Citation: Yang Xinping, Wang Haichao, Tan Zhaofeng, Lu Keding, Zhang Yuanhang. Observations of OH Radical Reactivity in Field Studies[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica, ;2019, 77(7): 613-624. doi: 10.6023/A19030094 shu

Observations of OH Radical Reactivity in Field Studies

Yang Xinping ^a,b ,
Wang Haichao ^a,b ,
Tan Zhaofeng ^a,b,c ,
Lu Keding ^a,b,, ,
Zhang Yuanhang ^a,b,d,e,,

a.
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871
b.
International Joint Research Center for Atmospheric Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871
c.
Institute of Energy and Climate Research, IEK-8:Troposphere, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany 52425
d.
CAS Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021
e.
Beijing Innovation Center for Engineering Sciences and Advanced Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871

Corresponding author: Lu Keding, k.lu@pku.edu.cn Zhang Yuanhang, yhzhang@pku.edu.cn
Received Date: 21 March 2019
Available Online: 3 July 2019
Fund Project: the National Natural Science Foundation of China 91544225Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 91544225) and Integrative study on the key chemical mechanisms of the Air Pollution Complex in China (No. 91844301)Integrative study on the key chemical mechanisms of the Air Pollution Complex in China 91844301

Figures(6)

Observations of OH Radical Reactivity in Field Studies Yang, Xinpinga, b Wang, Haichaoa, b Tan, Zhaofenga, b, c Lu, Keding*, a, b Zhang, Yuanhang*, a, b, d, e (a State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871) (b International Joint Research Center for Atmospheric Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871) (c Institute of Energy and Climate Research, IEK-8:Troposphere, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany 52425) (d CAS Center for Excellence in Regional Atmospheric Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021) (e Beijing Innovation Center for Engineering Sciences and Advanced Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871) Abstract The hydroxyl radical (OH) is the main source of atmospheric oxidation capacity, which oxidizes the primary pollutants into the secondary pollutants. Therefore, the measurements and characterization of source and sink of OH radical are critical to understand the formation mechanism of regional secondary pollution. However, the removal routes of OH radical still cannot be quantified accurately. OH radical reactivity can describe the OH total loss rate and the atmospheric oxidation, thus playing an important role in the OH budget analysis. The OH radical reactivity is defined as the total pseudo first-order rate coefficient for all atmospheric reactions of OH in an air parcel. It is challenging to accurately measure the OH radical reactivity due to the high activity and short life of OH radical. In this paper, we summarized all kinds of measurement techniques used in the field observations of OH radical reactivity, including Total OH Loss-rate Measurement (TOHLM), Laser flash Photolysis-Laser Induced Fluorescence (LP-LIF), Chemical Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (CIMS) and Comparative Reactivity Method (CRM). The techniques were reviewed on the aspects of measurement principles, instrument modules, and so on. Overall, LP-LIF is proposed to be the best technical approach. In addition, the measured OH radical reactivity and the major scientific findings of corresponding measurement campaigns conducted in typical tropospheric conditions as urban, forest and rural environments, etc. were outlined. The OH radical reactivity varies significantly in different conditions, ranging from less than 10 per second to hundreds. Comparison of measured OH radical reactivity and the calculated or modeling results reveals a significant missing reactivity, ranging from 20% to over 80% in some environments. Depending on the emission and pollution characteristics of the field observation sites, the sources of missing reactivity are generally attributed to the undetected or unknown organic species, i.e. primary organic species, secondary organic species or a combination of both. The accurate observation and the numerical modeling of the OH radical reactivity can provide a possibility for achieving numerical closure study of RO_x radicals. Finally, we discussed the current research difficulties and possible new directions for future studies of the OH radical reactivity.
- OH radical reactivity,
- measurement techniques,
- field observation,
- compositions of OH radical reactivity,
- missing reactivity
1. [1]
  Ehhalt, D. H. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 1999, 1, 5401. doi: 10.1039/a905097c
2. [2]
  Lu, K.-D.; Zhang, Y.-H. Prog. Chem. 2010, 22, 500(in Chinese).
3. [3]
  Hofzumahaus, A.; Aschmutat, U.; Hessling, M.; Holland, F.; Ehhalt, D. H. Geophys. Res. Lett. 1996, 23, 2541. doi: 10.1029/96GL02205
4. [4]
  Heard, D. E.; Pilling, M. J. Chem. Rev. 2003, 103, 5163. doi: 10.1021/cr020522s
5. [5]
  Hofzumahaus, A.; Rohrer, F.; Lu, K.; Bohn, B.; Brauers, T.; Chang, C.-C.; Fuchs, H.; Holland, F.; Kita, K.; Kondo, Y.; Li, X.; Lou, S.; Shao, M.; Zeng, L.; Wahner, A.; Zhang, Y. Science 2009, 324, 1702. doi: 10.1126/science.1164566
6. [6]
  Goldstein, A. H.; Galbally, I. E. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2007, 41, 1514. doi: 10.1021/es072476p
7. [7]
  Kovacs, T. A.; Brune, W. H. J. Atmos. Chem. 2001, 39, 105. doi: 10.1023/A:1010614113786
8. [8]
  Yang, Y.; Shao, M.; Wang, X.; Noelscher, A. C.; Kessel, S.; Guenther, A.; Williams, J. Atmos. Environ. 2016, 134, 147. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.03.010
9. [9]
  Mao, J.; Ren, X.; Brune, W. H.; Olson, J. R.; Crawford, J. H.; Fried, A.; Huey, L. G.; Cohen, R. C.; Heikes, B.; Singh, H. B.; Blake, D. R.; Sachse, G. W.; Diskin, G. S.; Hall, S. R.; Shetter, R. E. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2009, 9, 163. doi: 10.5194/acp-9-163-2009
10. [10]
  Fuchs, H.; Novelli, A.; Rolletter, M.; Hofzumahaus, A.; Pfannerstill, E. Y.; Kessel, S.; Edtbauer, A.; Williams, J.; Michoud, V.; Dusanter, S.; Locoge, N.; Zannoni, N.; Gros, V.; Truong, F.; Sarda-Esteve, R.; Cryer, D. R.; Brumby, C. A.; Whalley, L. K.; Stone, D.; Seakins, P. W.; Heard, D. E.; Schoemaecker, C.; Blocquet, M.; Coudert, S.; Batut, S.; Fittschen, C.; Thames, A. B.; Brune, W. H.; Ernest, C.; Harder, H.; Muller, J. B. A.; Elste, T.; Kubistin, D.; Andres, S.; Bohn, B.; Hohaus, T.; Holland, F.; Li, X.; Rohrer, F.; Kiendler-Scharr, A.; Tillmann, R.; Wegener, R.; Yu, Z.; Zou, Q.; Wahner, A. Atmos. Meas. Tech. 2017, 10, 4023. doi: 10.5194/amt-10-4023-2017
11. [11]
  Sadanaga, Y.; Yoshino, A.; Watanabe, K.; Yoshioka, A.; Wakazono, Y.; Kanaya, Y.; Kajii, Y. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 2004, 75, 2648. doi: 10.1063/1.1775311
12. [12]
  Sinha, V.; Williams, J.; Crowley, J. N.; Lelieveld, J. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2008, 8, 2213. doi: 10.5194/acp-8-2213-2008
13. [13]
  Muller, J. B. A.; Elste, T.; Plass-Duelmer, C.; Stange, G.; Holla, R.; Claude, A.; Englert, J.; Gilge, S.; Kubistin, D. Atmos. Meas. Tech. 2018, 11, 4413. doi: 10.5194/amt-11-4413-2018
14. [14]
  Ingham, T.; Goddard, A.; Whalley, L. K.; Furneaux, K. L.; Edwards, P. M.; Seal, C. P.; Self, D. E.; Johnson, G. P.; Read, K. A.; Lee, J. D.; Heard, D. E. Atmos. Meas. Tech. 2009, 2, 465. doi: 10.5194/amt-2-465-2009
15. [15]
  Hansen, R. F.; Griffith, S. M.; Dusanter, S.; Rickly, P. S.; Stevens, P. S.; Bertman, S. B.; Carroll, M. A.; Erickson, M. H.; Flynn, J. H.; Grossberg, N.; Jobson, B. T.; Lefer, B. L.; Wallace, H. W. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2014, 14, 2923. doi: 10.5194/acp-14-2923-2014
16. [16]
  Lou, S.; Holland, F.; Rohrer, F.; Lu, K.; Bohn, B.; Brauers, T.; Chang, C. C.; Fuchs, H.; Haeseler, R.; Kita, K.; Kondo, Y.; Li, X.; Shao, M.; Zeng, L.; Wahner, A.; Zhang, Y.; Wang, W.; Hofzu-mahaus, A. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2010, 10, 11243. doi: 10.5194/acp-10-11243-2010
17. [17]
  Holland, F.; Hessling, M.; Hofzumahaus, A. J. Atmos. Sci. 1995, 52, 3393. doi: 10.1175/1520-0469(1995)052<3393:ISMOTO>2.0.CO;2
18. [18]
  Lu, K. D.; Rohrer, F.; Holland, F.; Fuchs, H.; Bohn, B.; Brauers, T.; Chang, C. C.; Haeseler, R.; Hu, M.; Kita, K.; Kondo, Y.; Li, X.; Lou, S. R.; Nehr, S.; Shao, M.; Zeng, L. M.; Wahner, A.; Zhang, Y. H.; Hofzumahaus, A. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2012, 12, 1541. doi: 10.5194/acp-12-1541-2012
19. [19]
  Tan, Z.; Rohrer, F.; Lu, K.; Ma, X.; Bohn, B.; Broch, S.; Dong, H.; Fuchs, H.; Gkatzelis, G. I.; Hofzumahaus, A.; Holland, F.; Li, X.; Liu, Y.; Liu, Y.; Novelli, A.; Shao, M.; Wang, H.; Wu, Y.; Zeng, L.; Hu, M.; Kiendler-Scharr, A.; Wahner, A.; Zhang, Y. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2018, 18, 12391. doi: 10.5194/acp-18-12391-2018
20. [20]
  Berresheim, H.; Elste, T.; Plass-Dulmer, C.; Eisele, F. L.; Tanner, D. J. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 2000, 202, 91. doi: 10.1016/S1387-3806(00)00233-5
21. [21]
  Kumar, V.; Sinha, V. Int. J. Mass Spectrom. 2014, 374, 55. doi: 10.1016/j.ijms.2014.10.012
22. [22]
  Noelscher, A. C.; Williams, J.; Sinha, V.; Custer, T.; Song, W.; Johnson, A. M.; Axinte, R.; Bozem, H.; Fischer, H.; Pouvesle, N.; Phillips, G.; Crowley, J. N.; Rantala, P.; Rinne, J.; Kulmala, M.; Gonzales, D.; Valverde-Canossa, J.; Vogel, A.; Hoffmann, T.; Ouwersloot, H. G.; De Arellano, J. V.-G.; Lelieveld, J. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2012, 12, 8257. doi: 10.5194/acp-12-8257-2012
23. [23]
  Williams, J.; Brune, W. Atmos. Environ. 2015, 106, 371. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.02.017
24. [24]
  Zannoni, N.; Gros, V.; Lanza, M.; Sarda, R.; Bonsang, B.; Ka-logridis, C.; Preunkert, S.; Legrand, M.; Jambert, C.; Boissard, C.; Lathiere, J. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2016, 16, 1619. doi: 10.5194/acp-16-1619-2016
25. [25]
  Hansen, R. F.; Blocquet, M.; Schoemaecker, C.; Leonardis, T.; Locoge, N.; Fittschen, C.; Hanoune, B.; Stevens, P. S.; Sinha, V.; Dusanter, S. Atmos. Meas. Tech. 2015, 8, 4243. doi: 10.5194/amt-8-4243-2015
26. [26]
  Edwards, P. M.; Evans, M. J.; Furneaux, K. L.; Hopkins, J.; Ingham, T.; Jones, C.; Lee, J. D.; Lewis, A. C.; Moller, S. J.; Stone, D.; Whalley, L. K.; Heard, D. E. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2013, 13, 9497. doi: 10.5194/acp-13-9497-2013
27. [27]
  Di Carlo, P.; Brune, W. H.; Martinez, M.; Harder, H.; Lesher, R.; Ren, X. R.; Thornberry, T.; Carroll, M. A.; Young, V.; Shepson, P. B.; Riemer, D.; Apel, E.; Campbell, C. Science. 2004, 304, 722. doi: 10.1126/science.1094392
28. [28]
  Ren, X.; Brune, W. H.; Oliger, A.; Metcalf, A. R.; Simpas, J. B.; Shirley, T.; Schwab, J. J.; Bai, C.; Roychowdhury, U.; Li, Y.; Cai, C.; Demerjian, K. L.; He, Y.; Zhou, X.; Gao, H.; Hou, J. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. 2006, 111, D10S03.
29. [29]
  Sinha, V.; Williams, J.; Lelieveld, J.; Ruuskanen, T. M.; Kajos, M. K.; Patokoski, J.; Hellen, H.; Hakola, H.; Mogensen, D.; Boy, M.; Rinne, J.; Kulmala, M. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2010, 44, 6614. doi: 10.1021/es101780b
30. [30]
  Nakashima, Y.; Kato, S.; Greenberg, J.; Harley, P.; Karl, T.; Turnipseed, A.; Apel, E.; Guenther, A.; Smith, J.; Kajii, Y. Atmos. Environ. 2014, 85, 1. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.11.042
31. [31]
  Kovacs, T. A.; Brune, W. H.; Harder, H.; Martinez, M.; Simpas, J. B.; Frost, G. J.; Williams, E.; Jobson, T.; Stroud, C.; Young, V.; Fried, A.; Wert, B. J. Environ. Monit. 2003, 5, 68. doi: 10.1039/b204339d
32. [32]
  Praplan, A. P.; Pfannerstill, E. Y.; Williams, J.; Hellen, H. Atmos. Environ. 2017, 169, 150. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2017.09.013
33. [33]
  Ren, X. R.; Harder, H.; Martinez, M.; Lesher, R. L.; Oliger, A.; Shirley, T.; Adams, J.; Simpas, J. B.; Brune, W. H. Atmos. Environ. 2003, 37, 3627. doi: 10.1016/S1352-2310(03)00460-6
34. [34]
  Shirley, T. R.; Brune, W. H.; Ren, X.; Mao, J.; Lesher, R.; Cardenas, B.; Volkamer, R.; Molina, L. T.; Molina, M. J.; Lamb, B.; Velasco, E.; Jobson, T.; Alexander, M. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2006, 6, 2753. doi: 10.5194/acp-6-2753-2006
35. [35]
  Mao, J.; Ren, X.; Chen, S.; Brune, W. H.; Chen, Z.; Martinez, M.; Harder, H.; Lefer, B.; Rappenglueck, B.; Flynn, J.; Leuchner, M. Atmos. Environ. 2010, 44, 4107. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.01.013
36. [36]
  Chatani, S.; Shimo, N.; Matsunaga, S.; Kajii, Y.; Kato, S.; Nakashima, Y.; Miyazaki, K.; Ishii, K.; Ueno, H. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2009, 9, 8975. doi: 10.5194/acp-9-8975-2009
37. [37]
  Kato, S.; Sato, T.; Kajii, Y. Atmos. Environ. 2011, 45, 5531. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.05.074
38. [38]
  Yoshino, A.; Nakashima, Y.; Miyazaki, K.; Kato, S.; Suthawaree, J.; Shimo, N.; Matsunaga, S.; Chatani, S.; Apel, E.; Greenberg, J.; Guenther, A.; Ueno, H.; Sasaki, H.; Hoshi, J.-Y.; Yokota, H.; Ishii, K.; Kajii, Y. Atmos. Environ. 2012, 49, 51. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2011.12.029
39. [39]
  Dolgorouky, C.; Gros, V.; Sarda-Esteve, R.; Sinha, V.; Williams, J.; Marchand, N.; Sauvage, S.; Poulain, L.; Sciare, J.; Bonsang, B. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2012, 12, 9593. doi: 10.5194/acp-12-9593-2012
40. [40]
  Fuchs, H.; Tan, Z.; Lu, K.; Bohn, B.; Broch, S.; Brown, S. S.; Dong, H.; Gomm, S.; Haeseler, R.; He, L.; Hofzumahaus, A.; Holland, F.; Li, X.; Liu, Y.; Lu, S.; Min, K.-E.; Rohrer, F.; Shao, M.; Wang, B.; Wang, M.; Wu, Y.; Zeng, L.; Zhang, Y.; Wahner, A.; Zhang, Y. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2017, 17, 645. doi: 10.5194/acp-17-645-2017
41. [41]
  Ren, X. R.; Brune, W. H.; Cantrell, C. A.; Edwards, G. D.; Shirley, T.; Metcalf, A. R.; Lesher, R. L. J. Atmos. Chem. 2005, 52, 231. doi: 10.1007/s10874-005-3651-7
42. [42]
  Sinha, V.; Williams, J.; Diesch, J. M.; Drewnick, F.; Martinez, M.; Harder, H.; Regelin, E.; Kubistin, D.; Bozem, H.; Hosaynali-Beygi, Z.; Fischer, H.; Andres-Hernandez, M. D.; Kartal, D.; Adame, J. A.; Lelieveld, J. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2012, 12, 7269. doi: 10.5194/acp-12-7269-2012
43. [43]
  Elshorbany, Y. F.; Kleffmann, J.; Hofzumahaus, A.; Kurtenbach, R.; Wiesen, P.; Brauers, T.; Bohn, B.; Dorn, H. P.; Fuchs, H.; Holland, F.; Rohrer, F.; Tillmann, R.; Wegener, R.; Wahner, A.; Kanaya, Y.; Yoshino, A.; Nishida, S.; Kajii, Y.; Martinez, M.; Kubistin, D.; Harder, H.; Lelieveld, J.; Elste, T.; Plass-Duelmer, C.; Stange, G.; Berresheim, H.; Schurath, U. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. 2012, 117, D03307.
44. [44]
  Leuchner, M.; Rappenglueck, B. Atmos. Environ. 2010, 44, 4056. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2009.02.029
45. [45]
  Haque, M. M.; Kawamura, K.; Kim, Y. Atmos. Environ.2016, 130, 95. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.09.075
46. [46]
  Guenther, A.; Hewitt, C. N.; Erickson, D.; Fall, R.; Geron, C.; Graedel, T.; Harley, P.; Klinger, L.; Lerdau, M.; Mckay, W. A.; Pierce, T.; Scholes, B.; Steinbrecher, R.; Tallamraju, R.; Taylor, J.; Zimmerman, P. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. 1995, 100, 8873. doi: 10.1029/94JD02950
47. [47]
  Fehsenfeld, F.; Calvert, J.; Fall, R.; Goldan, P.; Guenther, A.; Hewitt, C.; Lamb, B.; Liu, S.; Trainer, M.; Westberg, H.; Zimmerman, P. Global Biogeochem. Cycles. 1992, 6, 389. doi: 10.1029/92GB02125
48. [48]
  Atkinson, R.; Arey, J. Atmos. Environ.2003, 37, S197. doi: 10.1016/S1352-2310(03)00391-1
49. [49]
  Holzinger, R.; Lee, A.; Paw, K. T.; Goldstein, A. H. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2005, 5, 67. doi: 10.5194/acpd-4-5345-2004
50. [50]
  Mogensen, D.; Smolander, S.; Sogachev, A.; Zhou, L.; Sinha, V.; Guenther, A.; Williams, J.; Nieminen, T.; Kajos, M. K.; Rinne, J.; Kulmala, M.; Boy, M. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2011, 11, 9709. doi: 10.5194/acp-11-9709-2011
51. [51]
  Laothawornkitkul, J.; Taylor, J. E.; Paul, N. D.; Hewitt, C. N. New Phytol. 2009, 184, 276. doi: 10.1111/nph.2009.184.issue-1
52. [52]
  Yang. D.-J.; Bai, Y.-H.; Li, J.-L.; Pan, N.-M.; Yu, K.-H.; Tang, L.; Peng, L.-X.; Su, H. China Environ. Sci. 2001, 21, 422(in Chinese). doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6923.2001.05.009
53. [53]
  Peng, L.-X.; Tang, X.-Y.; Bai, Y.-H.; Li, J.-L. China Environ. Sci. 2000, 20, 132(in Chinese). doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-6923.2000.02.009
54. [54]
  Xu, T.-Y. Master Dissertation, Gansu Agricultural University, 2018(in Chinese).
55. [55]
  http://mcm.leeds.ac.uk/MCM/
56. [56]
  Lee, J. D.; Young, J. C.; Read, K. A.; Hamilton, J. F.; Hopkins, J. R.; Lewis, A. C.; Bandy, B. J.; Davey, J.; Edwards, P.; Ingham, T.; Self, D. E.; Smith, S. C.; Pilling, M. J.; Heard, D. E. J. Atmos. Chem. 2009, 64, 53. doi: 10.1007/s10874-010-9171-0
57. [57]
  Bai, J.-H; Guenther, A.; Turnipseed, A. J. Environ. Sci.-China 2012, 32, 2236(in Chinese).
58. [58]
  Fuchs, H.; Tan, Z.; Lu, K.; Bohn, B.; Broch, S.; Brown, S. S.; Dong, H.; Gomm, S.; Haeseler, R.; He, L.; Hofzumahaus, A.; Holland, F.; Li, X.; Liu, Y.; Lu, S.; Min, K.-E.; Rohrer, F.; Shao, M.; Wang, B.; Wang, M.; Wu, Y.; Zeng, L.; Zhang, Y.; Wahner, A.; Zhang, Y. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2017, 17, 645. doi: 10.5194/acp-17-645-2017
59. [59]
  Lu, K. D.; Hofzumahaus, A.; Holland, F.; Bohn, B.; Brauers, T.; Fuchs, H.; Hu, M.; Haeseler, R.; Kita, K.; Kondo, Y.; Li, X.; Lou, S. R.; Oebel, A.; Shao, M.; Zeng, L. M.; Wahner, A.; Zhu, T.; Zhang, Y. H.; Rohrer, F. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2013, 13, 1057. doi: 10.5194/acp-13-1057-2013
60. [60]
  Karl, T.; Guenther, A.; Turnipseed, A.; Tyndall, G.; Artaxo, P.; Martin, S. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2009, 9, 7753. doi: 10.5194/acp-9-7753-2009
61. [61]
  Kim, S.; Guenther, A.; Karl, T.; Greenberg, J. Atmos. Chem. Phys. 2011, 11, 8613. doi: 10.5194/acp-11-8613-2011
62. [62]
  Martinez, M.; Harder, H.; Kovacs, T. A.; Simpas, J. B.; Bassis, J.; Lesher, R.; Brune, W. H.; Frost, G. J.; Williams, E. J.; Stroud, C. A.; Jobson, B. T.; Roberts, J. M.; Hall, S. R.; Shetter, R. E.; Wert, B.; Fried, A.; Alicke, B.; Stutz, J.; Young, V. L.; White, A. B.; Zamora, R. J. J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. 2003, 108, 4617. doi: 10.1029/2003JD003551
63. [63]
  Wu, W.-R.; Yuan, X.-M.; Hou, H.; Wang, B.-S. Acta Chim. Sinica 2018, 76, 793(in Chinese). doi: 10.7503/cjcu20170561
1. [1]
  Lei Shi . Nucleophilicity and Electrophilicity of Radicals. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(11): 131-135. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202402018
2. [2]
  Quanliang Chen , Zhaohui Zhou . Research on the Active Site of Nitrogenase over Fifty Years. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(7): 287-293. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202310133
3. [3]
  Rong Tian , Yadi Yang , Naihao Lu . Comprehensive Experimental Design of Undergraduate Students Based on Interdisciplinarity: Study on the Effect of Quercetin on Chlorination Activity of Myeloperoxidase. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(8): 247-254. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202312064
4. [4]
  Haitang WANG , Yanni LING , Xiaqing MA , Yuxin CHEN , Rui ZHANG , Keyi WANG , Ying ZHANG , Wenmin WANG . Construction, crystal structures, and biological activities of two Ln^Ⅲ₃ complexes. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(8): 1474-1482. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240188
5. [5]
  Yukai Jiang , Yihan Wang , Yunkai Zhang , Yunping Wei , Ying Ma , Na Du . Characterization and Phase Diagram of Surfactant Lyotropic Liquid Crystal. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(4): 114-118. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202309033
6. [6]
  Jingjing QING , Fan HE , Zhihui LIU , Shuaipeng HOU , Ya LIU , Yifan JIANG , Mengting TAN , Lifang HE , Fuxing ZHANG , Xiaoming ZHU . Synthesis, structure, and anticancer activity of two complexes of dimethylglyoxime organotin. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(7): 1301-1308. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240003
7. [7]
  Chunmei GUO , Weihan YIN , Jingyi SHI , Jianhang ZHAO , Ying CHEN , Quli FAN . Facile construction and peroxidase-like activity of single-atom platinum nanozyme. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(9): 1633-1639. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240162
8. [8]
  Congying Lu , Fei Zhong , Zhenyu Yuan , Shuaibing Li , Jiayao Li , Jiewen Liu , Xianyang Hu , Liqun Sun , Rui Li , Meijuan Hu . Experimental Improvement of Surfactant Interface Chemistry: An Integrated Design for the Fusion of Experiment and Simulation. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(3): 283-293. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202308097
9. [9]
  Ping Song , Nan Zhang , Jie Wang , Rui Yan , Zhiqiang Wang , Yingxue Jin . Experimental Teaching Design on Synthesis and Antitumor Activity Study of Cu-Pyropheophorbide-a Methyl Ester. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(6): 278-286. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202310087
10. [10]
  Danqing Wu , Jiajun Liu , Tianyu Li , Dazhen Xu , Zhiwei Miao . Research Progress on the Simultaneous Construction of C—O and C—X Bonds via 1,2-Difunctionalization of Olefins through Radical Pathways. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(11): 146-157. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202403087
11. [11]
  Yuting Zhang , Zhiqian Wang . Methods and Case Studies for In-Depth Learning of the Aldol Reaction Based on Its Reversible Nature. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(7): 377-380. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202311037
12. [12]
  Feng Liang , Desheng Li , Yuting Jiang , Jiaxin Dong , Dongcheng Liu , Xingcan Shen . Method Exploration and Instrument Innovation for the Experiment of Colloid ζ Potential Measurement by Electrophoresis. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(5): 345-353. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202312009
13. [13]
  Xin MA , Ya SUN , Na SUN , Qian KANG , Jiajia ZHANG , Ruitao ZHU , Xiaoli GAO . A Tb₂ complex based on polydentate Schiff base: Crystal structure, fluorescence properties, and biological activity. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(7): 1347-1356. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20230357
14. [14]
  Xinting XIONG , Zhiqiang XIONG , Panlei XIAO , Xuliang NIE , Xiuying SONG , Xiuguang YI . Synthesis, crystal structures, Hirshfeld surface analysis, and antifungal activity of two complexes Na(Ⅰ)/Cd(Ⅱ) assembled by 5-bromo-2-hydroxybenzoic acid ligands. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(9): 1661-1670. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240145
15. [15]
  Jianjun LI , Mingjie REN , Lili ZHANG , Lingling ZENG , Huiling WANG , Xiangwu MENG . UV-assisted degradation of tetracycline hydrochloride by MnFe₂O₄@activated carbon activated persulfate. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(10): 1869-1880. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240187
16. [16]
  Jiajia Li , Xiangyu Zhang , Zhihan Yuan , Zhengyang Qian , Jian Zhu . 3D Printing Based on Photo-Induced Reversible Addition-Fragmentation Chain Transfer Polymerization. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(5): 11-19. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202309073
17. [17]
  Zijian Zhao , Yanxin Shi , Shicheng Li , Wenhong Ruan , Fang Zhu , Jijun Jiang . A New Exploration of the Preparation of Polyacrylic Acid by Free Radical Polymerization Based on the Concept of Green Chemistry. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(5): 315-324. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202311094
18. [18]
  Lijun Dong , Pengcheng Du , Guangnong Lu , Wei Wang . Exploration and Practice of Independent Design Experiments in Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry: A Case Study of “Preparation and Composition Analysis of Tetraammine Copper(II) Sulfate”. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(4): 361-366. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202310041
19. [19]
  Yinuo Wang , Siran Wang , Yilong Zhao , Dazhen Xu . Selective Synthesis of Diarylmethyl Anilines and Triarylmethanes via Multicomponent Reactions: Introduce a Comprehensive Experiment of Organic Chemistry. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(8): 324-330. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202401063
20. [20]
  Yiying Yang , Dongju Zhang . Elucidating the Concepts of Thermodynamic Control and Kinetic Control in Chemical Reactions through Theoretical Chemistry Calculations: A Computational Chemistry Experiment on the Diels-Alder Reaction. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(3): 327-335. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202309074

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Metrics

PDF Downloads(42)
Abstract views(2001)
HTML views(593)

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142