Citation: SUN Liang-Wei, LI Xin-Li, TANG Cong-Ming. Comparative Study on Catalytic Performance of the Production of 2,3-Pentanedione from Lactic Acid Condensation over SiO₂-Supported Alkali Metal Nitrates[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, ;2016, 32(9): 2327-2336. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201606225 shu

Comparative Study on Catalytic Performance of the Production of 2,3-Pentanedione from Lactic Acid Condensation over SiO₂-Supported Alkali Metal Nitrates

Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, Sichuan Province, P. R. China

Received Date: 12 April 2016
Revised Date: 22 June 2016

Fund Project: The project was supported by the Scientific Research Fund of Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China (CSPC-2014-3-1), Scientific Research Fund of ChinaWest Normal University, China (12B019), and Scientific Research Fund of Sichuan Provincial Educational Department, China (16ZA0175).

The production of 2,3-pentanedione from lactic acid over SiO₂-supported alkali metal nitrates under various conditions was investigated. Using nitrate (NO₃^-) as the anion, the effect of alkali metal cations on Claisen condensation of lactic acid into 2,3-pentanedione was focused on. Among precursors such as LiNO₃, NaNO₃, KNO₃, and CsNO₃, CsNO₃ displayed the best catalytic performance. Characterization of the fresh and used catalysts by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy revealed that all MNO₃ (M = Li, Na, K, Cs) salts were transformed into alkali metal lactates during the reaction. Alkali metal lactates were identified as active species for catalytic Claisen condensation of lactic acid into 2,3-pentanedione. CO₂ temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) results of the used catalysts showed that the CsNO₃/SiO₂ catalyst was the most alkaline. For that reason, the CsNO₃/SiO₂ catalyst displayed the highest catalytic performance of those examined. The effects of reaction temperature and loading amount of CsNO₃ on reaction performance were also discussed. Over the 4.4% (x, molar fraction) CsNO₃/SiO₂ catalyst, a 54.1% yield of 2,3-pentanedione was achieved at 300 ℃.
- Lactic acid,
- 2,3-Pentanedione,
- Condensation,
- Alkali metal nitrate,
- Lactate
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Comparative Study on Catalytic Performance of the Production of 2,3-Pentanedione from Lactic Acid Condensation over SiO₂-Supported Alkali Metal Nitrates