Citation: LIU Bai-Quan, GAO Dong-Yu, WANG Jian-Bin, WANG Xi, WANG Lei, ZOU Jian-Hua, NING Hong-Long, PENG Jun-Biao. Progress of White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, ;2015, 31(10): 1823-1852. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201506192 shu

Progress of White Organic Light-Emitting Diodes

1.
1 State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China;
2 New Vision Opto-Electronic Technology Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 510530, P. R. China

Received Date: 27 March 2015
Available Online: 19 June 2015
Fund Project: 国家重点基础研究发展规划项目(973) (2015CB655000) (973) (2015CB655000) 国家自然科学基金(51173049, 61401156) (51173049, 61401156) 广东省引进创新科研团队计划(201101C0105067115) (201101C0105067115) 广东省教育厅重点课题(2014KZDXM010, 2014GKXM012) (2014KZDXM010, 2014GKXM012) 中国科学院红外物理国家重点实验室开放课题(M201406) (M201406)广州市科技计划(2013Y2-00114)资助 (2013Y2-00114)

White organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) are now approaching mainstream display markets, and they are also being aggressively investigated for next-generation lighting applications because of their extraordinary characteristics, such as high efficiency, high luminance, lower power consumption, wide viewing angle, fast switching, ultralight weight, and flexibility. In this paper, we first introduce the various approaches to realize WOLEDs, and then summarize the properties and differences of the four types of WOLEDs from the perspective of the emitting materials. The recent development of fluorescent, phosphorescent, fluorescent/ phosphorescent hybrid, and delayed fluorescence WOLEDs is comprehensively illustrated. By combining with our published works, we systematically review the device structures, design strategies, working mechanisms, physical theories, and electroluminescent processes of the reported WOLEDs. Then, the development of flexible WOLED is presented. Finally, the existing problems and trends of WOLEDs are discussed.
- Organic light-emitting diode,
- White light,
- Display,
- Lighting,
- Flexibility,
- Luminous material,
- Device structure
1. [1]
  
  (1) Tang, C. W.; VanSlyke, V. A. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1987, 51, 913. doi: 10.1063/1.98799
2. [2]
  (2) Burroughes, J. H.; Bradley, D. D. C.; Brown, A. R.; Marks, R. N.; Mackay, K.; Friend, R. H.; Burns, P. L.; Homes, A. B. Nature 1990, 1990, 539. doi: 10.1038/347539a0
3. [3]
  (3) Ying, L.; Ho, C. L.; Wu, H.; Cao, Y.; Wong, W. Y. Adv. Mater. 2014, 26, 2459. doi: 10.1002/adma.v26.16
4. [4]
  (4) Wu, H.; Ying, L.; Yang, W.; Cao, Y. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2009, 38, 3391. doi: 10.1039/b816352a
5. [5]
  (5) Xu, Y. H.; Peng, J. B.; Cao, Y. Prog. Chem. 2006, 18 (4), 389. [许运华, 彭俊彪, 曹镛. 化学进展, 2006, 18 (4), 389.]
6. [6]
  (6) Fan, C.; Yang, C. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2014, 43, 6439. doi: 10.1039/C4CS00110A
7. [7]
  (7) Tao, Y.; Yang, C.; Qin, J. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2011, 40, 2943. doi: 10.1039/c0cs00160k
8. [8]
  (8) Wang, X. P.; Mi, B. X.; Gao, Z. Q.; Guo, Q.; Huang, W. Acta Phys. Sin. 2011, 60 (8), 087808. [王旭鹏, 密保秀, 高志强, 郭晴, 黄维. 物理学报, 2011, 60 (8), 087808.]
9. [9]
  (9) Wang, Q.; Ma, D. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2010, 39, 2387. doi: 10.1039/b909057f
10. [10]
  (10) Wang, Q.; Ma, D. G. Chinese Journal of Liquid Cristals and Displays 2009, 24 (5), 617. [王琦, 马东阁. 液晶与显示, 2009, 24 (5), 617.]
11. [11]
  (11) Mei, Q. B.; Weng, J. N.; Tong, B. H.; Tian, R. Q.; Jiang, Y. Z.; Hua, Q. F.; Huang, W. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2014, 30 (4), 589. [梅群波, 翁洁娜, 童碧海, 田汝强, 蒋渊知, 华庆芳, 黄维. 物理化学学报, 2014, 30 (4), 589.] doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201402182
12. [12]
  (12) Tang, P.; Xiao, J. J.; Zheng, C.; Wang, S.; Chen, R. F. Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2013, 29 (4), 667. [汤鹏, 肖坚坚, 郑超, 王石, 陈润锋. 物理化学学报, 2013, 29(4), 667.] doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201302062
13. [13]
  (13) Kido, J.; Hongawa, K.; Okuyama, K.; Nagai, K. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1994, 64, 815. doi: 10.1063/1.111023
14. [14]
  (14) Yamae, K.; Kittichungchit, V.; Ide, N.; Ota, M.; Komoda, T. SID 2014 Digest 2014, 682.
15. [15]
  (15) Hiyama, K.; Ito, H.; Okubo, Y.; Kita, H. SID 2014 Digest 2014, 679.
16. [16]
  (16) http://www.l ledlight.com/index.do. (accessed Feb 05, 2015).
17. [17]
  (17) Reineke, S.; Lindner, F.; Schwartz, G.; Seidler, S.; Walzer, K.; Lussem, B.; Leo, K. Nature 2009, 459, 234. doi: 10.1038/nature08003
18. [18]
  (18) Duan, L.; Zhang, D. Q.; Wu, K. W.; Huang, X. Q.; Wang, L. D.; Qiu, Y. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2011, 21, 3540. doi: 10.1002/adfm.201100943
19. [19]
  (19) Jou, J. H.; Shen, S. M.; Lin, C. R.; Wang, Y. S.; Chou, Y. C.; Chen, S. Z.; Jou, Y. C. Org. Electron. 2011, 12, 865. doi: 10.1016/j.orgel.2011.02.012
20. [20]
  (20) Kalinowski, J.; Cocchi, M.; Virgili, D.; Fattori, V.; Williams, J. A. Adv. Mater. 2007, 19, 4000.
21. [21]
  (21) Zhou, G.; Wong, W. Y.; Suo, S. J. Photochem. Photobiol. C: Photochem. Rev. 2010, 11, 133. doi: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2011.01.001
22. [22]
  (22) Yang, X.; Zhou, G.; Wong, W. Y. J. Mater. Chem. C 2014, 2, 1760. doi: 10.1039/c3tc31953a
23. [23]
  (23) Liu, B.; Wang, L.; Zou, J.; Tao, H.; Su, Y.; Gao, D.; Xu, M.; Lan, L.; Peng, J. Synth. Met. 2013, 184, 5. doi: 10.1016/j.synthmet.2013.09.023
24. [24]
  (24) Zhao, F.; Zhang, Z.; Liu, Y.; Dai, Y.; Chen, J.; Ma, D. Org. Electron. 2012, 13, 1049. doi: 10.1016/j.orgel.2012.03.005
25. [25]
  (25) Yu, J.; Lin, H.; Wang, F.; Lin,Y.; Zhang, J.; Zhang, H.; Wang, Z.; Wei, B. J. Chem. Mater. 2012, 22, 22097. doi: 10.1039/c2jm34763f
26. [26]
  (26) Chen, S.; Wu, Q.; Kong, M.; Zhao, X.; Yu, Z.; Jia, P.; Huang, W. J. Chem. Mater. C 2013, 1, 3508. doi: 10.1039/c3tc00766a
27. [27]
  (27) D'Andrade, B. W.; Thompson, M. E.; Forrest, S. R. Adv. Mater. 2002, 14, 147.
28. [28]
  (28) Forrest, S. R.; Bradley, D. D. C.; Thompson, M. E. Adv. Mater. 2003, 15, 1043. doi: 10.1002/adma.200302151
29. [29]
  (29) VanSlyke, S. A.; Chen, C. H.; Tang, C. W. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1996, 69, 2160. doi: 10.1063/1.117151
30. [30]
  (30) Féry, C.; Racine, B.; Vaufrey, D.; Doyeux, H.; Cinà. S. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2005, 87, 213502. doi: 10.1063/1.2133922
31. [31]
  (31) Chu, T. Y.; Chen, J. F.; Chen, S. Y.; Chen, C. H. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2006, 89, 113502. doi: 10.1063/1.2348089
32. [32]
  (32) Yu, J. N.; Zhang, M. Y.; Li, C.; Shang, Y. Z.; Lv, Y. F.; Wei, B.; Huang, W. Chin. Phys. B 2012, 21, 083303. doi: 10.1088/1674-1056/21/8/083303
33. [33]
  (33) Kido, J.; Shionoya, H.; Nagai, K. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1995, 67, 2281. doi: 10.1063/1.115126
34. [34]
  (34) Zhang, B.; Tan, G.; Lam, C. S.; Yao, B.; Ho, C. L.; Liu, L.; Xie, Z.; Wong, W. Y.; Ding, J.; Wang, L. Adv. Mater. 2012, 24, 1873. doi: 10.1002/adma.v24.14
35. [35]
  (35) Zou, J.; Wu, H.; Lam, C. S.; Wang, C.; Zhu, J.; Zhong, C.; Hu, S.; Ho, C. L.; Zhou, G. J.; Wu, H. B.; Choy, W. C. H.; Peng, J.; Cao, Y.; Wong, W. Y. Adv. Mater. 2011, 23, 2976. doi: 10.1002/adma.v23.26
36. [36]
  (36) Zou, J.; Liu, J.; Wu, H.; Yang, W.; Peng, J.; Cao, Y. Org. Electron. 2009, 10, 843. doi: 10.1016/j.orgel.2009.04.007
37. [37]
  (37) Yu, L.; Hu, S.; He, R.; Yang, W.; Wu, H.; Peng, J.; Xia, R.; Bradley, D. D. C. Adv. Fuct. Mater. 2013, 23, 4366. doi: 10.1002/adfm.v23.35
38. [38]
  (38) Wu, H.; Zou, J.; Liu, F.; Wang, L.; Mikhailovsky, A.; Bazan, G. C.; Yang, W.; Cao, Y. Adv. Mater. 2008, 20, 696.
39. [39]
  (39) Kido, J.; Kimura, M.; Nagai, K. Science 1995, 267, 1332. doi: 10.1126/science.267.5202.1332
40. [40]
  (40) Cao, J.; Liu, X.; Zhang, X. B.; Ji, F. X.; Zhu, W. Q.; Jiang, X. Y.; Zhang, Z. L.; Xu, S. H. Acta Phys. Sin. 2007, 56 (2), 1088. [曹进, 刘向, 张晓波, 委福祥, 朱文清, 姜雪茵, 张志琳, 许少鸿. 物理学报, 2007, 56 (2), 1088.]
41. [41]
  (41) Cao, J.; Jiang, X. Y.; Zhang, Z. L. Acta Phys. Sin. 2007, 56 (6), 3493. [曹进, 姜雪茵, 张志琳. 物理学报, 2007, 56 (6), 3493.]
42. [42]
  (42) Dodabalapur, A.; Rothberg, L. J.; Miller, T. M. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1994, 65, 2308. doi: 10.1063/1.112726
43. [43]
  (43) Hsu, S. F.; Lee, C. C.; Hwang, S. W.; Chen, C. H. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2005, 86, 253508. doi: 10.1063/1.1953883
44. [44]
  (44) Liu, C.; Liu, S.; Tien, K.; Hsu, M.; Chang, H.; Chang, C.; Yang, C.; Wu, C. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2009, 94, 103302. doi: 10.1063/1.3097354
45. [45]
  (45) Thomschke, M.; Reineke, S.; Lussem, B.; Leo, K. Nano Lett. 2012, 12, 424. doi: 10.1021/nl203743p
46. [46]
  (46) Schlotter, P.; Schmidt, R.; Schneider, J. Appl. Phys. A: Mater. Sci. Process A 1997, 64, 417. doi: 10.1007/s003390050498
47. [47]
  (47) Duggal, A. R.; Shiang, J. J.; Heller, C. M.; Foust, D. F. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2002, 80, 3470. doi: 10.1063/1.1478786
48. [48]
  (48) Krummacher, B. C.; Choong, V. Mathai, M. K.; Choulis, S. A.; So, F.; Jermann, F.; Fiedler, T.; Zachau, M. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2006, 88, 113506. doi: 10.1063/1.2186080
49. [49]
  (49) Ji, W.; Zhang, L.; Gao, R.; Zhang, L.; Xie, W.; Zhang, H.; Li, B. Opt. Express 2008, 16 (20), 15489. doi: 10.1364/OE.16.015489
50. [50]
  (50) hri, V.; Hofmann, S.; Reineke, S.; Rosenow, T.; Thomschke, M.; Levichkova, M.; Lussem, B.; Leo, K. Org. Electron. 2011, 12, 2126. doi: 10.1016/j.orgel.2011.09.002
51. [51]
  (51) Lee, J.; Chopra, N.; Bera, D.; Maslow, S.; Eom, S. H.; Zheng, Y.; Holloway, P.; Xue, J.; So, F. Adv. Energy Mater. 2011, 1, 174. doi: 10.1002/aenm.201000014
52. [52]
  (52) Kido, J.; Matsumoto, T.; Nakada, T.; Endo, J.; Mori, K.; Kawamura, N.; Yokoi, A. Dig. Tech. Pap. -Soc. Inf. Disp. Int. Symp. 2003, 34, 964. doi: 10.1889/1.1832444
53. [53]
  (53) Ding, L.; Tang, X.; Xu, M. F.; Shi, X. B.; Wang, Z. K.; Liao, L. S. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2014, 6 (20), 18228.
54. [54]
  (54) Ding, L.; Sun, Y. Q.; Chen, H.; Zu, F. S.; Wang, Z. K.; Liao, L. S. J. Mater. Chem. C 2014, 2, 10403. doi: 10.1039/C4TC02082K
55. [55]
  (55) Liu, J.; Wang, J.; Huang, S.; Shi, X.; Wu, X.; He, G. Org. Electron. 2013, 14, 1337. doi: 10.1016/j.orgel.2013.02.035
56. [56]
  (56) Chen, Y.; Ma, D. J. Mater. Chem. 2012, 22, 18718. doi: 10.1039/c2jm32246c
57. [57]
  (57) Guo, F.; Ma, D. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2005, 87, 173510. doi: 10.1063/1.2120898
58. [58]
  (58) Chang, C. C.; Chen, J. F.; Hwang, S. W.; Chen, C. H. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2005, 87, 253501. doi: 10.1063/1.2147730
59. [59]
  (59) Son, Y. H.; Kim, Y. J.; Park, M. J.; Oh, H. Y.; Park, J. S.; Yang, J. H.; Suh, M. C.; Kwon, J. H. J. Mater. Chem. C 2013, 1, 5008. doi: 10.1039/c3tc30671b
60. [60]
  (60) Gebler, D. D.; Wang, Y. Z.; Blatchford, J. W.; Jessen, S. W.; Fu, D. K.; Swager, T. M.; MacDiarmid, A. G.; Epstein, A. J. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1997, 70, 1644. doi:10.1063/1.118657
61. [61]
  (61) Chao, C. I.; Chen, S. A. Appl. Phys. Lett. 1998, 73, 426. doi: 10.1063/1.121888
62. [62]
  (62) Feng, J.; Li, F.; Gao, W.; Liu, S.; Liu, Y.; Wang, Y. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2001, 78, 3947. doi: 10.1063/1.1379788
63. [63]
  (63) Liu, Y.; Guo, J.; Zhang, H.; Wang, Y. Angew. Chem. Int. Edit. 2002, 41 (1), 182 doi: 10.1002/1521-3773(20020104)41:1%3C%3E1.0.CO;2-5
64. [64]
  (64) Hung, W. Y.; Fang, G. C.; Lin, S. W.; Cheng, S. H.; Wong, K. T.; Kuo, T. Y.; Chou, P. T. Sci. Rep. 2014, 4, 5161.
65. [65]
  (65) Bai, F. L. Chemistry 1985, 6, 31. [白凤莲. 化学通报, 1985, 6, 31.].
66. [66]
  (66) D'Andrade, B. W.; Brooks, J.; Adamovich, V.; Thompson, M. E.; Forrest, S. R. Adv. Mater. 2002, 14, 1032. doi: 10.1002/1521-4095(20020805)14:15%3C1032::AID-ADMA1032%3E3.0.CO;2-6
67. [67]
  (67) Adamovich, V.; Brooks, J.; Tamayo, A.; Alexander, A. M.; Djurovich, P. I.; D'Andrade, B. W.; Adachi, C.; Forrest, S. R.; Thompson, M. E. New. J. Chem. 2002, 26, 1171. doi:10.1039/b204301g
68. [68]
  (68) Fleetham, T.; Ecton, J.; Wang, Z.; Bakken, N.; Li, J. Adv. Mater. 2013, 25, 2573. doi: 10.1002/adma.201204602
69. [69]
  (69) Duan, Y.; Mazzeo, M.; Maiorano, V.; Qin, D.; Cin lani, R.; Gigli, G. J. Appl. Phys. 2008, 92, 113304.
70. [70]
  (70) Khan, M. A.; Xu, W.; Cao, J.; Bai, Y.; Zhu, W. Q.; Jiang, X. Y.; Zhang, Z. L. Displays 2007, 28, 26. doi: 10.1016/j.displa.2006.11.003
71. [71]
  (71) Wang, J.; Zhang, F.; Zhang, J.; Tang, W.; Tang, A.; Peng, H.; Xu, Z.; Teng, F.; Wang, Y. J. Phototech. Photobiol. C 2013, 17, 69. doi: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2013.08.001
72. [72]
  (72) Chen, J.; Zhao, F.; Ma, D. Mater. Today 2014, 17 (4), 175. doi: 10.1016/j.mattod.2014.04.002
73. [73]
  (73) Zhao, F. C.; Chen, Y. H.; Wang, Q.; Ma, D. G. Scientia Sinica Chimica 2013, 43 (4), 398. [赵方超, 陈永华, 王琦, 马东阁. 中国科学: 化学, 2013, 43 (4), 398.] doi:10.1360/032013-51
74. [74]
  (74) Rosenow, T. C.; Furno, M.; Reineke, S.; Olthof, S.; Lussem, B.; Leo, K. J. Appl. Phys. 2010, 108, 113113. doi: 10.1063/1.3516481
75. [75]
  (75) Uoyama, H.; ushi, K.; Shizu, K.; Nomura, H.; Adachi, C. Nature 2012, 492, 234. doi: 10.1038/nature11687
76. [76]
  (76) Zhang, Q.; Li, J.; Shizu, K.; Huang, S.; Hirata, S.; Miyazaki, H.; Adachi, C. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2012, 134, 14706. doi: 10.1021/ja306538w
77. [77]
  (77) Nomura, H.; Masui, K.; Nishide, J.; Shibata, T.; Adachi, C. Sci. Rep. 2013, 3, 2127.
78. [78]
  (78) Chuen, C. H.; Tao, Y. T. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2002, 81, 4499. doi: 10.1063/1.1528736
79. [79]
  (79) Chuen, C. H.; Tao, Y. T.; Wu, F. I.; Shu, S. F. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2004, 85, 4609. doi: 10.1063/1.1824178
80. [80]
  (80) Li, G.; Shinar, J. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2003, 83, 5359. doi: 10.1063/1.1635658
81. [81]
  (81) Fadhel, O.; Gras, M.; Lemaitre, N; Deborde, V.; Hissler, M.; Geffroy, R. R. Adv. Mater. 2009, 21, 1261. doi: 10.1002/adma.v21:12
82. [82]
  (82) Chang, M. Y.; Wu, C. C.; Lin, S. C.; Chen, Y. F. J. Electronchem. Soc. 2009, 156 (1), J1.
83. [83]
  (83) Kim, N. H.; Kim, Y. H.; Yoon, J. A.; Lee, S. Y.; Ryu, D. H.; Wood, R.; Moon, C. B.; Kim, W. Y. J. Lumin. 2013, 143, 723. doi: 10.1016/j.jlumin.2013.05.048
84. [84]
  (84) Cheon, K. O.; Shinar, J. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2002, 81, 1738. doi: 10.1063/1.1498500
85. [85]
  (85) Ho, M.; Hsu, S.; Ma, J.; Hwang, S.; Yeh, P.; Chen, C. H. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2007, 91, 113518. doi: 10.1063/1.2784971
86. [86]
  (86) Yang, Y.; Peng, T.; Ye, K.; Wu, Y.; Liu, Y.; Wang, W. Org. Electron. 2011, 12, 29. doi: 10.1016/j.orgel.2010.10.006
87. [87]
  (87) Zhang, S.; Xie, G.; Xue, Q.; Zhang, Z.; Zhao, L.; Luo, Y.; Yue, S.; Zhao, Y.; Liu, S. Thin Solid Films 2012, 520, 2966. doi: 10.1016/j.tsf.2011.10.148
88. [88]
  (88) Baldo, M. A.; O'Brien, D. F.; Thompson, M. E.; Forrest, S. R. Phys. Rev. B 1999, 60, 14422. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.60.14422
89. [89]
  (89) Ma, Y.; Zhang, H.; Shen, J.; Che, C. Synthetic Met. 1998, 94, 245. doi: 10.1016/S0379-6779(97)04166-0
90. [90]
  (90) Baldo, M. A.; O'Brien, D. F.; You, Y.; Shoustikov, A.; Sibley, S.; D. F.; Thompson, M. E.; Forrest, S. R. Nature 1998, 395, 151. doi: 10.1038/25954
91. [91]
  (91) D'Andrade, B. W.; Holmes, R. J.; Forrest, S. R. Adv. Mater. 2004, 16, 624.
92. [92]
  (92) Wang, Q.; Ding, J.; Ma, D.; Cheng, Y.; Wang, L.; Jing, X.; Wang, F. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2009, 19, 84. doi: 10.1002/adfm.v19:1
93. [93]
  (93) Wang, Q.; Ding, J.; Zhang, Z.; Ma, D.; Cheng, Y.; Wang, L.; Wang, F. J. Appl. Phys. 2009, 105, 076101. doi: 10.1063/1.3106051
94. [94]
  (94) Zhao, X. H.; Zhang, Z. S.; Qian, Y.; Yi, M. D.; Xie, L. H.; Hu, C. P.; Xie, G. H.; Xu, H.; Han, C. M.; Zhao, Y.; Huang, W. J. Mater. Chem. C 2013, 1, 3482 doi: 10.1039/c3tc00875d
95. [95]
  (95) ng, S.; Chen, Y.; Luo, J.; Yang, C.; Zhong, C.; Qin, J.; Ma, D. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2011, 21, 1168. doi: 10.1002/adfm.201002066
96. [96]
  (96) Huang, H.; Yang, X.; Wang, Y.; Pan, B.; Wang, L.; Chen, J.; Ma, D.; Yang, C. Org. Electron. 2013, 14, 2573. doi: 10.1016/j.orgel.2013.06.011
97. [97]
  (97) Pan, B.; Wang, B.; Wang, Y.; Xu, P.; Wang, L.; Chen, J.; Ma, D. J. Mater. Chem. C 2014, 2, 2466. doi: 10.1039/c3tc32388a
98. [98]
  (98) Liu, B.; Wang, L.; Xu, M.; Tao, H.; Xia, X.; Zou, J.; Su, Y.; Gao, D.; Lan, L.; Peng, J. J. Mater. Chem. C 2014, 2, 5870.
99. [99]
  (99) Yu, X. M.; Kwok, H. S.; Wong, W. Y.; Zhou, G. J. Chem. Mater. 2006, 18, 5097. doi: 10.1021/cm061030p
100. [100]
  (100) Su, S. J.; nmori, E.; Sasabe, H.; Kido, J. Adv. Mater. 2008, 20, 4189.
101. [101]
  (101) Wang, Q.; Ding, J.; Ma, D.; Cheng, Y.; Wang, L.; Wang, F. Adv. Mater. 2009, 21, 2397. doi: 10.1002/adma.v21:23
102. [102]
  (102) Chang, Y. L.; Song, Y.; Wang, Z.; Helander, M. G.; Qiu, J.; Chai, L.; Liu, Z.; Scholes, G. D.; Lu, Z. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2013, 23, 705. doi: 10.1002/adfm.v23.6
103. [103]
  (103) Wang, L.; Lei, G. T.; Yi, X. H. Prog. Chem. 2008, 20 (7/8), 1050. [汪磊, 雷钢铁, 易晓华. 化学进展, 2008, 20 (7/8), 1050.]
104. [104]
  (104) Zhang, S.; Liu, Z.; Wang, X.; Yue, S.; Zhang, Z.; Wu, Q.; Xie, G.; Xue, Q.; Chen, Y.; Wang, P.; Guo, R.; Qu, D.; Zhao, Y.; Liu, S. Thin Solid Films 2013, 537, 221. doi:10.1016/j.tsf. 2013.04.036
105. [105]
  (105) Wang, X.; Zhang, S.; Liu, Z.; Yue, S.; Zhang, Z.; Chen, Y.; Xie, G.; Xue, Q.; Zhao, Y.; Liu, S. J. Lumin. 2013, 137, 59. doi: 10.1016/j.jlumin.2012.12.031
106. [106]
  (106) Liu, B.; Tao, H.; Su, Y. J.; Gao, D. Y.; Lan, L. F.; Zou, J. H.; Peng, J. B. Chin. Phys. B 2013, 22 (7), 077303.
107. [107]
  (107) Li, F.; Cheng, G.; Zhao, Y.; Feng, J.; Liu, S.; Zhang, M.; Ma, Y.; Shen, J. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2003, 83, 4716. doi: 10.1063/1.1632545
108. [108]
  (108) Qin, D.; Tao, Y. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2005, 86, 113507. doi: 10.1063/1.1879108
109. [109]
  (109) Xie, W.; Zhao, Y.; Li, C.; Liu, S. Semincond. Sci. Technol. 2005, 20, 326. doi: 10.1088/0268-1242/20/3/013
110. [110]
  (110) Li, J. F.; Chen, S. F.; Su, S. H.; Hwang, K. S.; Yokoyama, M. J. Electronchem. Soc. 2006, 153 (11), H195.
111. [111]
  (111) Sun, Y.; Giebink, N. C.; Kanno, H.; Ma, B.; Thompson, M. E.; Forrest, S. R. Nature 2006, 440, 908. doi: 10.1038/nature04645
112. [112]
  (112) Schwartz, G.; Fehse, K.; Pferiffer, M.; Walzer, K.; Leo, K. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2006, 89, 083509. doi: 10.1063/1.2338588
113. [113]
  (113) Yan, B. P.; Cheung, C. C. C.; Kui, S. C. F.; Xiang, H. F.; Roy, V. A. L.; Xu, S. J.; Che, C. M. Adv. Mater. 2007, 19, 3599.
114. [114]
  (114) Chen, P.; Xie, W.; Li, J.; Guan, T.; Duan, Y.; Zhao, Y.; Liu, S.; Ma, C.; Zhang, L.; Li, B. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2007, 91, 023505. doi: 10.1063/1.2757096
115. [115]
  (115) Ho, C. L.; Wong, W. Y.; Wang, Q.; Ma, D.; Wang, L.; Lin, Z. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2008, 18, 928.
116. [116]
  (116) You, H.; Ma, D. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 2008, 41, 155113. doi: 10.1088/0022-3727/41/15/155113
117. [117]
  (117) Zhou, G.; Yang, X.; Wong, W. Y.; Wang, Q.; Suo, S.; Ma, D.; Feng, J.; Wang, L. ChemPhysChem 2011, 12, 2836. doi: 10.1002/cphc.v12.15
118. [118]
  (118) Wang, Q.; Ho, C. L.; Zhao, Y.; Ma, D.; Wong, W. Y.; Wang, L. Org. Electron. 2010, 11, 238. doi: 10.1016/j.orgel.2009.11.001
119. [119]
  (119) Liu, B.; Xu, M.; Wang, L.; Su, Y.; Gao, D.; Tao, H.; Lan, L.; Zou, J.; Peng, J. Appl. Phys. Express 2013, 6, 122101. doi: 10.7567/APEX.6.122101
120. [120]
  (120) Liu, B.; Xu, M.; Wang, L.; Yan, X.; Tao, H.; Su, Y.; Gao, D.; Lan, L.; Zou, J.; Peng, J. Org. Electron. 2014, 15, 926. doi: 10.1016/j.orgel.2014.02.005
121. [121]
  (121) Yang, X. H.; Zheng, S. J.; Chae, H. S.; Li, S.; Mochizuki, A.; Jabbour, G. E. Org. Electron. 2013, 14, 2023. doi: 10.1016/j.orgel.2013.03.012
122. [122]
  (122) Liu, B.; Xu, M.; Wang, L.; Tao, H.; Su, Y.; Gao, D.; Lan, L.; Zou, J.; Peng, J. Phys. Status Solidi RRL 2014, 8 (8), 719.
123. [123]
  (123) Liu, B.; Wang, L.; Xu, M.; Tao, H.; Zou, J.; Gao, D.; Lan, L.; Ning, H.; Peng, J.; Cao, Y. Sci. Rep. 2014, 4, 7198. doi: 10.1038/srep07198
124. [124]
  (124) Wang, Y.; Hua, Y.; Wu, X.; Zhang, L.; Hou, Q.; Zhang, N.; Ma, L.; Cheng, X.; Yin, S. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2008, 93, 113302. doi: 10.1063/1.2976132
125. [125]
  (125) Leem, D. S.; Kim, J. W.; Jung, S. O.; Kim, S. O.; Kim, S. H.; Kim, K. Y.; Kim, Y. H.; Kwon, S. K.; Kim, J. J. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 2010, 43, 405102. doi: 10.1088/0022-3727/43/40/405102
126. [126]
  (126) Schwartz, G.; Ke, T. H.; Wu, C. C.; Walzer, K.; Leo, K. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2008, 93, 073304. doi: 10.1063/1.2973151
127. [127]
  (127) Schwartz, G.; Reineke, S.; Rosenow, T. C.; Walzer, K.; Leo, K. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2009, 19, 1319. doi: 10.1002/adfm.v19:9
128. [128]
  (128) Che, C. M.; Chan, S. C.; Xiang, H. F.; Chan, M. C. W.; Liu, Y.; Wang, Y. Chem. Commun. 2004, 1484.
129. [129]
  (129) Chen, Y.; Zhao, F.; Zhao, Y.; Chen, J.; Ma, D. Org. Electron. 2012, 13, 2807. doi: 10.1016/j.orgel.2012.08.031
130. [130]
  (130) Liu, B.; Xu, M.; Wang, L.; Zou, J.; Tao, H.; Su, Y.; Gao, D.; Ning, H.; Lan, L.; Peng, J. Org. Electron. 2014, 15, 2616. doi: 10.1016/j.orgel.2014.07.033
131. [131]
  (131) Schwartz, G.; Pferiffer, M.; Reineke, S.; Walzer, K.; Leo, K. Adv. Mater. 2007, 19, 3672.
132. [132]
  (132) Sun, N.; Wang, Q.; Zhao, Y.; Chen, Y.; Yang, D.; Zhao, F.; Chen, J.; Ma, D. Adv. Mater. 2014, 26, 1617. doi: 10.1002/adma.v26.10
133. [133]
  (133) Nishimoto, T.; Yasuda, T.; Lee, S. Y.; Kondo, R.; Adachi, C. Mater. Horiz. 2014, 1, 264. doi: 10.1039/C3MH00079F
134. [134]
  (134) Tao, Y.; Yuan, K.; Chen, T.; Xu, P.; Li, H.; Chen, R.; Zheng, C.; Zhang, L.; Huang, W. Adv. Mater. 2014, 26, 7931. doi: 10.1002/adma.v26.47
135. [135]
  (135) Yang, B.; Ma, Y. G. Scientia Sinica Chimica 2013, 43, 1457. [杨兵, 马於光. 中国科学: 化学, 2013, 43, 1457.]
136. [136]
  (136) Nishide, J.; Nakanotani, H.; Hiraga, Y.; Adachi, C. Appl. Phys. Lett. 2014, 104, 233304. doi: 10.1063/1.4882456
137. [137]
  (137) Zhang, D.; Duan, L.; Li, Y.; Zhang, D.; Qiu, Y. J. Mater. Chem. C 2014, 2, 8191. doi: 10.1039/C4TC01289E
138. [138]
  (138) MacDonald, W. A. J. Mater. Chem. 2004, 14, 4. doi: 10.1039/b310846p
139. [139]
  (139) Choi, M. C.; Kim, Y.; Ha, X. S. Prog. Polym. Sci. 2008, 33, 581. doi: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2007.11.004
140. [140]
  (140) Mazzeo, M.; Mariano, F. Genco, A.; Carallo, S.; Gigli, G. Org. Electron. 2013, 14, 2840. doi: 10.1016/j.orgel.2013.07.034
141. [141]
  (141) Gustafsson, G.; Cao, Y.; Treacy, G. M.; Klavetter, F.; Colaneri, N.; Heeger, A. J. Nature 1992, 357, 477. doi: 10.1038/357477a0
142. [142]
  (142) Gu, G.; Burrows, P. E.; Venkatesh, S.; Forrest, S. R. Opt. Lett. 1997, 22, 172. doi: 10.1364/OL.22.000172
143. [143]
  (143) Wang, Z. B.; Helander, M. G.; Qiu, J.; Puzzo, D. P.; Greiner, M. T.; Hudson, Z. M.; Wang, S.; Liu, Z. W.; Lu, Z. H. Nature Photon. 2011, 5, 753. doi:10.1038/nphoton.2011.259
144. [144]
  (144) Wang, L.; Xu, M.; Lan, L. F.; Zou, J. H.; Tao, H.; Xu, H.; Li, M.; Luo, D. X.; Peng, J. B. Scientia Sinica Chimica 2013, 43, 1383. [王磊, 徐苗, 兰林锋, 邹建华, 陶洪, 徐华, 李民, 罗东向, 彭俊彪. 中国科学: 化学, 2013, 43, 1383.]
145. [145]
  (145) Xu, H.; Luo, D.; Li, M.; Xu, M.; Zou, J.; Tao, H.; Lan, L.; Wang, L.; Peng, J.; Cao, Y. J. Mater. Chem. C 2014, 2, 1255. doi: 10.1039/C3TC31710B
146. [146]
  (146) Mikami, A.; Koshiy, T.; Tsubokawa, T. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 2005, 44, 608. doi: 10.1143/JJAP.44.608
147. [147]
  (147) Jou, J. H.; Wang, C. P.; Wu, M. H.; Lin, H. W.; Pan, H. C.; Liu, B. H. J. Mater. Chem. 2010, 20, 6626. doi: 10.1039/c0jm01348j
148. [148]
  (148) Ji, W.; Zhao, J.; Sun, Z.; Xie, W. Org. Electron. 2011, 12, 1137. doi: 10.1016/j.orgel.2011.03.042
149. [149]
  (149) Han, T. H.; Lee, Y.; Choi, M. R.; Woo, S. H.; Bae, S. H.; Hong, B. H.; Ahn, J. H.; Lee, T. W. Nature Photon. 2012, 6, 105. doi: 10.1038/nphoton.2011.318
150. [150]
  (150) Li, N.; Oida, S.; Tulevski, G. S.; Han, S. J.; Hannon, J. B.; Sadana, D. K.; Chen, T. C. Nature Commun. 2013, 4, 2294.
151. [151]
  (151) Liu, B.; Wang, L.; Xu, M.; Tao, H.; Gao, D.; Zou, J.; Lan, L.; Ning, H.; Peng, J.; Cao, Y. J. Mater. Chem. C 2014, 2, 9836. doi: 10.1039/C4TC01582G
152. [152]
  (152) Sasabe, H.; Kido, J. J. Mater. Chem. C 2013, 1, 1699. doi: 10.1039/c2tc00584k
153. [153]
  (153) Ye, H.; Chen, D.; Liu, M.; Su, S. J.; Wang, Y. F.; Lo, C. C.; Lien, A.; Kido, J. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2014, 24, 3268. doi: 10.1002/adfm.201303785
154. [154]
  (154) Yang, Y.; Chen, S. F.; Xie, J.; Chen, C. Y.; Shao, M.; Guo, X.; Huang, W. Acta Phys. Sin. 2011, 60 (4), 047809. [杨洋, 陈淑芬, 谢军, 陈春燕, 邵茗, 郭旭, 黄维. 物理学报, 2011, 60 (4), 047809.]
155. [155]
  (155) Tsutsui, T.; Yahiro, M.; Yokogawa, H.; Kawano, K.; Yokoyama, M. Adv. Mater. 2001, 13, 1149.
156. [156]
  (156) Zhou, J.; Ai, N.; Wang, L.; Zheng, H.; Luo, C.; Jiang, Z.; Yu, S.; Cao, Y.; Wang, J. Org. Electron. 2011, 12, 648. doi: 10.1016/j.orgel.2011.01.018
157. [157]
  (157) Ou, Q. D.; Zhou, L.; Li, Y. Q.; Chen, S.; Chen, J. D.; Li, C.; Wang, Q. K.; Lee, S. T.; Tang, J. X. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2014, 24, 7249. doi: 10.1002/adfm.v24.46
158. [158]
  (158) Zhang, Y.; Lee. J.; Forrest, S. R. Nat. Commun. 2014, 5, 5008. doi: 10.1038/ncomms6008
1. [1]
  YanYuan Jia , Rong Rong , Jie Liu , Jing Guo , GuoYu Jiang , Shuo Guo . Unity is Strength, and Independence Shines: A Science Popularization Experiment on AIE and ACQ Effects. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(9): 349-358. doi: 10.12461/PKU.DXHX202402035
2. [2]
  Fan JIA , Wenbao XU , Fangbin LIU , Haihua ZHANG , Hongbing FU . Synthesis and electroluminescence properties of Mn²⁺ doped quasi-two-dimensional perovskites (PEA)₂Pb_yMn_1-yBr₄. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(6): 1114-1122. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20230473
3. [3]
  Yonghui ZHOU , Rujun HUANG , Dongchao YAO , Aiwei ZHANG , Yuhang SUN , Zhujun CHEN , Baisong ZHU , Youxuan ZHENG . Synthesis and photoelectric properties of fluorescence materials with electron donor-acceptor structures based on quinoxaline and pyridinopyrazine, carbazole, and diphenylamine derivatives. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(4): 701-712. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20230373
4. [4]
  Yi DING , Peiyu LIAO , Jianhua JIA , Mingliang TONG . Structure and photoluminescence modulation of silver(Ⅰ)-tetra(pyridin-4-yl)ethene metal-organic frameworks by substituted benzoates. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(1): 141-148. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240393
5. [5]
  Tianyun Chen , Ruilin Xiao , Xinsheng Gu , Yunyi Shao , Qiujun Lu . Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Mechanoluminescence Properties of Lanthanide-Based Organometallic Complexes. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(5): 363-370. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202312017
6. [6]
  Zehua Zhang , Haitao Yu , Yanyu Qi . 多重共振TADF分子的设计策略. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(1): 2309042-. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202309042
7. [7]
  Jingjing QING , Fan HE , Zhihui LIU , Shuaipeng HOU , Ya LIU , Yifan JIANG , Mengting TAN , Lifang HE , Fuxing ZHANG , Xiaoming ZHU . Synthesis, structure, and anticancer activity of two complexes of dimethylglyoxime organotin. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(7): 1301-1308. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240003
8. [8]
  Xiaoling LUO , Pintian ZOU , Xiaoyan WANG , Zheng LIU , Xiangfei KONG , Qun TANG , Sheng WANG . Synthesis, crystal structures, and properties of lanthanide metal-organic frameworks based on 2, 5-dibromoterephthalic acid ligand. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(6): 1143-1150. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20230271
9. [9]
  Xiaofang DONG , Yue YANG , Shen WANG , Xiaofang HAO , Yuxia WANG , Peng CHENG . Research progress of conductive metal-organic frameworks. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(1): 14-34. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240388
10. [10]
  Shengbiao Zheng , Liang Li , Nini Zhang , Ruimin Bao , Ruizhang Hu , Jing Tang . Metal-Organic Framework-Derived Materials Modified Electrode for Electrochemical Sensing of Tert-Butylhydroquinone: A Recommended Comprehensive Chemistry Experiment for Translating Research Results. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(7): 345-353. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202310096
11. [11]
  Yikai Wang , Xiaolin Jiang , Haoming Song , Nan Wei , Yifan Wang , Xinjun Xu , Cuihong Li , Hao Lu , Yahui Liu , Zhishan Bo . 氰基修饰的苝二酰亚胺衍生物作为膜厚不敏感型阴极界面材料用于高效有机太阳能电池. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(3): 2406007-. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202406007
12. [12]
  Wendian XIE , Yuehua LONG , Jianyang XIE , Liqun XING , Shixiong SHE , Yan YANG , Zhihao HUANG . Preparation and ion separation performance of oligoether chains enriched covalent organic framework membrane. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2024, 40(8): 1528-1536. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240050
13. [13]
  Fugui XI , Du LI , Zhourui YAN , Hui WANG , Junyu XIANG , Zhiyun DONG . Functionalized zirconium metal-organic frameworks for the removal of tetracycline from water. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(4): 683-694. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240291
14. [14]
  Minna Ma , Yujin Ouyang , Yuan Wu , Mingwei Yuan , Lijuan Yang . Green Synthesis of Medical Chemiluminescence Reagents by Photocatalytic Oxidation. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(5): 134-143. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202310093
15. [15]
  Qin Li , Kexin Yang , Qinglin Yang , Xiangjin Zhu , Xiaole Han , Tao Huang . Illuminating Chlorophyll: Innovative Chemistry Popularization Experiment. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(9): 359-368. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202309059
16. [16]
  Yaofeng Yuan , Keyin Ye , Chunfa Xu , Hong Yan , Yuanming Li . Fostering an International Perspective in Postgraduate Student Teaching: A Case Study of the Organic Structure Analysis Course. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(6): 145-150. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202402024
17. [17]
  Cheng Zheng , Shiying Zheng , Yanping Zhang , Shoutian Zheng , Qiaohua Wei . Synthesis, Copper Content Analysis, and Luminescent Performance Study of Binuclear Copper (I) Complexes with Isomeric Luminescence Shift: A Comprehensive Chemical Experiment Recommendation. University Chemistry, 2024, 39(7): 322-329. doi: 10.3866/PKU.DXHX202310131
18. [18]
  Mengzhen JIANG , Qian WANG , Junfeng BAI . Research progress on low-cost ligand-based metal-organic frameworks for carbon dioxide capture from industrial flue gas. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(1): 1-13. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240355
19. [19]
  Yu Guo , Zhiwei Huang , Yuqing Hu , Junzhe Li , Jie Xu . 钠离子电池中铁基异质结构负极材料的最新研究进展. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, 2025, 41(3): 2311015-. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB202311015
20. [20]
  Chen LU , Qinlong HONG , Haixia ZHANG , Jian ZHANG . Syntheses, structures, and properties of copper-iodine cluster-based boron imidazolate framework materials. Chinese Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2025, 41(1): 149-154. doi: 10.11862/CJIC.20240407

Get Citation

PDF

XML

Metrics

PDF Downloads(1297)
Abstract views(1048)
HTML views(31)

通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com

1.
沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142