Citation: Zhu Xin, Zhu Kai, Sun Bangjin, Fan Jian, Zhou Yi, Song Bo. Comprehensive Study of the Effect of DPE Additive on Photovoltaic Performance of 5, 6-Difluoro-benzo[1, 2, 5]thiadiazole Based Donor-acceptor Copolymers[J]. Acta Chimica Sinica, ;2017, 75(5): 464-472. doi: 10.6023/A17020074 shu

Comprehensive Study of the Effect of DPE Additive on Photovoltaic Performance of 5, 6-Difluoro-benzo[1, 2, 5]thiadiazole Based Donor-acceptor Copolymers

Zhu Xin ^a,† ,
Zhu Kai ^b,† ,
Sun Bangjin ^a ,
Fan Jian ^a,*,, ,
Zhou Yi ^b ,
Song Bo ^b,*,,

a.
College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
b.
Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), and Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China

Corresponding author: Fan Jian, jianfan@suda.edu.cn Song Bo, songbo@suda.edu.cn
Received Date: 23 February 2017

Fund Project: the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China BK20161211the National Natural Science Foundation of China 91333204Soochow University, the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions PAPDthe Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province of China BK20151216the National Natural Science Foundation of China 21472135the National Natural Science Foundation of China 51673139the Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology CIC-Nanothe National Natural Science Foundation of China 51303118

Figures(6)

Three donor-acceptor polymers PBT2F-TT-a, PBT2F-TT and PBT2F-Se were synthesized via Stille cross-coupling reaction with 5, 6-difluoro-benzo[1, 2, 5]thiadiazole as the acceptor, and 2, 5-bis-(2-octyl-dodecyloxy)-1, 4-di(thieno[3, 2-b]thiophen-2-yl)-benzene and 2, 5-bis-(2-octyl-dodecyloxy)-1, 4-di(selenophen-2-yl)-benzene as the donors. The conjugated backbones of these polymers were decorated with alkoxyl groups to achieve the chain planarity through S…O and Se…O intramolecular interactions. Furthermore, the intramolecular F…H interaction was helpful to minimize the torsional angles. These three polymers were characterized by UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, thermal gravimetric analysis, cyclic voltammetry, gel permeation chromatography and elemental analysis. All the polymers showed intense absorption in the visible range and demonstrated suitable E_LUMO and E_HOMO, which match well with the fullerene-based acceptor. Thus these three polymers were applied as donors and incorporated with PC₇₁BM as active materials in bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells (PSCs). Polymers PBT2F-TT-a and PBT2F-TT are constructed with the same monomers and the latter has a high molecular weight. A notable enhancement in PCE from 3.48% to 4.22% was observed as the molecular weight was increased from 6.79 kDa (PBT2F-TT-a) to 10.36 kDa (PBT2F-TT). The effect of diphenyl ether (DPE) additive on photovoltaic performance of PSCs based on these polymers has been comprehensively investigated by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), alternating current impedance spectrometry (ACIS), space-charge-limited current (SCLC) analysis and short circuit current density -light intensity (J_SC-P_light) measurement. As revealed by AFM and TEM measurement, PBT2F-Se:PC₇₁BM blend with DPE exhibited a nanoscale phase separation dominated with fibrillar structures. On the other hand, the charge carrier mobilities of these blend films were greatly increased after the addition of DPE, giving rise to enhanced photovoltaic performances. Furthermore, the dramatic increase in J_SC of PBT2F-Se-based devices should also benefit from the well-balanced hole and electron mobilities as revealed by SCLC results. Interestingly, J_SC-P_light measurement suggested the weak bimolecular recombination for these devices without and with the addition of DPE. PSCs based on PBT2F-TT-a, PBT2F-TT, and PBT2F-Se showed good power conversion efficiency. Particularly, PBT2F-Se: PC₇₁BM blend with DPE exhibited a good device performance with J_SC of 10.75 mA/cm², V_OC of 0.72 V and PCE of 4.18%.
- polymer solar cells,
- diphenyl ether,
- fluorinated acceptor,
- intra-chain interaction,
- balanced charge transportation
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