-氟苯基)异噁唑-3-基]甲基}-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(11g):白色固体, 产率63%. m.p. 153~155 ℃; 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ: 8.46~8.48 (m, 1H), 7.89~7.91 (m, 1H), 7.69~7.76 (m, 4H), 7.38~7.41 (m, 1H), 7.23 (s, 1H), 7.11~7.16 (m, 4H), 6.62 (s, 1H), 6.43 (s, 1H), 6.33 (s, 1H), 5.41 (s, 2H), 4.58 (d, J=6.00 Hz, 2H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 169.62, 169.47, 165.10, 162.60, 162.27, 161.31, 160.87, 158.70, 149.42, 146.76, 139.35, 138.49, 129.35, 127.98, 127.94, 127.90, 127.85, 125.39, 123.59, 123.43, 116.39, 116.35, 116.16, 116.13, 98.97, 98.81, 94.23, 62.53, 35.34. Anal. calcd for C29H19ClF2N6O4: C 59.14, H 3.25, N 14.27; found C 59.32, H 3.39, N 14.15.
3-{[5-(4-氟苯基)异噁唑-3-基]甲氧基}-1-(3-氯吡啶- 2-基)-N-{[5-(4-氯苯基)异噁唑-3-基]甲基}-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(11h):白色固体, 产率68%. m.p. 151~153 ℃; 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ: 8.47~8.49 (m, 1H), 7.89~7.92 (m, 1H), 7.75~7.78 (m, 2H), 7.67 (d, J=8.40 Hz, 2H), 7.44 (d, J=8.80 Hz, 2H), 7.39~7.42 (m, 1H), 7.14~7.18 (m, 2H), 6.98 (s, 1H), 6.64 (s, 1H), 6.48 (s, 1H), 6.32 (s, 1H), 5.42 (s, 2H), 4.61 (d, J=5.60 Hz, 2H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 169.54, 165.07, 162.57, 162.27, 161.16, 160.85, 158.65, 149.32, 146.78, 139.38, 138.47, 136.54, 129.40, 129.29, 127.99, 127.91, 127.07, 125.50, 125.39, 123.62, 116.36, 116.14, 99.25, 98.96, 94.25, 62.53, 35.45. Anal. calcd for C29H19Cl2FN6O4: C 57.53, H 3.16, N 13.88; found C 57.70, H 3.02, N 13.72.
3-{[5-(4-氟苯基)异噁唑-3-基]甲氧基}-1-(3-氯吡啶- 2-基)-N-{[5-(4-甲氧基苯基)异噁唑-3-基]甲基}-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(11i):白色固体, 产率70%. m.p. 173~175 ℃; 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ: 8.48 (d, J=3.20 Hz, 1H), 7.88~7.91 (m, 1H), 7.73~7.77 (m, 2H), 7.65 (d, J=8.80 Hz, 2H), 7.37~7.41 (m, 1H), 7.21 (s, 1H), 7.12~7.17 (m, 2H), 6.95 (d, J=8.80 Hz, 2H), 6.63 (s, 1H), 6.35 (d, J=2.00 Hz, 2H), 5.41 (s, 2H), 4.58 (d, J=5.60 Hz, 2H), 3.85 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 170.67, 169.47, 165.06, 162.57, 162.29, 161.27, 160.92, 158.66, 149.41, 146.80, 139.36, 138.60, 129.35, 128.01, 127.92, 127.45, 125.39, 123.63, 119.87, 116.36, 116.14, 114.44, 99.01, 97.57, 94.23, 62.53, 55.43, 35.45. Anal. calcd for C30H22ClFN6O5: C 59.96, H 3.69, N 13.98; found C 59.82, H 3.85, N 13.81.
3-{[5-(4-氟苯基)异噁唑-3-基]甲氧基}-1-(3-氯吡啶- 2-基)-N-{[5-(4-甲基苯基)异噁唑-3-基]甲基}-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(11j):白色固体, 产率61%. m.p. 134~136 ℃; 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ: 8.47~8.48 (m, 1H), 7.89~7.91 (m, 1H), 7.74~7.77 (m, 2H), 7.61 (d, J=8.40 Hz, 2H), 7.37~7.41 (m, 1H), 7.13~7.27 (m, 5H), 6.63 (s, 1H), 6.42 (s, 1H), 6.34 (s, 1H), 5.42 (s, 2H), 4.58 (d, J=5.60 Hz, 2H), 2.39 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 170.83, 169.45, 165.05, 162.55, 162.30, 161.05, 160.90, 158.65, 149.36, 146.72, 140.78, 139.43, 138.63, 129.71, 129.38, 128.00, 127.91, 125.76, 125.38, 124.36, 123.63, 116.34, 116.12, 99.02, 98.36, 94.33, 62.55, 35.48, 21.49. Anal. calcd for C30H22ClFN6O4: C 61.60, H 3.79, N 14.37; found C 61.78, H 3.62, N 14.21.
3-{[5-(4-氟苯基)异噁唑-3-基]甲氧基}-1-(3-氯吡啶- 2-基)-N-{[5-(2, 4-二氯苯基)异噁唑-3-基]甲基}-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(11k):白色固体, 产率58%. m.p. 159~161 ℃; 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ: 8.48~8.49 (m, 1H), 7.89~7.92 (m, 1H), 7.86 (d, J=8.40 Hz, 1H), 7.75~7.79 (m, 2H), 7.53 (d, J=2.40 Hz, 1H), 7.37~7.41 (m, 2H), 7.14~7.18 (m, 2H), 6.95 (s, 1H), 6.89 (s, 1H), 6.64 (s, 1H), 6.32 (s, 1H), 5.43 (s, 2H), 4.65 (d, J=6.00 Hz, 2H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 169.49, 165.97, 165.06, 162.57, 162.26, 161.05, 160.86, 158.59, 149.31, 146.81, 139.36, 138.46, 136.62, 132.41, 130.75, 130.08, 129.28, 127.99, 127.77, 125.38, 124.45, 123.63, 116.36, 116.14, 103.86, 98.97, 94.22, 62.52, 35.52. Anal. calcd for C29H18Cl3FN6O4: C 54.44, H 2.84, N 13.13; found C 54.31, H 2.99, N 13.01.
3-{[5-(4-溴苯基)异噁唑-3-基]甲氧基}-1-(3-氯吡啶- 2-基)-N-{[5-(4-氯苯基)异噁唑-3-基]甲基}-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(11l):黄色固体, 产率64%. m.p. 141~143 ℃; 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ: 8.47~8.49 (m, 1H), 7.89~7.92 (m, 1H), 7.59~7.68 (m, 6H), 7.44 (d, J=8.80 Hz, 2H), 7.39~7.42 (m, 1H), 7.06 (s, 1H), 6.69 (s, 1H), 6.48 (s, 1H), 6.33 (s, 1H), 5.42 (s, 2H), 4.60 (d, J=6.00 Hz, 2H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 169.52, 169.35, 162.23, 161.19, 160.91, 158.65, 149.33, 146.77, 139.38, 138.48, 136.54, 132.29, 129.39, 127.29, 127.06, 126.07, 125.49, 125.40, 124.70, 99.59, 99.27, 94.24, 62.47, 35.42. Anal. calcd for C29H19BrCl2N6O4: C 52.28, H 2.87, N 12.61; found C 52.43, H 2.70, N 12.52.
3-{[5-(4-溴苯基)异噁唑-3-基]甲氧基}-1-(3-氯吡啶- 2-基)-N-{[5-(4-甲氧基苯基)异噁唑-3-基]甲基}-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(11m):黄色固体, 产率67%. m.p. 165~167 ℃; 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ: 8.47~8.49 (m, 1H), 7.89~7.91 (m, 1H), 7.59~7.68 (m, 6H), 7.38~7.41 (m, 1H), 6.96~7.00 (m, 3H), 6.70 (s, 1H), 6.35 (s, 1H), 6.32 (s, 1H), 5.43 (s, 2H), 4.59 (d, J=5.60 Hz, 2H), 3.86 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 170.69, 169.33, 162.24, 161.27, 160.91, 158.58, 149.34, 146.80, 139.36, 138.61, 132.29, 129.30, 127.44, 127.30, 126.11, 125.37, 124.68, 119.86, 114.44, 99.60, 97.45, 94.22, 62.47, 55.42, 35.54. Anal. calcd for C30H22BrClN6O5: C 54.44, H 3.35, N 12.70; found C 54.60, H 3.21, N 12.53.
3-{[5-(4-溴苯基)异噁唑-3-基]甲氧基}-1-(3-氯吡啶- 2-基)-N-{[5-(4-甲基苯基)异噁唑-3-基]甲基}-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(11n):白色固体, 产率72%. m.p. 160~162 ℃; 1H NMR (CDCl3, 400 MHz) δ: 8.46~8.48 (m, 1H), 7.88~7.91 (m, 1H), 7.59~7.63 (m, 6H), 7.37~7.40 (m, 1H), 7.24 (d, J=8.00 Hz, 3H), 6.68 (s, 1H), 6.42 (s, 1H), 6.34 (s, 1H), 5.41 (s, 2H), 4.58 (d, J=6.00 Hz, 2H), 2.39 (s, 3H); 13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3) δ: 170.82, 169.30, 162.26, 161.05, 160.95, 158.63, 149.35, 146.70, 140.78, 139.41, 138.62, 132.27, 129.71, 129.36, 127.28, 126.08, 125.73, 125.38, 124.66, 124.34, 99.61, 98.33, 94.27, 62.48, 35.44, 21.50. Anal. calcd for C30H22BrClN6O4: C 55.79, H 3.43, N 13.01; found C 55.62, H 3.27, N 13.12.
辅助材料(Supporting Information) 目标化合物11a~11n的1H NMR与13C NMR图谱.这些材料可以免费从本刊网站(http://sioc-journal.cn/)上下载.
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表 1 不同反应条件对目标化合物11f合成收率的影响
Table 1. Effects of reaction conditions on the preparation of compound 11f
Entry Base Solvent Reaction condition Yield/% 1 Pyridine CH2Cl2 r.t. for 8 h 61 2 Pyridine CHCl3 r.t. for 8 h 51 3 Pyridine CH3CN r.t. for 8 h 35 4 Et3N CH2Cl2 r.t. for 8 h 65 5 Et3N CHCl3 r.t. for 8 h 57 6 Et3N CH3CN r.t. for 8 h 37 7 NaHCO3 CH2Cl2 r.t. for 8 h 19 8 NaHCO3 CHCl3 r.t. for 8 h 15 9 NaHCO3 CH3CN r.t. for 8 h 10 10 Pyridine CH2Cl2 Reflux for 8 h 54 11 Et3N CH2Cl2 Reflux for 8 h 62 表 2 目标化合物11a~11n的生物活性(致死率/%)a
Table 2. Bioactivities of designed compounds 11a~11n (mortality/%)
Compd. Oriental armyworm Aphis medicaginis Tetranychus cinnabarinus 500 μg/mL 100 μg/mL 20 μg/mL 4 μg/mL 500 μg/mL 100 μg/mL 20 μg/mL 500 μg/mL 100μg/mL 11a 100 0 — — 100 30 0 0 — 11b 100 0 — — 0 — — 0 — 11c 100 100 50 0 100 60 0 80 0 11d 100 100 40 0 90 40 0 70 0 11e 100 0 — — 0 — — 0 — 11f 100 0 — — 0 — — 0 — 11g 100 0 — — 0 — — 0 — 11h 100 0 — — 0 — — 0 — 11i 100 80 20 0 0 — — 0 — 11j 100 90 30 0 90 50 0 0 — 11k 100 0 — — 0 — — 0 — 11l 100 0 — — 0 — — 0 — 11m 100 0 — — 100 30 0 0 — 11n 100 50 0 — 0 — — 0 — Chlorantra-niliprole 100 100 100 100 — — — — — Imidacloprid — — — 100 100 100 — — Fenpyroximate — — — — — — 100 100 a“—” refers to not tested.
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