Citation: Cao Zhiqi, Li Rui, Su Yan, Gu Peiming. Intramolecular Schmidt Reaction of Alkyl Azides with Pentafluorophenyl Esters[J]. Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry, ;2020, 40(8): 2555-2562. doi: 10.6023/cjoc202003017 shu

Intramolecular Schmidt Reaction of Alkyl Azides with Pentafluorophenyl Esters

College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021

Corresponding author: Li Rui, ruili@nxu.edu.cn Gu Peiming, gupm@nxu.edu.cn
Received Date: 7 March 2020
Revised Date: 19 May 2020
Available Online: 29 May 2020
Fund Project: Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21662027, 21762035), the Program for Leading Talents of Ningxia Province (No. KJT2015002) and the Key R & D Program of Ningxia (No. 2018BFG02004)the National Natural Science Foundation of China 21762035the National Natural Science Foundation of China 21662027the Key R & D Program of Ningxia 2018BFG02004the Program for Leading Talents of Ningxia Province KJT2015002

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The intramolecular Schmidt reaction of alkyl azides with pentafluorophenyl esters was investigated. The perfluorophenyl 5-azido-2-phenylpentanoate was employed as the model substrate, and the acid promoter, the solvent and the temperature were scanned. Then the titanium tetrachloride in the refluxing 1, 2-dichloroethane was effective for the reaction of perfluorophenyl 5-azido-2-phenylpentanoate. Eleven 5-azido-pentanoates were designed and prepared for exploration, where different aryl, benzyl and alkyl groups were introduced at the α-carbon of perfluorophenyl ester. This type substrate would mainly give isocyanate ion as the primary product from Schmidt rearrangement. Then the scope of substrate was examined, and the experiment results indicated that the substrate with an electron-rich aryl or a benzyl group at the α-carbon of perfluorophenyl ester would afford a lactam via an intramolecular nucleophilic addition of arene to the isocyanate ion, and the substrate with an electron-deficient aryl or an alkyl group at the α-carbon of perfluorophenyl ester would give perfluorophenyl carbamate through an intermolecular capture of isocyanate ion with pentafluorophenol anion. The good leaving apptitude of pentafluorophenol anion should be accounted for inititating the Schmidt reaction, where the nucleophilic attack of azide onto perfluorophenyl ester would proceed very easy.
- Schmidt reaction,
- N-heterocycle,
- azides,
- pentafluorophenyl esters,
- rearrangement
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