Citation: SHEN Xiangyan, HE Jianjiang, WANG Ning, HUANG Changshui. Graphdiyne for Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, ;2018, 34(9): 1029-1047. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201801122 shu

Graphdiyne for Electrochemical Energy Storage Devices

1.
Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, Shandong Province, P. R. China
2.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China

Corresponding author: HUANG Changshui, huangcs@qibebt.ac.cn
Received Date: 6 December 2017
Revised Date: 8 January 2018
Accepted Date: 9 January 2018
Available Online: 12 September 2018
Fund Project: The project was supported by the Hundred Talents Program and Frontier Science Research Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (QYZDB-SSW-JSC052) and the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province for Distinguished Young Scholars, China (JQ201610)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province for Distinguished Young Scholars, China JQ201610the Hundred Talents Program and Frontier Science Research Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences QYZDB-SSW-JSC052

Electrochemicalenergy storage devices are becoming increasingly important in modern societyfor efficient energy storage. The use of these devices is mainly dependent onthe electrode materials. As a newly discovered carbon allotrope, graphdiyne(GDY) is a two-dimensional full-carbon material. Its wide interlayer distance(0.365 nm), large specific surface area, special three-dimensional porousstructure (18-C hexagon pores), and high conductivity make it a potentialelectrode material in energy storage devices. In this paper, based on thefacile synthesis method and the unique porous structure of GDY, theapplications of GDY in energy storage devices have been discussed in detailfrom the aspects of both theoretical predictions and recent experimentaldevelopments. The Li/Na migration and storage in mono-layered and bulk GDYindicate that GDY-based batteries have excellent theoretical Li/Na storagecapacity. The maximal Li storage capacity in mono-layered GDY is LiC₃(744 mAh∙g^-1). The experimental Li storage capacity of GDY issimilar to theoretical predictions. The experimental Li storage capacity of athick GDY film is close to that of mono-layered GDY' (744 mAh∙g^-1).A thin GDY film with double-side storage model has two-times the Li storagecapacity (1480 mAh∙g^-1) of mono-layered GDY. Powder GDY has lower Listorage capacity than GDY film. The maximal Na storage capacity in GDYcorresponds to NaC_5.14 (316 mAh∙g^-1), and mono-layeredGDY possesses higher theoretical Na storage capacity (NaC_2.57). Theexperimental Na storage capacity (261 mAh∙g^-1) is similar to itstheoretical value. Besides, GDY as electrode material, applied in metal-sulfurbatteries, presents excellent electrochemical performance (in Li-S battery: 0.1C, 949.2 mAh∙g^-1; in Mg-S battery: 50 mA∙g^-1, 458.9 mAh∙g^-1).This ingenious design presents a new way for the preparation of carbon-loadedsulfur. GDY electrode material is also successfully used in supercapacitors, including the traditional supercapacitor, Li-ion capacitors, and Na-ioncapacitors. The traditional supercapacitor with GDY as the electrode material showsgood double layer capacitance and pseudo-capacitance. Both Li-ion capacitor(100.3 W∙kg^-1, 110.7 Wh∙kg^-1) and Na-ion capacitor (300W∙kg^-1, 182.3 Wh∙kg^-1) possess high power and energydensities. Moreover, the effects of synthesis of GDY nanostructure, heattreatment of GDY, and atom-doping in GDY on the performance of electrochemicalenergy storage will be introduced and discussed. The results indicate that GDYhas great potential for application in different energy storage devices as anefficient electrode material.
- Graphdiyne,
- Electrochemical energy storage devices,
- Li storage,
- Na storage,
- Metal-sulphur battery,
- Supercapacitor
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