Citation: GAO Xiao-Dan, LI Hang, TIAN Rui, LIU Xin-Min, ZHU Hua-Ling. Quantitative Characterization of Specific Ion Effects Using an Effective Charge Number Based on the uy-Chapman Model[J]. Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica, ;2014, 30(12): 2272-2282. doi: 10.3866/PKU.WHXB201410231 shu

Quantitative Characterization of Specific Ion Effects Using an Effective Charge Number Based on the uy-Chapman Model

1.
Chongqing Key Laboratory of Soil Multi-scale Interfacial Process, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, P. R. China

Received Date: 22 July 2014
Available Online: 23 October 2014
Fund Project: 国家自然科学基金(41371249, 41101223) (41371249, 41101223)西南大学研究生科技创新基金(ky2011009)资助项目 (ky2011009)

Specific ion effects have been observed in a wide range of phenomena at solid-liquid interfaces. Recent studies have indicated that the origin of these effects in some relatively low-electrolyte-concentration systems is the ion polarization in the strong electric field near the interface, rather than dispersion forces, classical induction forces, ionic size, or hydration effects. These effects cause the counterions near the interface to become strongly polarized (with a polarization that is nearly ten thousands times stronger than classical polarization). This strong polarization causes that the Coulomb force exerted by the polarized ions near the interface is far greater than the force generated by the ionic charge, which is reflected in the fact that the effective charge number of polarized ions is much larger than their original charge number. We therefore used the effective charge number of strongly polarized cations to quantitatively characterize the strength of specific ion effects in colloid systems. In this study, we observed the strong, specific ion effects of Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, and Cu²⁺ in the montmorillonite-humic acid composite aggregation process. Furthermore, we established a method to calculate the effective charge number of polarized cations based on the critical coagulation concentration (CCC) measured using dynamic light scattering. We successfully obtained the effective charge number of polarized ions. The experimental effective charge numbers for Na⁺, K⁺, Ca²⁺, and Cu²⁺ were Z_{Na(effective)}=1.46, Z_K(effective)=1.86, Z_{Ca(effective)}=3.92, Z_{Cu(effective)}=6.48, respectively. These results showed that the non-classical polarization greatly enhanced the effective charge number of ions, greatly enhancing the Coulomb force exerted by the ions; and that the more electronic layers the ions had and the stronger the ionic polarization, the more the effective charge of ions increased.
- Hofmeister effect,
- Dynamic light scattering,
- Aggregation kinetics,
- Effective charge coefficient,
- Electric field,
- Non-classical polarization effect
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沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院沈阳 110142

Quantitative Characterization of Specific Ion Effects Using an Effective Charge Number Based on the uy-Chapman Model

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通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com